1. The Ganga dynasty of Talakadu is also known as?
A) Southern Gangas
B) Western Gangas
C) Eastern Gangas
D) Northern Gangas
Answer: A) Southern Gangas
Explanation: They are called Southern Gangas to distinguish them from the Eastern Gangas of Kalinga (Orissa).
2. The original capital of the Gangas was?
A) Talakadu
B) Kolar
C) Mysuru
D) Shravanabelagola
Answer: B) Kolar
Explanation: The Gangas first ruled from Kolar, later shifted their capital to Talakadu on the banks of Kaveri.
3. The later capital of Gangas was?
A) Banavasi
B) Talakadu
C) Shravanabelagola
D) Halebidu
Answer: B) Talakadu
Explanation: From Talakadu (Mysuru district), the Gangas ruled for several centuries.
4. The founder of Ganga dynasty was?
A) Madhava I
B) Konganivarma Madhava
C) Durvinita
D) Avinita
Answer: B) Konganivarma Madhava
Explanation: The dynasty was founded by Konganivarma Madhava around 350 CE.
5. The Ganga dynasty ruled from?
A) 345–999 CE
B) 400–1100 CE
C) 500–1300 CE
D) 250–900 CE
Answer: A) 345–999 CE
Explanation: The Southern Gangas ruled for about 650 years, till the rise of Cholas in the 10th century.
6. The Gangas are believed to have originated from?
A) North India
B) West Coast of Karnataka
C) Kongu region (Tamil Nadu)
D) Andhra Pradesh
Answer: C) Kongu region (Tamil Nadu)
Explanation: Historical tradition links the Gangas to Kongu Nadu (present Tamil Nadu), though they settled in Karnataka.
7. The most famous early Ganga king was?
A) Avinita
B) Durvinita
C) Rachamalla
D) Madhava I
Answer: B) Durvinita
Explanation: Durvinita (529–579 CE) was the greatest early ruler, known for administration and culture.
8. Durvinita had matrimonial relations with which powerful dynasty?
A) Pallavas
B) Chalukyas
C) Kadambas
D) Guptas
Answer: B) Chalukyas
Explanation: Durvinita married a Chalukya princess, strengthening ties with Pulakeshin I.
9. The Gangas of Talakadu were feudatories of?
A) Chalukyas of Badami
B) Rashtrakutas
C) Cholas
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: At different times, Gangas were independent, later feudatories of Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, and finally subdued by Cholas.
10. The famous Skandavarman line belonged to which dynasty?
A) Gangas of Talakadu
B) Pallavas
C) Kadambas
D) Cholas
Answer: A) Gangas of Talakadu
Explanation: Ganga dynasty claimed descent from Ikshvaku lineage through Skandavarman.
11. Who shifted the Ganga capital from Kolar to Talakadu?
A) Durvinita
B) Harivarma
C) Avinita
D) Madhava III
Answer: A) Durvinita
Explanation: The capital was shifted to Talakadu during Durvinita’s rule for strategic reasons.
12. Which early Ganga king is known for defeating Pallavas?
A) Avinita
B) Durvinita
C) Rachamalla
D) Madhava I
Answer: B) Durvinita
Explanation: Durvinita defeated Pallavas, asserting Ganga independence.
13. The reign of which Ganga king is considered the “Golden Age” of early Gangas?
A) Madhava I
B) Durvinita
C) Avinita
D) Rachamalla II
Answer: B) Durvinita
Explanation: Durvinita’s reign is marked by stability, prosperity, and cultural growth.
14. Which Ganga ruler supported Buddhism in Karnataka?
A) Madhava II
B) Avinita
C) Durvinita
D) Konganivarma
Answer: C) Durvinita
Explanation: Durvinita is said to have supported Buddhism along with Jainism and Hinduism.
15. The Gangas of Talakadu were patrons mainly of which religion?
A) Jainism
B) Shaivism
C) Vaishnavism
D) Buddhism
Answer: A) Jainism
Explanation: Jainism flourished under the Gangas, especially in Shravanabelagola.
16. Who among the following Ganga kings performed the Ashwamedha Yajna?
A) Konganivarma Madhava
B) Durvinita
C) Avinita
D) Madhava III
Answer: B) Durvinita
Explanation: Durvinita performed the Ashwamedha sacrifice, asserting his sovereignty.
17. Avinita, an early Ganga ruler, was the father of?
A) Durvinita
B) Rachamalla
C) Butuga I
D) Sripurusha
Answer: A) Durvinita
Explanation: Avinita was succeeded by his son Durvinita, the most illustrious Ganga king.
18. The Gangas issued land grants mostly in the form of?
A) Copper plate inscriptions
B) Palm leaf manuscripts
C) Oral grants
D) Rock edicts
Answer: A) Copper plate inscriptions
Explanation: Copper plate inscriptions were used for recording land donations.
19. The earliest inscription of the Gangas has been found at?
A) Begur
B) Kolar
C) Nandi Hills
D) Shravanabelagola
Answer: B) Kolar
Explanation: Early inscriptions of the Gangas are found in Kolar region, their first capital.
20. The Begur inscription (890 CE) is significant because?
A) It mentions “Bengaluru” for the first time
B) It records Durvinita’s genealogy
C) It mentions Jain temples
D) It refers to Chalukyas
Answer: A) It mentions “Bengaluru” for the first time
Explanation: The Begur inscription of Ganga king Ereyappa is the earliest record mentioning “Bengaluru”.
21. Which Ganga ruler defeated Pallava king Simhavishnu?
A) Durvinita
B) Avinita
C) Sripurusha
D) Butuga I
Answer: A) Durvinita
Explanation: Durvinita defeated Simhavishnu Pallava, asserting Ganga power.
22. The title “Mahamandaleshwara” was adopted by?
A) Ganga feudatories
B) Ganga emperors
C) Pallava kings
D) Kadamba rulers
Answer: A) Ganga feudatories
Explanation: The title was used by feudatory chiefs under Gangas and later empires.
23. The Gangas ruled mainly over?
A) Coastal Karnataka
B) Southern Karnataka & Tamil Nadu border
C) Hyderabad-Karnataka
D) Northern Karnataka
Answer: B) Southern Karnataka & Tamil Nadu border
Explanation: Their territory included Mysuru, Mandya, Tumakuru, Kolar, Bengaluru regions.
24. Which Ganga king issued the Kanva copper plates?
A) Konganivarma Madhava
B) Durvinita
C) Avinita
D) Madhava III
Answer: C) Avinita
Explanation: Avinita issued the Kanva copper plates, recording land grants.
25. The Gangas were overthrown finally by?
A) Chalukyas
B) Rashtrakutas
C) Cholas
D) Hoysalas
Answer: C) Cholas
Explanation: The Cholas under Rajaraja I defeated the Gangas around 1000 CE, ending their dynasty.
26. The Ganga administration was based on division into?
A) Mandala, Vishaya, Nadu, Grama
B) Janapada, Kshetra, Village
C) Province, District, Taluk, Hobli
D) Nagara, Pattana, Seeme, Nadu
Answer: A) Mandala, Vishaya, Nadu, Grama
Explanation: Ganga empire was divided into Mandala (province) → Vishaya (district) → Nadu (sub-district) → Grama (village).
27. The chief of a Mandala under the Gangas was called?
A) Dandanayaka
B) Mahamandaleshwara
C) Vishayapati
D) Gramakuta
Answer: B) Mahamandaleshwara
Explanation: A Mahamandaleshwara governed a Mandala and often acted like a semi-independent ruler.
28. The head of a Vishaya was known as?
A) Vishayapati
B) Durgapala
C) Nadabova
D) Gavunda
Answer: A) Vishayapati
Explanation: Vishayapati was the district chief under Ganga rule.
29. The revenue officials under the Gangas were called?
A) Nadabovas
B) Senabhovas
C) Gavundas
D) Dandanayakas
Answer: A) Nadabovas
Explanation: Nadabovas were accountants responsible for tax collection and record-keeping.
30. The village headman under the Gangas was called?
A) Gramakuta
B) Gavunda
C) Naduprabhu
D) Pattanaswamy
Answer: A) Gramakuta
Explanation: The Gramakuta was the village head, assisted by Gavundas.
31. The most powerful local elite class under the Gangas were?
A) Gavundas
B) Brahmadeyas
C) Dandanayakas
D) Mahajanas
Answer: A) Gavundas
Explanation: Gavundas were wealthy landlords and military supporters, crucial to Ganga administration.
32. The army commander under the Gangas was called?
A) Dandanayaka
B) Senabhova
C) Durgapala
D) Mahadandanayaka
Answer: A) Dandanayaka
Explanation: The Dandanayaka was the chief of the armed forces.
33. The Ganga land revenue system was based on?
A) Fixed tax on trade
B) Share of agricultural produce
C) Military service tax
D) Temple donations
Answer: B) Share of agricultural produce
Explanation: Farmers paid a portion of their agricultural produce as land revenue.
34. The unit of land revenue measurement under the Gangas was?
A) Gadyana
B) Kula
C) Kamba
D) Bhoga
Answer: D) Bhoga
Explanation: Bhoga was the unit of assessment of land and tax.
35. The most common land grants issued by the Gangas were?
A) Brahmadeya and Devadana
B) Jagirs
C) Ryotwari
D) Zamindari
Answer: A) Brahmadeya and Devadana
Explanation: Gangas granted land to Brahmins (Brahmadeya) and temples (Devadana).
36. Which religious group flourished the most under Ganga patronage?
A) Jains
B) Buddhists
C) Shaivites
D) Vaishnavites
Answer: A) Jains
Explanation: The Gangas were major patrons of Jainism, especially in Shravanabelagola.
37. The most important Jain center under the Gangas was?
A) Halebidu
B) Shravanabelagola
C) Belur
D) Talakadu
Answer: B) Shravanabelagola
Explanation: Shravanabelagola became the foremost Jain religious center due to Ganga patronage.
38. The famous Gommateshwara statue at Shravanabelagola was built by?
A) Durvinita
B) Chavundaraya
C) Sripurusha
D) Rachamalla
Answer: B) Chavundaraya
Explanation: Chavundaraya, a Ganga minister and general, constructed the 57-feet tall monolithic statue of Bahubali in 981 CE.
39. The language used in most Ganga inscriptions was?
A) Kannada and Sanskrit
B) Prakrit
C) Tamil
D) Telugu
Answer: A) Kannada and Sanskrit
Explanation: Inscriptions were usually in Kannada (administrative) and Sanskrit (eulogies).
40. The Ganga kings used which script in their records?
A) Nagari
B) Brahmi & Kadamba
C) Nandinagari & Kannada script
D) Grantha
Answer: C) Nandinagari & Kannada script
Explanation: The Gangas used early Kannada script and Nandinagari script.
41. The title “Satyavakya” was adopted by which Ganga ruler?
A) Sripurusha
B) Durvinita
C) Rachamalla
D) Butuga II
Answer: A) Sripurusha
Explanation: King Sripurusha assumed the title “Satyavakya” after his victories.
42. The literary work “Chavundaraya Purana” (Trishashtilakshana Mahapurana) was written by?
A) Chavundaraya
B) Durvinita
C) Ranna
D) Pampa
Answer: A) Chavundaraya
Explanation: Chavundaraya wrote the first Kannada prose work, a Jain text summarizing Puranas.
43. The Begur inscription (c. 890 CE) belongs to which Ganga king?
A) Ereyappa
B) Sripurusha
C) Durvinita
D) Butuga II
Answer: A) Ereyappa
Explanation: The Begur inscription of Ereyappa mentions “Bengaluru” for the first time.
44. The term “Mahajanas” in Ganga period refers to?
A) Landlords
B) Temple authorities
C) Assemblies of learned Brahmins
D) Revenue officers
Answer: C) Assemblies of learned Brahmins
Explanation: Mahajanas were councils of learned Brahmins who managed land grants and temples.
45. The religious tolerance of Gangas is seen from their patronage of?
A) Jainism
B) Shaivism
C) Vaishnavism
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: While Jainism dominated, the Gangas also supported Shaiva and Vaishnava temples.
46. The main economic base of Ganga kingdom was?
A) Agriculture
B) Trade
C) Maritime activities
D) Handicrafts
Answer: A) Agriculture
Explanation: Wet and dry farming was the backbone of Ganga economy.
47. The Ganga kings encouraged irrigation by?
A) Building tanks and canals
B) Rainwater harvesting
C) Digging wells only
D) Importing water technology
Answer: A) Building tanks and canals
Explanation: They constructed tanks (kere), canals, bunds to improve agriculture.
48. The society under the Gangas was characterized by?
A) Vedic caste system
B) Feudal landlordism (Gavundas)
C) Rise of Jain influence
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Ganga society combined caste, feudal Gavunda system, and Jain religious influence.
49. The practice of hero stones (virgal) was common during Ganga period to commemorate?
A) Merchants
B) Farmers
C) Warriors who died in battle
D) Kings only
Answer: C) Warriors who died in battle
Explanation: Virgal stones recorded the bravery of warriors, a tradition flourishing under Gangas.
50. The unique social practice supported by Gangas was?
A) Sallekhana (ritual death by fasting)
B) Widow remarriage
C) Matrilineal inheritance
D) Slavery abolition
Answer: A) Sallekhana (ritual death by fasting)
Explanation: As Jain patrons, Gangas respected Sallekhana – voluntary fasting to death practiced by monks and some laymen.
51. The Ganga military was organized into?
A) Infantry, cavalry, elephants, chariots
B) Only infantry and cavalry
C) Navy and cavalry
D) Infantry and archers
Answer: A) Infantry, cavalry, elephants, chariots
Explanation: The Gangas maintained the traditional Chaturanga Bala (fourfold army).
52. The commander-in-chief of the Ganga army was called?
A) Dandanayaka
B) Senadhipati
C) Mahamandaleshwara
D) Nadabova
Answer: A) Dandanayaka
Explanation: Dandanayaka was the chief military officer.
53. Which Ganga king fought against Pallavas successfully?
A) Durvinita
B) Avinita
C) Sripurusha
D) Rachamalla II
Answer: A) Durvinita
Explanation: Durvinita defeated Pallavas, consolidating Ganga power.
54. The famous battle of Vilande (c. 750 CE) was fought between?
A) Gangas and Chalukyas
B) Gangas and Rashtrakutas
C) Gangas and Pallavas
D) Gangas and Cholas
Answer: C) Gangas and Pallavas
Explanation: Sripurusha Ganga defeated Pallava king Nandivarman at Vilande.
55. Which Ganga king assumed the title “Permadi”?
A) Avinita
B) Durvinita
C) Sripurusha
D) Butuga II
Answer: C) Sripurusha
Explanation: Sripurusha adopted the title “Permadi” after his victory at Vilande.
56. Sripurusha’s rule was noted for?
A) Peace and prosperity
B) Defeating Pallavas
C) Patronizing Jainism
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Sripurusha (726–788 CE) brought stability, victory, and Jain patronage.
57. The Gangas became feudatories of Rashtrakutas during whose reign?
A) Avinita
B) Durvinita
C) Sripurusha
D) Rachamalla I
Answer: D) Rachamalla I
Explanation: By Rachamalla I’s time (9th century), Gangas accepted Rashtrakuta overlordship.
58. Which Rashtrakuta king maintained close ties with the Gangas?
A) Dantidurga
B) Govinda III
C) Amoghavarsha I
D) Krishna I
Answer: C) Amoghavarsha I
Explanation: Amoghavarsha I married a Ganga princess; Gangas supported Rashtrakutas militarily.
59. The famous Ganga general and minister, Chavundaraya, served under which kings?
A) Avinita and Durvinita
B) Butuga II and Marasimha II
C) Sripurusha and Rachamalla
D) Ereyappa and Srivikrama
Answer: B) Butuga II and Marasimha II
Explanation: Chavundaraya (10th century) was minister and commander under Butuga II and Marasimha II.
60. The Rashtrakuta king Krishna III rewarded Butuga II with large territories for helping him defeat?
A) Cholas at Takkolam
B) Pallavas at Vilande
C) Chalukyas at Badami
D) Hoysalas at Belur
Answer: A) Cholas at Takkolam
Explanation: In the Battle of Takkolam (949 CE), Butuga II helped Rashtrakutas defeat Cholas, gaining lands.
61. The Battle of Takkolam (949 CE) was fought between?
A) Rashtrakutas (with Gangas) vs. Cholas
B) Gangas vs. Pallavas
C) Chalukyas vs. Gangas
D) Hoysalas vs. Cholas
Answer: A) Rashtrakutas (with Gangas) vs. Cholas
Explanation: Butuga II fought alongside Rashtrakutas against Chola prince Rajaditya, who was killed in battle.
62. The death of Chola prince Rajaditya at Takkolam was caused by?
A) Krishna III himself
B) Butuga II (with help of a Ganga warrior)
C) Chavundaraya
D) Hoysalas
Answer: B) Butuga II (with help of a Ganga warrior)
Explanation: Butuga II’s Ganga army killed Rajaditya, securing Rashtrakuta victory.
63. The decline of Rashtrakutas weakened the Gangas and led to rise of?
A) Hoysalas
B) Cholas
C) Vijayanagara
D) Bahmanis
Answer: B) Cholas
Explanation: With Rashtrakuta decline (late 10th century), Cholas invaded Karnataka and defeated Gangas.
64. The last important ruler of Gangas before Chola conquest was?
A) Durvinita
B) Sripurusha
C) Rachamalla IV
D) Marasimha II
Answer: C) Rachamalla IV
Explanation: Rachamalla IV (975–986 CE) was among the last independent rulers before Chola domination.
65. After Gangas, Talakadu was occupied by?
A) Cholas under Rajaraja I
B) Hoysalas under Vishnuvardhana
C) Chalukyas of Badami
D) Vijayanagara kings
Answer: A) Cholas under Rajaraja I
Explanation: Rajaraja Chola I conquered Talakadu around 1000 CE.
66. Which Ganga ruler bore the title “Satya Vākya”?
A) Durvinita
B) Sripurusha
C) Rachamalla I
D) Butuga II
Answer: B) Sripurusha
Explanation: Sripurusha assumed the title Satya Vākya, meaning “Truthful Word.”
67. The Gangas were sometimes called?
A) Ganga Mahamandaleshwaras
B) Ganga-nadichakravartis
C) Konganivarmas
D) Western Gangas
Answer: D) Western Gangas
Explanation: Historians also call them Western (Southern) Gangas, distinct from Eastern Gangas of Kalinga.
68. The Ganga kingdom was mainly located in?
A) Northern Karnataka
B) Southern Karnataka (Mysuru–Kolar region)
C) Coastal Karnataka
D) Maharashtra
Answer: B) Southern Karnataka (Mysuru–Kolar region)
Explanation: Gangas ruled southern Karnataka, parts of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.
69. The feudal class of warriors who supported Gangas militarily were?
A) Mahajanas
B) Gavundas
C) Dandanayakas
D) Nadabovas
Answer: B) Gavundas
Explanation: Gavundas were powerful landlords, providing troops and resources to the Ganga state.
70. The Ganga kings adopted the title “Permanadi” to signify?
A) Independent sovereignty
B) Feudal loyalty
C) Devotion to Jainism
D) Temple patronage
Answer: A) Independent sovereignty
Explanation: “Permanadi” indicated supreme royal authority.
71. The Gangas were subjugated by Cholas during the reign of?
A) Rajaraja I
B) Rajendra I
C) Kulottunga I
D) Aditya I
Answer: A) Rajaraja I
Explanation: Rajaraja Chola I (985–1014 CE) conquered Ganga territory.
72. Which Ganga feudatory continued to hold influence under Cholas?
A) Chavundaraya’s family
B) Butuga’s descendants
C) Nolambas
D) Konganivarma’s descendants
Answer: B) Butuga’s descendants
Explanation: Some Butuga line descendants held small territories under Cholas.
73. The military role of Gangas is remembered today through which monument?
A) Gommateshwara statue
B) Hero stones (Virgal)
C) Belur temples
D) Banavasi temple
Answer: B) Hero stones (Virgal)
Explanation: Virgal (hero stones) were erected to honor Ganga warriors who died in battle.
74. Which Ganga king minted coins with the legend “Bhadradipa”?
A) Durvinita
B) Sripurusha
C) Rachamalla
D) Butuga II
Answer: B) Sripurusha
Explanation: Sripurusha’s coins carried the legend “Bhadradipa”, meaning “auspicious lamp.”
75. The legacy of the Ganga military and culture is best preserved at?
A) Hampi
B) Talakadu and Shravanabelagola
C) Halebidu
D) Aihole
Answer: B) Talakadu and Shravanabelagola
Explanation: Ganga heritage survives at Talakadu (capital ruins) and Shravanabelagola (Jain monuments, hero stones).
76. The Gangas of Talakadu are remembered mainly for their patronage of?
A) Jainism
B) Buddhism
C) Islam
D) Christianity
Answer: A) Jainism
Explanation: The Gangas are most remembered for Jain patronage, especially the Gommateshwara statue at Shravanabelagola.
77. The famous Gommateshwara statue at Shravanabelagola represents?
A) Mahavira
B) Bahubali
C) Rishabhanatha
D) Neminatha
Answer: B) Bahubali
Explanation: The 57-feet monolith represents Bahubali, son of Jain Tirthankara Rishabhanatha.
78. The Gommateshwara statue was consecrated in which year?
A) 600 CE
B) 890 CE
C) 981 CE
D) 1050 CE
Answer: C) 981 CE
Explanation: Chavundaraya built the Gommateshwara statue in 981 CE.
79. The material used to build the Gommateshwara statue is?
A) Granite
B) Sandstone
C) Marble
D) Basalt
Answer: A) Granite
Explanation: The statue is carved out of a single block of granite, one of the largest monolithic statues in the world.
80. The Ganga rulers issued inscriptions mainly in?
A) Kannada and Sanskrit
B) Pali and Prakrit
C) Tamil and Telugu
D) Marathi and Persian
Answer: A) Kannada and Sanskrit
Explanation: Kannada was used for administration, Sanskrit for eulogies and religious texts.
81. The Begur inscription (890 CE) is important because it mentions?
A) Bengaluru
B) Talakadu
C) Shravanabelagola
D) Kolar
Answer: A) Bengaluru
Explanation: It is the earliest record of the name Bengaluru, under Ganga rule.
82. The “Satya Vākya” title was commonly used by?
A) Rashtrakutas
B) Hoysalas
C) Ganga rulers
D) Cholas
Answer: C) Ganga rulers
Explanation: Satya Vākya became a dynastic title of Ganga kings.
83. The Nolamba dynasty was closely allied with?
A) Gangas
B) Pallavas
C) Cholas
D) Hoysalas
Answer: A) Gangas
Explanation: The Nolambas were Ganga feudatories ruling parts of Andhra–Karnataka.
84. The Gangas are credited with which architectural contribution?
A) Kadamba Nagara style
B) Early Dravidian style in Karnataka
C) Hoysala star-shaped temples
D) Vijayanagara gopuras
Answer: B) Early Dravidian style in Karnataka
Explanation: They built early stone temples in Dravidian style, e.g., at Talakadu.
85. The famous Panchakuta Basadi (five shrined Jain temple) at Kambadahalli was built by?
A) Sripurusha
B) Rachamalla II
C) Marasimha II
D) Chavundaraya
Answer: C) Marasimha II
Explanation: The Panchakuta Basadi at Kambadahalli (near Mandya) is a Ganga-period Jain temple.
86. The “Chavundaraya Purana” is written in?
A) Kannada prose
B) Kannada poetry
C) Sanskrit
D) Tamil
Answer: A) Kannada prose
Explanation: Chavundaraya Purana (978 CE) is the first extant Kannada prose work.
87. The Gangas encouraged which practice in honor of warriors?
A) Hero stones (Virgal)
B) Naval expeditions
C) Sangam assemblies
D) Temple car festivals
Answer: A) Hero stones (Virgal)
Explanation: Virgal (memorial stones) honored warriors who died in battle.
88. Which practice of Jainism was respected under Ganga patronage?
A) Sallekhana (ritual fasting to death)
B) Idol worship
C) Fire sacrifice
D) Temple donations only
Answer: A) Sallekhana
Explanation: The Gangas respected Sallekhana, a Jain vow of peaceful death by fasting.
89. The last known independent Ganga king was?
A) Rachamalla IV
B) Marasimha II
C) Durvinita
D) Avinita
Answer: A) Rachamalla IV
Explanation: Rachamalla IV (975–986 CE) was the last strong ruler before Chola conquest.
90. Which Chola king conquered Gangavadi (southern Karnataka)?
A) Rajaraja I
B) Rajendra I
C) Kulottunga I
D) Aditya I
Answer: A) Rajaraja I
Explanation: Rajaraja I defeated the Gangas around 1000 CE, annexing Gangavadi.
91. The Gangas are linked with which famous inscriptional evidence for women warriors?
A) Begur inscription
B) Hero stones
C) Atakur inscription
D) Kambadahalli inscription
Answer: C) Atakur inscription
Explanation: The Atakur inscription mentions women warriors who died in battle.
92. The Atakur inscription (near Mysuru) commemorates the victory of?
A) Butuga II with Rashtrakutas over Cholas
B) Durvinita over Pallavas
C) Sripurusha over Pallavas
D) Nolambas over Hoysalas
Answer: A) Butuga II with Rashtrakutas over Cholas
Explanation: It records Butuga II’s victory in the Battle of Takkolam (949 CE).
93. The Gangas contributed most to the development of?
A) Kannada literature
B) Tamil Sangam works
C) Persian chronicles
D) Telugu poetry
Answer: A) Kannada literature
Explanation: They patronized early Kannada prose, poetry, and inscriptions.
94. Who among the following poets was patronized by Gangas?
A) Ranna
B) Ponna
C) Pampa
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: The “Three gems of Kannada literature” – Pampa, Ponna, Ranna – had indirect links with Ganga–Rashtrakuta culture.
95. The political importance of Gangas declined mainly because?
A) Internal feuds
B) Rashtrakuta decline
C) Chola invasions
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Weak rulers, loss of Rashtrakuta support, and Chola expansion caused Ganga downfall.
96. The Gangas were absorbed into which empire after their fall?
A) Chalukyas of Kalyani
B) Cholas
C) Hoysalas
D) Vijayanagara
Answer: B) Cholas
Explanation: Their kingdom, Gangavadi, became part of the Chola empire.
97. The Gangas’ contribution to temple architecture is seen in?
A) Dravidian style with simple towers
B) Hoysala stellate temples
C) Vijayanagara gopuras
D) Chola vimanas
Answer: A) Dravidian style with simple towers
Explanation: Ganga temples were early Dravidian shrines with plain shikharas.
98. The Gangas’ long rule (350–1000 CE) is significant because?
A) They bridged early and medieval Karnataka dynasties
B) They patronized Jainism
C) They promoted Kannada
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Gangas’ contribution is political continuity, Jain patronage, and language promotion.
99. The annual festival held at Shravanabelagola in honor of Bahubali is?
A) Dasara
B) Mahamastakabhisheka
C) Rathotsava
D) Kadambotsava
Answer: B) Mahamastakabhisheka
Explanation: Mahamastakabhisheka (every 12 years) is the grand anointing of Bahubali statue.
100. The greatest legacy of the Gangas of Talakadu in Karnataka history is?
A) Military power
B) Economic prosperity
C) Jain art, architecture & Kannada culture
D) Maritime trade
Answer: C) Jain art, architecture & Kannada culture
Explanation: The Gangas’ true legacy lies in Jain monuments (Shravanabelagola), Kannada inscriptions, and cultural patronage.