1. Which type of government system does India follow?
a) Presidential system
b) Parliamentary system
c) Federal system
d) Unitary system
Answer: b) Parliamentary system
Explanation: India follows a Parliamentary system of government based on the Westminster model of the UK, with the Prime Minister as the real executive and the President as the nominal executive.
2. In a Parliamentary system, who is the real executive authority?
a) President
b) Prime Minister
c) Governor
d) Chief Justice
Answer: b) Prime Minister
Explanation: Although the President is the nominal head, the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers exercise real executive powers.
3. The Parliamentary system in India is borrowed from which country?
a) USA
b) Canada
c) UK
d) Australia
Answer: c) UK
Explanation: The Westminster model of the UK inspired India’s Parliamentary form of government.
4. Which Article of the Constitution provides for a Parliamentary system at the Union level?
a) Article 74 & 75
b) Article 52 & 53
c) Article 61
d) Article 80
Answer: a) Article 74 & 75
Explanation: Articles 74 & 75 deal with the Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the President.
5. The principle of ‘Collective Responsibility’ of the Council of Ministers is mentioned in which Article?
a) Article 73
b) Article 75(3)
c) Article 74(1)
d) Article 78
Answer: b) Article 75(3)
Explanation: According to Article 75(3), the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha.
6. Who can dissolve the Lok Sabha?
a) Prime Minister
b) Speaker of Lok Sabha
c) President
d) Chief Justice of India
Answer: c) President
Explanation: The President dissolves the Lok Sabha on the advice of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers.
7. In the Parliamentary system, the head of the State is:
a) Prime Minister
b) President
c) Speaker
d) Chief Justice
Answer: b) President
Explanation: The President is the nominal head of the State, while the Prime Minister is the head of government.
8. In the Indian Parliamentary system, the President is:
a) Real Executive
b) Nominal Executive
c) Dictator
d) Judiciary head
Answer: b) Nominal Executive
Explanation: The President functions as the constitutional head, acting on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers.
9. Who is known as the “Keystone of the Cabinet Arch” in India?
a) President
b) Prime Minister
c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
d) Governor
Answer: b) Prime Minister
Explanation: The Prime Minister is the central figure in the Council of Ministers and is often described as the “Keystone of the Cabinet Arch.”
10. Which feature of the Parliamentary system ensures that the executive is accountable to the legislature?
a) Bicameralism
b) Judicial Review
c) Collective Responsibility
d) Separation of Powers
Answer: c) Collective Responsibility
Explanation: The Council of Ministers remains in office only as long as it enjoys the confidence of the Lok Sabha.
11. The concept of the Parliamentary system in India is rooted in which principle?
a) Checks and Balances
b) Rule of Law
c) Responsible Government
d) Judicial Supremacy
Answer: c) Responsible Government
Explanation: The Parliamentary system in India ensures a responsible government where the executive is responsible to the legislature.
12. The President of India exercises his powers:
a) Independently
b) On the advice of the Prime Minister
c) On the advice of the Council of Ministers
d) On the advice of Parliament
Answer: c) On the advice of the Council of Ministers
Explanation: As per Article 74, the President acts on the aid and advice of the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
13. In the Parliamentary system, Ministers hold office during the pleasure of:
a) Prime Minister
b) President
c) Lok Sabha
d) Chief Justice
Answer: b) President
Explanation: Ministers are appointed by the President and hold office during his pleasure, but in practice, they remain in office as long as they have the confidence of the Lok Sabha.
14. Who appoints the Prime Minister of India?
a) President
b) Vice President
c) Lok Sabha Speaker
d) Supreme Court
Answer: a) President
Explanation: The President appoints the Prime Minister, usually the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha.
15. The principle of Parliamentary sovereignty is strongest in which country?
a) USA
b) India
c) UK
d) Canada
Answer: c) UK
Explanation: In the UK, Parliament is sovereign, unlike India, where the Constitution is supreme.
16. The Indian President can act independently in which case?
a) Appointment of Prime Minister
b) Dissolution of Lok Sabha
c) Appointment of Chief Justice
d) Promulgation of Ordinance
Answer: a) Appointment of Prime Minister
Explanation: The President can act independently when no party has a clear majority in the Lok Sabha, and he must decide whom to appoint as Prime Minister.
17. The Parliamentary system in states is provided under which Articles?
a) Articles 153–164
b) Articles 168–177
c) Articles 200–213
d) Articles 214–231
Answer: a) Articles 153–164
Explanation: These Articles deal with Governors, Chief Ministers, and State Council of Ministers.
18. The Council of Ministers at the Union level is collectively responsible to:
a) Rajya Sabha
b) Lok Sabha
c) Both Houses
d) President
Answer: b) Lok Sabha
Explanation: As per Article 75(3), the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha only.
19. The President can dismiss the Council of Ministers when:
a) They lose confidence of Rajya Sabha
b) They lose confidence of Lok Sabha
c) They lose confidence of Judiciary
d) They lose confidence of Governors
Answer: b) They lose confidence of Lok Sabha
Explanation: If the Lok Sabha passes a no-confidence motion, the President must dismiss the Council of Ministers.
20. Who presides over the joint sessions of Parliament?a) President
b) Vice President
c) Prime Minister
d) Speaker of Lok Sabha
Answer: d) Speaker of Lok Sabha
Explanation: The Speaker presides over joint sittings of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha under Article 118.
21. The Parliamentary system in India ensures the fusion of which organs?
a) Legislature and Judiciary
b) Executive and Judiciary
c) Executive and Legislature
d) Judiciary and Executive
Answer: c) Executive and Legislature
Explanation: In the Parliamentary system, the executive (Council of Ministers) is drawn from and accountable to the legislature.
22. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Parliamentary system?
a) Dual executive
b) Collective responsibility
c) Separation of powers
d) Leadership of Prime Minister
Answer: c) Separation of powers
Explanation: The Parliamentary system is based on fusion of powers, not strict separation as in the Presidential system.
23. The term ‘Cabinet Government’ refers to:
a) Government by President
b) Government by Ministers collectively
c) Government by Prime Minister alone
d) Government by Judiciary
Answer: b) Government by Ministers collectively
Explanation: Cabinet government means a government where policy decisions are taken collectively by Ministers.
24. In India, the concept of ‘Rule of Law’ is ensured through:
a) Presidential supremacy
b) Parliamentary accountability
c) Judicial review
d) Collective responsibility
Answer: c) Judicial review
Explanation: The Supreme Court ensures rule of law through its power of judicial review over executive and legislative actions.
25. Which of the following makes the Indian Parliamentary system unique from the UK model?
a) Nominal head of State
b) Real head is Prime Minister
c) Sovereignty of Parliament
d) Written Constitution and Judicial Review
Answer: d) Written Constitution and Judicial Review
Explanation: Unlike the UK, India has a written Constitution and judicial review, limiting the sovereignty of Parliament.
26. Which of the following is a demerit of the Parliamentary system?
a) Stable government
b) More accountability
c) Cabinet dictatorship
d) Leadership of Prime Minister
Answer: c) Cabinet dictatorship
Explanation: The Parliamentary system sometimes results in cabinet dictatorship, where the Cabinet dominates Parliament due to majority support.
27. Which institution controls the executive in a Parliamentary system?
a) Judiciary
b) President
c) Parliament
d) Election Commission
Answer: c) Parliament
Explanation: The executive (Council of Ministers) remains in office as long as it has the confidence of the Lok Sabha.
28. The office of the Prime Minister is created by:
a) Constitution of India
b) Parliamentary statute
c) Convention
d) Presidential order
Answer: a) Constitution of India
Explanation: Article 74 and 75 provide for the office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers.
29. The Council of Ministers in India is of how many categories?
a) Two
b) Three
c) Four
d) Five
Answer: b) Three
Explanation: The Council of Ministers has Cabinet Ministers, Ministers of State, and Deputy Ministers.
30. In India, the Cabinet is:
a) Larger body
b) Smaller inner body of the Council of Ministers
c) A Constitutional body
d) A judicial body
Answer: b) Smaller inner body of the Council of Ministers
Explanation: The Cabinet is a smaller body within the Council of Ministers that takes major policy decisions.
31. Who is the ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha?
a) President
b) Prime Minister
c) Vice President
d) Speaker
Answer: c) Vice President
Explanation: As per Article 64, the Vice President is the ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha.
32. In the Indian Parliamentary system, the President can send back advice to the Council of Ministers:
a) Twice
b) Thrice
c) Once
d) Cannot send back
Answer: c) Once
Explanation: The President can send back advice once for reconsideration, but if re-submitted, he must act on it.
33. Which Article mentions the Prime Minister’s duty to communicate with the President?
a) Article 74
b) Article 75
c) Article 78
d) Article 80
Answer: c) Article 78
Explanation: Article 78 defines the duties of the Prime Minister regarding communication between the President and Council of Ministers.
34. The Cabinet system of government was first introduced in India in:
a) 1858
b) 1919
c) 1935
d) 1947
Answer: b) 1919
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1919 introduced the Cabinet system at the provincial level.
35. The President can address both Houses of Parliament together under which Article?
a) Article 85
b) Article 86
c) Article 87
d) Article 88
Answer: c) Article 87
Explanation: Article 87 empowers the President to address both Houses of Parliament at the beginning of the first session each year.
36. The responsibility of the Council of Ministers is:
a) Collective only
b) Individual only
c) Both collective and individual
d) Neither
Answer: c) Both collective and individual
Explanation: Ministers are collectively responsible to Lok Sabha and individually responsible to the President.
37. Who decides the portfolios of Ministers in India?
a) President
b) Prime Minister
c) Lok Sabha
d) Cabinet
Answer: b) Prime Minister
Explanation: The Prime Minister allocates portfolios among Ministers and reshuffles them when needed.
38. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Indian Parliamentary system?
a) It ensures harmony between executive and legislature
b) It provides for collective responsibility
c) The President is the real head of government
d) It follows the principle of responsible government
Answer: c) The President is the real head of government
Explanation: In India, the Prime Minister is the real head of government, not the President.
39. Which of the following makes the Indian Parliament sovereign in law-making?
a) No judicial review
b) Written Constitution
c) Plenary legislative powers
d) Emergency powers
Answer: c) Plenary legislative powers
Explanation: Parliament enjoys plenary legislative powers within its constitutional limits, though subject to judicial review.
40. The Prime Minister is called ‘First among equals’ because:
a) He is head of Cabinet
b) He is more powerful than President
c) He controls judiciary
d) He appoints Governors
Answer: a) He is head of Cabinet
Explanation: The Prime Minister is one among Ministers but leads them, hence ‘first among equals’.
41. Which of the following is NOT an essential feature of the Parliamentary system?
a) Bicameral legislature
b) Leadership of Prime Minister
c) Collective responsibility
d) Majority rule
Answer: a) Bicameral legislature
Explanation: Bicameralism is not essential; a Parliamentary system may exist even in unicameral legislatures.
42. The provision for a Parliamentary system at the state level is provided in which Article?
a) Article 153
b) Article 154
c) Article 163
d) Article 164
Answer: d) Article 164
Explanation: Article 164 provides that the Council of Ministers headed by the Chief Minister is collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly.
43. The Prime Minister of India is appointed by:
a) Lok Sabha
b) President
c) Rajya Sabha
d) Speaker
Answer: b) President
Explanation: The President formally appoints the Prime Minister, who must enjoy majority support in Lok Sabha.
44. Which House of Parliament exercises greater control over the Council of Ministers?
a) Lok Sabha
b) Rajya Sabha
c) Both equally
d) President
Answer: a) Lok Sabha
Explanation: The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha only.
45. What is meant by the term “Ministerial Responsibility”?
a) Responsibility of ministers to judiciary
b) Responsibility of ministers to President
c) Responsibility of ministers to Parliament
d) Responsibility of ministers to bureaucracy
Answer: c) Responsibility of ministers to Parliament
Explanation: Ministers are responsible to Parliament (Lok Sabha) for their policies and actions.
46. Who is the constitutional head of the State government in India?
a) Chief Minister
b) Governor
c) State Assembly Speaker
d) High Court Chief Justice
Answer: b) Governor
Explanation: The Governor is the constitutional head, while the Chief Minister is the real executive at the state level.
47. In India, who enjoys the discretionary powers in appointing a Prime Minister?
a) President
b) Lok Sabha Speaker
c) Vice President
d) Chief Justice of India
Answer: a) President
Explanation: If no party has a clear majority, the President uses discretion to appoint a Prime Minister.
48. Which of the following controls the Cabinet in a Parliamentary system?
a) Prime Minister
b) Parliament
c) President
d) Supreme Court
Answer: b) Parliament
Explanation: The Cabinet is accountable to the Parliament (Lok Sabha) and can be removed by a no-confidence motion.
49. The Parliamentary form of government ensures:
a) Concentration of powers
b) Separation of powers
c) Fusion of powers
d) Judicial supremacy
Answer: c) Fusion of powers
Explanation: The Parliamentary system is based on the fusion of executive and legislature.
50. In the Parliamentary system of India, who acts as the link between the President and the Council of Ministers?
a) Vice President
b) Lok Sabha Speaker
c) Prime Minister
d) Chief Justice
Answer: c) Prime Minister
Explanation: As per Article 78, the Prime Minister acts as the link between the President and Council of Ministers.
51. Who can introduce a no-confidence motion in Lok Sabha?
a) Any member of Parliament
b) Only ruling party members
c) Only opposition members
d) Speaker of Lok Sabha
Answer: a) Any member of Parliament
Explanation: Any member of Lok Sabha can move a no-confidence motion against the Council of Ministers. If passed, the entire Cabinet must resign.
52. What is the minimum support needed to admit a no-confidence motion?
a) 25 members
b) 50 members
c) 75 members
d) 100 members
Answer: b) 50 members
Explanation: A no-confidence motion requires the support of at least 50 members of Lok Sabha to be admitted for discussion.
53. Who decides whether a Bill is a Money Bill?
a) President
b) Prime Minister
c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
d) Finance Minister
Answer: c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
Explanation: As per Article 110, the Speaker has the final authority to decide whether a Bill is a Money Bill.
54. A Money Bill can be introduced only in:
a) Rajya Sabha
b) Lok Sabha
c) Either House
d) Joint Session
Answer: b) Lok Sabha
Explanation: Only Lok Sabha has the power to introduce Money Bills. Rajya Sabha can only recommend amendments.
55. In the Parliamentary system, who holds the position of “Leader of the House”?
a) President
b) Prime Minister
c) Speaker
d) Vice President
Answer: b) Prime Minister
Explanation: The Prime Minister is the Leader of the House in Lok Sabha (and in Rajya Sabha if he is a member there).
56. The Parliamentary system in India ensures:
a) Independence of executive
b) Accountability of executive
c) Supremacy of President
d) Supremacy of judiciary
Answer: b) Accountability of executive
Explanation: In a Parliamentary system, the executive is accountable to the legislature (Lok Sabha).
57. Who presides over the Rajya Sabha in the absence of the Vice President?
a) Speaker of Lok Sabha
b) Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha
c) Prime Minister
d) President
Answer: b) Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha
Explanation: In absence of the Vice President, the Deputy Chairman presides over Rajya Sabha.
58. The concept of ‘Shadow Cabinet’ is related to which country?
a) USA
b) UK
c) Canada
d) India
Answer: b) UK
Explanation: The UK Parliamentary system has the concept of a ‘Shadow Cabinet’ formed by the opposition.
59. Who has the power to summon or prorogue Parliament?
a) Prime Minister
b) President
c) Speaker
d) Cabinet
Answer: b) President
Explanation: The President summons and prorogues sessions of Parliament on the advice of the Prime Minister.
60. What is the maximum gap allowed between two sessions of Parliament?
a) 3 months
b) 4 months
c) 5 months
d) 6 months
Answer: d) 6 months
Explanation: The gap between two sessions of Parliament cannot exceed 6 months (Article 85).
61. The Parliament of India consists of:
a) President, Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha
b) Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha only
c) Prime Minister and Lok Sabha
d) President and Lok Sabha
Answer: a) President, Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha
Explanation: As per Article 79, the Parliament consists of the President and two Houses.
62. The maximum strength of the Lok Sabha is:
a) 500
b) 545
c) 552
d) 560
Answer: c) 552
Explanation: The maximum strength of Lok Sabha is 552 (530 from states, 20 from UTs, 2 nominated by President).
63. Which House of Parliament is called the ‘House of People’?
a) Rajya Sabha
b) Lok Sabha
c) Both Houses jointly
d) State Assemblies
Answer: b) Lok Sabha
Explanation: Lok Sabha is known as the House of the People, as members are directly elected.
64. The tenure of Rajya Sabha is:
a) 5 years
b) 6 years
c) Permanent body with one-third members retiring every 2 years
d) 7 years
Answer: c) Permanent body with one-third members retiring every 2 years
Explanation: Rajya Sabha is a permanent body; it never dissolves. Every two years, one-third members retire.
65. Which of the following powers is exclusive to Lok Sabha?
a) Amendment of Constitution
b) Impeachment of President
c) Passing of Money Bills
d) Approval of Treaties
Answer: c) Passing of Money Bills
Explanation: Only Lok Sabha can introduce and pass Money Bills; Rajya Sabha has only advisory role.
66. Who is known as the “Guardian of the Lok Sabha”?
a) Prime Minister
b) President
c) Speaker
d) Chief Justice
Answer: c) Speaker
Explanation: The Speaker is the guardian of the rights and privileges of Lok Sabha.
67. The Speaker of Lok Sabha is elected by:
a) President
b) Members of Lok Sabha
c) Members of both Houses
d) Prime Minister
Answer: b) Members of Lok Sabha
Explanation: The Speaker is elected by the members of Lok Sabha from among themselves.
68. Who presides over a joint sitting of Parliament?
a) President
b) Prime Minister
c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
d) Vice President
Answer: c) Speaker of Lok Sabha
Explanation: Article 118 provides that the Speaker presides over joint sittings of Parliament.
69. Which House has more financial powers?
a) Rajya Sabha
b) Lok Sabha
c) Both equal
d) State Assemblies
Answer: b) Lok Sabha
Explanation: Lok Sabha has greater financial powers as it controls Money Bills and grants.
70. The maximum strength of Rajya Sabha is:
a) 238
b) 245
c) 250
d) 260
Answer: c) 250
Explanation: Rajya Sabha can have a maximum of 250 members (238 elected, 12 nominated).
71. Who nominates members to the Rajya Sabha?
a) Prime Minister
b) Speaker
c) President
d) Chief Justice
Answer: c) President
Explanation: The President nominates 12 members to Rajya Sabha from fields like literature, science, arts, social service.
72. Who nominates members to the Lok Sabha?
a) Prime Minister
b) President
c) Vice President
d) Election Commission
Answer: b) President
Explanation: The President nominates 2 members of Anglo-Indian community to Lok Sabha (till 2020, abolished by 104th Amendment).
73. The maximum period for which the Lok Sabha can be extended during an emergency is:
a) 1 year at a time
b) 2 years at a time
c) 6 months
d) Cannot be extended
Answer: a) 1 year at a time
Explanation: During a national emergency, the Lok Sabha tenure can be extended by 1 year at a time, but not beyond 6 months after emergency ceases.
74. Which House represents the States in Indian federalism?
a) Lok Sabha
b) Rajya Sabha
c) Both equally
d) Legislative Assemblies
Answer: b) Rajya Sabha
Explanation: Rajya Sabha is called the Council of States and represents states at the national level.
75. Who is the ‘Presiding Officer’ of Lok Sabha?
a) President
b) Vice President
c) Speaker
d) Prime Minister
Answer: c) Speaker
Explanation: The Speaker is the presiding officer of Lok Sabha and maintains order in the House.
76. Who presides over Rajya Sabha?
a) Speaker
b) President
c) Vice President
d) Prime Minister
Answer: c) Vice President
Explanation: The Vice President is the ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha.
77. The Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha is elected by:
a) President
b) Lok Sabha members
c) Prime Minister
d) Rajya Sabha members
Answer: b) Lok Sabha members
Explanation: Both the Speaker and Deputy Speaker are elected by Lok Sabha members from among themselves.
78. What is the quorum required in either House of Parliament?
a) 1/5th of total members
b) 1/8th of total members
c) 1/10th of total members
d) 1/6th of total members
Answer: c) 1/10th of total members
Explanation: As per Article 100, the quorum is one-tenth of total membership.
79. The first woman Speaker of Lok Sabha was:
a) Sarojini Naidu
b) Indira Gandhi
c) Meira Kumar
d) Sushma Swaraj
Answer: c) Meira Kumar
Explanation: Meira Kumar was the first woman Speaker of Lok Sabha (2009–2014).
80. Who decides on the disqualification of MPs under Anti-Defection Law?
a) President
b) Supreme Court
c) Speaker/Chairman of the House
d) Prime Minister
Answer: c) Speaker/Chairman of the House
Explanation: The Speaker (Lok Sabha) or Chairman (Rajya Sabha) decides on disqualification under the Tenth Schedule.
81. The concept of the Anti-Defection Law was introduced by which amendment?
a) 42nd Amendment
b) 44th Amendment
c) 52nd Amendment
d) 61st Amendment
Answer: c) 52nd Amendment
Explanation: The 52nd Amendment Act, 1985 inserted the Tenth Schedule, introducing Anti-Defection Law.
82. The Prime Minister must be:
a) Member of Lok Sabha only
b) Member of Rajya Sabha only
c) Member of either House of Parliament
d) Member of Legislative Assembly
Answer: c) Member of either House of Parliament
Explanation: The Prime Minister can be a member of Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha.
83. A Minister who is not a member of either House must get elected within:
a) 3 months
b) 6 months
c) 9 months
d) 1 year
Answer: b) 6 months
Explanation: As per Article 75, a non-MP can be a Minister for maximum 6 months.
84. The maximum number of Ministers (including PM) can be what percentage of Lok Sabha?
a) 10%
b) 12%
c) 15%
d) 20%
Answer: c) 15%
Explanation: The 91st Amendment Act, 2003 fixed the limit of Council of Ministers to 15% of Lok Sabha strength.
85. The Cabinet Secretariat functions under:
a) President
b) Prime Minister
c) Cabinet Secretary
d) Speaker
Answer: b) Prime Minister
Explanation: The Cabinet Secretariat works under the direct charge of the Prime Minister.
86. Who is known as the ‘Leader of Opposition’?
a) Any opposition leader
b) Leader of the largest opposition party
c) Second largest party leader
d) President’s nominee
Answer: b) Leader of the largest opposition party
Explanation: The Leader of Opposition is the leader of the largest opposition party with at least 10% of Lok Sabha seats.
87. Which Article provides for the impeachment of the President?
a) Article 52
b) Article 61
c) Article 74
d) Article 75
Answer: b) Article 61
Explanation: Article 61 provides the procedure for impeachment of the President.
88. Who conducts the election of the President of India?
a) Election Commission
b) Parliament
c) Prime Minister
d) Vice President
Answer: a) Election Commission
Explanation: The Election Commission of India conducts the election of the President.
89. Which Article provides for the Vice President of India?
a) Article 62
b) Article 63
c) Article 65
d) Article 66
Answer: b) Article 63
Explanation: Article 63 provides that there shall be a Vice President of India.
90. Who presides over the Lok Sabha in the absence of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker?
a) President
b) Senior-most MP
c) A member of Panel of Chairpersons
d) Prime Minister
Answer: c) A member of Panel of Chairpersons
Explanation: In absence of Speaker and Deputy Speaker, one from the Panel of Chairpersons presides.
91. The Union Budget is prepared by:
a) President
b) Prime Minister
c) Finance Minister
d) Planning Commission
Answer: c) Finance Minister
Explanation: The Finance Minister prepares and presents the Union Budget before Lok Sabha.
92. The Union Budget is presented first in:
a) Lok Sabha
b) Rajya Sabha
c) Joint Session
d) President’s House
Answer: a) Lok Sabha
Explanation: The Union Budget is always presented first in Lok Sabha.
93. The first Union Budget of Independent India was presented by:
a) Jawaharlal Nehru
b) R. K. Shanmukham Chetty
c) Morarji Desai
d) John Mathai
Answer: b) R. K. Shanmukham Chetty
Explanation: The first Budget of Independent India was presented by R. K. Shanmukham Chetty in 1947.
94. Which of the following motions tests the stability of the government?
a) Censure Motion
b) Privilege Motion
c) No-Confidence Motion
d) Adjournment Motion
Answer: c) No-Confidence Motion
Explanation: A No-Confidence Motion, if passed, forces the Council of Ministers to resign, testing government stability.
95. Which of the following motions is used to censure the government?
a) Privilege Motion
b) Censure Motion
c) Adjournment Motion
d) Calling Attention Motion
Answer: b) Censure Motion
Explanation: A Censure Motion criticizes the government’s policies and demands explanation.
96. Which House has the power to initiate impeachment of the President?
a) Lok Sabha only
b) Rajya Sabha only
c) Either House of Parliament
d) Joint Session only
Answer: c) Either House of Parliament
Explanation: The process of impeachment of the President can be initiated in either House of Parliament.
97. Which House can make laws on subjects in the State List under Article 249?
a) Lok Sabha
b) Rajya Sabha
c) Both Houses jointly
d) President
Answer: b) Rajya Sabha
Explanation: Under Article 249, Rajya Sabha can authorize Parliament to make laws on State List subjects.
98. Who can preside over the joint session of Parliament in absence of Speaker?
a) Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha
b) Chairman of Rajya Sabha
c) Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha
d) President
Answer: a) Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha
Explanation: In absence of the Speaker, the Deputy Speaker presides over the joint sitting.
99. Which amendment lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 years?
a) 42nd Amendment
b) 44th Amendment
c) 61st Amendment
d) 73rd Amendment
Answer: c) 61st Amendment
Explanation: The 61st Amendment Act, 1988 reduced the voting age to 18 years.
100. Who is the final authority to interpret the Constitution?
a) Parliament
b) President
c) Supreme Court
d) Prime Minister
Answer: c) Supreme Court
Explanation: The Supreme Court is the final interpreter of the Constitution in India.