1. The Bijapur Sultanate was founded in which year?
a) 1489
b) 1490
c) 1500
d) 1518
Answer: b) 1490
Explanation: The Bijapur Sultanate was established in 1490 after the breakup of the Bahmani Sultanate.
2. Who was the founder of the Bijapur Sultanate?
a) Yusuf Adil Shah
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah I
c) Ali Adil Shah I
d) Ismail Adil Shah
Answer: a) Yusuf Adil Shah
Explanation: Yusuf Adil Shah, a former Bahmani governor of Bijapur, founded the Adil Shahi dynasty.
3. The rulers of Bijapur belonged to which dynasty?
a) Qutb Shahi
b) Adil Shahi
c) Barid Shahi
d) Nizam Shahi
Answer: b) Adil Shahi
Explanation: They were called the Adil Shahis of Bijapur, ruling from 1490 to 1686.
4. Yusuf Adil Shah was originally from:
a) Persia
b) Turkey
c) Arabia
d) Central Asia
Answer: b) Turkey
Explanation: He was said to be of Turkish origin, some legends even claim him as an Ottoman prince.
5. The Bijapur Sultanate’s capital was:
a) Bidar
b) Gulbarga
c) Bijapur
d) Golkonda
Answer: c) Bijapur
Explanation: Bijapur (Vijayapura) in Karnataka was its capital.
6. Which Sultan of Bijapur was a contemporary of Krishnadevaraya of Vijayanagara?
a) Yusuf Adil Shah
b) Ismail Adil Shah
c) Ibrahim Adil Shah I
d) Ali Adil Shah I
Answer: b) Ismail Adil Shah
Explanation: Ismail Adil Shah (1510–1534) ruled during Krishnadevaraya’s reign.
7. Who was the son and successor of Yusuf Adil Shah?
a) Ibrahim Adil Shah I
b) Ismail Adil Shah
c) Ali Adil Shah I
d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Answer: b) Ismail Adil Shah
Explanation: Yusuf was succeeded by his son Ismail Adil Shah in 1510.
8. The Bahmani kingdom broke into how many Sultanates, of which Bijapur was one?
a) 3
b) 5
c) 6
d) 7
Answer: b) 5
Explanation: Bijapur was one of the five Deccan Sultanates (others: Ahmadnagar, Golkonda, Bidar, Berar).
9. The rulers of Bijapur fought frequently with:
a) Vijayanagara Empire
b) Mughals
c) Portuguese
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Bijapur faced conflicts with Vijayanagara, Portuguese (Goa), and later Mughals.
10. Goa was captured by the Portuguese in 1510 from:
a) Bijapur Sultanate
b) Bahmani Sultanate
c) Golkonda Sultanate
d) Vijayanagara Empire
Answer: a) Bijapur Sultanate
Explanation: Goa was seized by Alfonso de Albuquerque from Yusuf Adil Shah’s successor, Ismail Adil Shah.
11. Which Bijapur ruler allied with other Deccan Sultanates to defeat Vijayanagara at Talikota (1565)?
a) Ismail Adil Shah
b) Ali Adil Shah I
c) Ibrahim Adil Shah I
d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Answer: b) Ali Adil Shah I
Explanation: Ali Adil Shah I (1558–1579) was a key figure in the Battle of Talikota (1565).
12. The famous Battle of Talikota (1565) was fought between:
a) Bahmanis and Mughals
b) Deccan Sultanates and Vijayanagara
c) Bijapur and Portuguese
d) Marathas and Mughals
Answer: b) Deccan Sultanates and Vijayanagara
Explanation: The Deccan Sultanates (Bijapur, Golkonda, Ahmadnagar, Bidar, Berar) defeated Vijayanagara.
13. Which Bijapur Sultan was known as “Jagat Guru” for his liberal patronage of Hindu and Muslim art?
a) Ali Adil Shah I
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
c) Muhammad Adil Shah
d) Ismail Adil Shah
Answer: b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: Ibrahim Adil Shah II (1580–1627) promoted Hindu-Muslim unity and was called “Jagat Guru.”
14. Ibrahim Adil Shah II composed a famous book on music and culture called:
a) Tughlaq Nama
b) Kitab-i-Navras
c) Futuhat-i-Firozshahi
d) Akbarnama
Answer: b) Kitab-i-Navras
Explanation: His Kitab-i-Navras praised music, art, and the goddess Saraswati.
15. Which Bijapur Sultan built the Gol Gumbaz, the largest dome in India?
a) Ali Adil Shah I
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
c) Muhammad Adil Shah
d) Yusuf Adil Shah
Answer: c) Muhammad Adil Shah
Explanation: Gol Gumbaz was built by Muhammad Adil Shah (1627–1656) as his tomb.
16. The whispering gallery is a unique feature of which monument?
a) Charminar
b) Gol Gumbaz
c) Jama Masjid of Gulbarga
d) Ibrahim Rauza
Answer: b) Gol Gumbaz
Explanation: The whispering gallery inside Gol Gumbaz carries even the faintest sound across the dome.
17. The Bijapur Sultanate reached its cultural peak under:
a) Yusuf Adil Shah
b) Ismail Adil Shah
c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
d) Ali Adil Shah I
Answer: c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: He encouraged music, painting, architecture, and literature, earning fame as a patron of art.
18. Who shifted the Bijapur court’s focus more towards arts and music than warfare?
a) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
b) Yusuf Adil Shah
c) Ali Adil Shah I
d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Answer: a) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: Known as “Jagat Guru,” he balanced religion and art.
19. The Bijapur Sultanate was annexed by the Mughals in:
a) 1681
b) 1686
c) 1690
d) 1707
Answer: b) 1686
Explanation: Aurangzeb annexed Bijapur in 1686, ending Adil Shahi rule.
20. Who was the last ruler of the Adil Shahi dynasty of Bijapur?
a) Muhammad Adil Shah
b) Sikandar Adil Shah
c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
d) Ali Adil Shah II
Answer: b) Sikandar Adil Shah
Explanation: Sikandar Adil Shah (1672–1686) was the last ruler, defeated by Aurangzeb.
21. Which Bijapur Sultan had close relations with the famous saint Ibrahim Zubairi?
a) Yusuf Adil Shah
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
c) Ali Adil Shah I
d) Ismail Adil Shah
Answer: b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: He patronized Sufi saints and Hindu saints alike.
22. The Ibrahim Rauza in Bijapur, known as the “Taj Mahal of Deccan,” was built by:
a) Ali Adil Shah I
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
c) Muhammad Adil Shah
d) Yusuf Adil Shah
Answer: b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: The Ibrahim Rauza is his tomb complex, praised for symmetry.
23. The Adil Shahis were great patrons of:
a) Persian art and literature
b) Dakhani literature and music
c) Kannada literature
d) Both a and b
Answer: d) Both a and b
Explanation: They promoted Persian as well as Dakhani (proto-Urdu) literature.
24. The Bijapur Sultanate was famous for which art form?
a) Bidriware (metal inlay art)
b) Mysore paintings
c) Chola bronzes
d) Hoysala sculptures
Answer: a) Bidriware (metal inlay art)
Explanation: Bidriware, with silver inlay on black metal, was developed in Bijapur.
25. Bijapur rulers contributed richly to:
a) Music and painting
b) Literature
c) Architecture
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: They left a unique legacy in art, architecture, music, literature, and craft.
26. The official court language of Bijapur Sultanate was:
a) Urdu
b) Persian
c) Dakhani
d) Arabic
Answer: b) Persian
Explanation: Persian was the official language, but Dakhani (proto-Urdu) developed as a popular cultural language.
27. The Adil Shahi administration was divided into provinces known as:
a) Sarkars
b) Subas
c) Tarafs
d) Mandals
Answer: c) Tarafs
Explanation: Similar to Bahmanis, the Bijapur Sultanate was divided into Tarafs, governed by Tarafdars.
28. The Bijapur Sultanate’s revenue system was mainly based on:
a) Maritime trade
b) Agriculture land revenue
c) Military tributes
d) Mining
Answer: b) Agriculture land revenue
Explanation: Like other medieval states, the major income source was land revenue.
29. Land revenue in Bijapur was usually fixed at:
a) 1/2 of the produce
b) 1/4 to 1/3 of the produce
c) 1/6 of the produce
d) A fixed cash tax
Answer: b) 1/4 to 1/3 of the produce
Explanation: Revenue was generally one-fourth to one-third of agricultural produce.
30. The Adil Shahis were known for promoting which composite language and culture?
a) Hindavi
b) Dakhani
c) Konkani
d) Marathi
Answer: b) Dakhani
Explanation: Dakhani, a blend of Persian, Arabic, Marathi, Kannada, and Telugu, flourished in Bijapur.
31. The Bijapur rulers followed which religion?
a) Sunni Islam
b) Shia Islam
c) Both Sunni and Shia (with tolerance)
d) Hinduism
Answer: c) Both Sunni and Shia (with tolerance)
Explanation: The Adil Shahis were mostly Shia, but tolerated Sunnis and Hindus.
32. The nobility in Bijapur was composed of:
a) Afghans and Turks only
b) Local Muslims and Persians
c) Both Dakhanis (locals) and Afaqis (foreigners)
d) Hindus only
Answer: c) Both Dakhanis (locals) and Afaqis (foreigners)
Explanation: Like Bahmanis, Bijapur nobles were divided into Dakhanis and Afaqis.
33. The Adil Shahi rulers were famous for encouraging which unique art form?
a) Mysore paintings
b) Deccani miniature paintings
c) Chola bronzes
d) Ajanta murals
Answer: b) Deccani miniature paintings
Explanation: Deccani painting school flourished in Bijapur and Ahmadnagar.
34. Which Sultan was a great patron of music and painting, even calling himself “Jagat Guru”?
a) Yusuf Adil Shah
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
c) Ali Adil Shah I
d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Answer: b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: Ibrahim II blended Hindu-Muslim traditions and was called “Jagat Guru.”
35. Ibrahim Adil Shah II’s famous book “Kitab-i-Navras” was about:
a) Military strategy
b) Music and culture
c) Architecture
d) Agriculture
Answer: b) Music and culture
Explanation: The Kitab-i-Navras celebrates music, art, and religious harmony.
36. The Bijapur rulers promoted which craft that became world-famous?
a) Bronze casting
b) Bidriware (metal inlay art)
c) Silk weaving
d) Terracotta
Answer: b) Bidriware (metal inlay art)
Explanation: Bidriware (silver inlay on blackened metal) originated in Bijapur.
37. The Ibrahim Rauza is often called the:
a) Red Fort of South India
b) Taj Mahal of the Deccan
c) Charminar of Karnataka
d) Whispering gallery
Answer: b) Taj Mahal of the Deccan
Explanation: The Ibrahim Rauza is admired for its symmetry and beauty.
38. The Gol Gumbaz, built by Muhammad Adil Shah, is famous for:
a) Tallest minarets in India
b) Largest dome in India
c) Rich paintings
d) Hindu sculptures
Answer: b) Largest dome in India
Explanation: The Gol Gumbaz has the largest dome in India and a unique whispering gallery.
39. The social life in Bijapur was influenced by:
a) Only Persian culture
b) Hindu-Muslim cultural fusion
c) Greek culture
d) Roman influence
Answer: b) Hindu-Muslim cultural fusion
Explanation: Bijapur was a centre of syncretic culture, combining Islamic and local traditions.
40. Which community provided significant military support to the Bijapur Sultanate?
a) Marathas
b) Rajputs
c) Jats
d) Afghans
Answer: a) Marathas
Explanation: Maratha chiefs were employed in Bijapur’s military service.
41. The Bijapur Sultanate encouraged which form of literature most?
a) Sanskrit epics
b) Dakhani poetry
c) Greek philosophy
d) Latin works
Answer: b) Dakhani poetry
Explanation: Many Dakhani poets like Hashmi and Nusrati were patronized.
42. Nusrati, the famous Dakhani poet, was associated with the court of:
a) Yusuf Adil Shah
b) Ali Adil Shah II
c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Answer: d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Explanation: Poet Nusrati flourished during Muhammad Adil Shah’s reign.
43. The Bijapur Sultans gave grants to:
a) Only Muslim scholars
b) Only Hindu temples
c) Both Hindu and Muslim institutions
d) Neither
Answer: c) Both Hindu and Muslim institutions
Explanation: They were known for religious tolerance and support to all communities.
44. The Adil Shahi rulers built several mosques and madrasas, the most famous being:
a) Charminar
b) Jama Masjid, Bijapur
c) Qutb Shahi Tombs
d) Ibrahim Rauza
Answer: b) Jama Masjid, Bijapur
Explanation: The Jama Masjid of Bijapur, begun by Ali Adil Shah I, is a masterpiece.
45. The economy of Bijapur benefited most from:
a) Textile trade
b) Diamond mines
c) Spice trade via Goa
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Bijapur’s economy grew through trade, agriculture, and mining.
46. Which Bijapur ruler was called “Akbar of the Deccan” for his cultural policies?
a) Muhammad Adil Shah
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
c) Ali Adil Shah I
d) Yusuf Adil Shah
Answer: b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: Like Akbar, he promoted secularism and art.
47. Bijapur’s architecture shows a blend of:
a) Persian and Indian styles
b) Greek and Roman styles
c) Buddhist and Hindu styles
d) Gothic and European styles
Answer: a) Persian and Indian styles
Explanation: Indo-Persian architecture reached its peak under Bijapur Sultans.
48. Which Bijapur Sultan was a skilled calligrapher and poet himself?
a) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
b) Yusuf Adil Shah
c) Ali Adil Shah I
d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Answer: a) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: He was not just a patron but also a poet and musician.
49. Bijapur coins were mostly minted in:
a) Gold and silver only
b) Silver and copper
c) Copper only
d) Gold only
Answer: b) Silver and copper
Explanation: The Adil Shahi coinage system was based on silver tankas and copper fulus.
50. The Adil Shahis left their strongest legacy in:
a) Trade and industry
b) Language and art
c) Architecture and culture
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Their reign enriched the Deccan’s political, economic, and cultural heritage.
51. The Bijapur Sultanate was one of the five successor states of:
a) Delhi Sultanate
b) Bahmani Sultanate
c) Mughal Empire
d) Vijayanagara Empire
Answer: b) Bahmani Sultanate
Explanation: In 1490, Bijapur emerged as an independent kingdom after Bahmani disintegration.
52. The Bijapur Sultans were constantly at war with which southern empire?
a) Marathas
b) Vijayanagara
c) Cholas
d) Hoysalas
Answer: b) Vijayanagara
Explanation: Raichur Doab was the most contested region between them.
53. The Battle of Talikota (1565) was fought during the reign of:
a) Yusuf Adil Shah
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah I
c) Ali Adil Shah I
d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Answer: c) Ali Adil Shah I
Explanation: Ali Adil Shah I allied with other Deccan Sultans to defeat Vijayanagara.
54. In the Battle of Talikota (1565), Vijayanagara ruler ______ was defeated.
a) Harihara Raya II
b) Krishnadevaraya
c) Aliya Rama Raya
d) Venkata II
Answer: c) Aliya Rama Raya
Explanation: Aliya Rama Raya of Vijayanagara was captured and executed.
55. Which Bijapur Sultan participated in the destruction of Hampi after Talikota?
a) Ismail Adil Shah
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah I
c) Ali Adil Shah I
d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Answer: c) Ali Adil Shah I
Explanation: The Vijayanagara capital Hampi was looted and destroyed by Deccan Sultans’ armies.
56. The Bijapur Sultanate faced frequent conflicts with which European power for control over Goa?
a) French
b) Dutch
c) Portuguese
d) British
Answer: c) Portuguese
Explanation: The Portuguese captured Goa from Bijapur in 1510 and defended it against Adil Shahi attempts.
57. Which Bijapur Sultan allied with the Portuguese against Vijayanagara?
a) Ismail Adil Shah
b) Ali Adil Shah I
c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Answer: b) Ali Adil Shah I
Explanation: He formed tactical alliances with the Portuguese to balance power in Deccan.
58. The Bijapur Sultanate employed which group extensively in its military service?
a) Marathas
b) Afghans
c) Persians
d) Rajputs
Answer: a) Marathas
Explanation: Many Maratha chiefs served as generals and cavalry commanders.
59. Who was the famous Maratha leader that first rose to prominence in Bijapur service?
a) Shivaji
b) Shahji Bhonsle
c) Sambhaji
d) Maloji Bhonsle
Answer: d) Maloji Bhonsle
Explanation: Maloji Bhonsle, Shivaji’s grandfather, served the Bijapur Sultanate.
60. Shahji Bhonsle, father of Shivaji, also served in the court of:
a) Golconda
b) Vijayanagara
c) Bijapur
d) Ahmadnagar
Answer: c) Bijapur
Explanation: Shahji Bhonsle held a jagir under the Bijapur Sultanate.
61. Which Mughal emperor waged continuous wars against Bijapur?
a) Akbar
b) Jahangir
c) Shah Jahan
d) Aurangzeb
Answer: d) Aurangzeb
Explanation: Aurangzeb annexed Bijapur in 1686 after long campaigns.
62. Bijapur came under Mughal control finally in the year:
a) 1675
b) 1681
c) 1686
d) 1707
Answer: c) 1686
Explanation: Aurangzeb annexed Bijapur in 1686, ending Adil Shahi rule.
63. Who was the last ruler of Bijapur?
a) Ali Adil Shah II
b) Muhammad Adil Shah
c) Sikandar Adil Shah
d) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Answer: c) Sikandar Adil Shah
Explanation: Sikandar Adil Shah (1672–1686) was the last ruler, defeated by Aurangzeb.
64. The fall of Bijapur weakened which political group in Deccan?
a) Marathas
b) Deccan Sultanates
c) Mughals
d) Europeans
Answer: b) Deccan Sultanates
Explanation: With Bijapur’s fall, the balance of power shifted to the Mughals and Marathas.
65. Which Bijapur Sultan is remembered as a great warrior but poor administrator?
a) Yusuf Adil Shah
b) Ismail Adil Shah
c) Ali Adil Shah I
d) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Answer: c) Ali Adil Shah I
Explanation: He won Talikota but failed to consolidate Bijapur’s power.
66. The Mughal commander who annexed Bijapur under Aurangzeb was:
a) Mir Jumla
b) Shah Jahan
c) Prince Muazzam (later Bahadur Shah I)
d) Raja Jai Singh
Answer: c) Prince Muazzam (later Bahadur Shah I)
Explanation: Aurangzeb’s son, Prince Muazzam, led the final conquest.
67. Which Bijapur Sultan maintained friendly relations with Akbar?
a) Yusuf Adil Shah
b) Ali Adil Shah I
c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Answer: c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: His policies of tolerance and cultural patronage paralleled Akbar’s.
68. The Marathas under Shivaji revolted against Bijapur during the reign of:
a) Ali Adil Shah I
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
c) Ali Adil Shah II
d) Sikandar Adil Shah
Answer: c) Ali Adil Shah II
Explanation: Ali Adil Shah II (1656–1672) faced Maratha resistance led by Shivaji.
69. The Bijapur Sultanate’s decline was accelerated due to:
a) Weak successors
b) Maratha rise
c) Mughal pressure
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Multiple factors, including Marathas and Mughals, weakened Bijapur.
70. The fortress of Bijapur was famous for its:
a) Earthen walls
b) Strong stone walls and cannons
c) Wooden gates
d) Buddhist stupas
Answer: b) Strong stone walls and cannons
Explanation: The fort was one of the strongest in medieval India, armed with giant cannons.
71. The largest cannon of Bijapur fort, Malik-e-Maidan, was cast in:
a) Iron
b) Bronze
c) Silver
d) Stone
Answer: b) Bronze
Explanation: The Malik-e-Maidan cannon is a huge bronze gun, still preserved in Bijapur.
72. Bijapur rulers often recruited soldiers from:
a) Central Asia and Africa
b) Only Karnataka region
c) Only Persia
d) Only Rajputs
Answer: a) Central Asia and Africa
Explanation: They imported soldiers, including Abyssinians (Habshis), for military service.
73. The Adil Shahis controlled which strategic trade route?
a) Malabar coast
b) Coromandel coast
c) Konkan coast
d) Bengal delta
Answer: c) Konkan coast
Explanation: The Konkan coast was crucial for their overseas trade and wars with Portuguese.
74. Who was ruling Bijapur when Aurangzeb attacked in 1686?
a) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
b) Ali Adil Shah I
c) Ali Adil Shah II
d) Sikandar Adil Shah
Answer: d) Sikandar Adil Shah
Explanation: Sikandar Adil Shah was young and weak, unable to resist Aurangzeb.
75. The Adil Shahi dynasty lasted for nearly:
a) 100 years
b) 150 years
c) 200 years
d) 250 years
Answer: c) 200 years
Explanation: From 1490 to 1686, Bijapur remained a powerful Deccan kingdom.
76. The Bijapur Sultanate was founded by Yusuf Adil Shah, who was earlier a governor under:
a) Vijayanagara Empire
b) Bahmani Sultanate
c) Mughal Empire
d) Delhi Sultanate
Answer: b) Bahmani Sultanate
Explanation: Yusuf Adil Shah was the governor of Bijapur province under the Bahmanis before declaring independence in 1490.
77. The Portuguese captured Goa from Bijapur during the reign of:
a) Yusuf Adil Shah
b) Ismail Adil Shah
c) Ali Adil Shah I
d) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Answer: b) Ismail Adil Shah
Explanation: Goa was taken in 1510 by the Portuguese from Ismail Adil Shah.
78. Which Bijapur Sultan was most tolerant towards Hindus and gave grants to temples?
a) Muhammad Adil Shah
b) Ali Adil Shah I
c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
d) Sikandar Adil Shah
Answer: c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: Called Jagat Guru, he composed hymns in praise of Hindu deities.
79. The Bijapur Sultanate’s coinage mainly included:
a) Gold mohur and silver rupee
b) Silver tanka and copper fulus
c) Only gold dinar
d) Only copper coins
Answer: b) Silver tanka and copper fulus
Explanation: Their coins were similar to Bahmani patterns.
80. The Bijapur Sultan who allied with Deccan Sultanates against Vijayanagara at Talikota was:
a) Ibrahim Adil Shah I
b) Ali Adil Shah I
c) Muhammad Adil Shah
d) Sikandar Adil Shah
Answer: b) Ali Adil Shah I
Explanation: He was a key leader in the Battle of Talikota (1565).
81. Who was the ruler of Vijayanagara defeated at Talikota?
a) Harihara II
b) Deva Raya II
c) Aliya Rama Raya
d) Venkata II
Answer: c) Aliya Rama Raya
Explanation: He was captured and executed, leading to the fall of Vijayanagara.
82. The Ibrahim Rauza, often called the “Taj Mahal of the Deccan,” was built by:
a) Ali Adil Shah I
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
c) Yusuf Adil Shah
d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Answer: b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: It is his tomb complex, admired for its perfect symmetry.
83. Who built the Gol Gumbaz, famous for its whispering gallery?
a) Ali Adil Shah I
b) Muhammad Adil Shah
c) Ismail Adil Shah
d) Ibrahim Adil Shah I
Answer: b) Muhammad Adil Shah
Explanation: Gol Gumbaz is his mausoleum and a marvel of Deccan architecture.
84. The Malik-e-Maidan, one of the largest medieval cannons, is located at:
a) Hampi
b) Bijapur Fort
c) Bidar Fort
d) Golconda Fort
Answer: b) Bijapur Fort
Explanation: It was cast in bronze and is a symbol of Bijapur’s military power.
85. Who was the last ruler of the Adil Shahi dynasty?
a) Ali Adil Shah II
b) Muhammad Adil Shah
c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
d) Sikandar Adil Shah
Answer: d) Sikandar Adil Shah
Explanation: He was defeated by Aurangzeb in 1686.
86. Bijapur Sultanate came under Mughal rule in the reign of:
a) Akbar
b) Jahangir
c) Shah Jahan
d) Aurangzeb
Answer: d) Aurangzeb
Explanation: Aurangzeb personally led campaigns in Deccan and annexed Bijapur.
87. The Mughal prince who captured Bijapur for Aurangzeb was:
a) Dara Shikoh
b) Prince Muazzam (later Bahadur Shah I)
c) Murad
d) Khusrau
Answer: b) Prince Muazzam
Explanation: Prince Muazzam led the campaign that ended Bijapur’s independence.
88. The Marathas under Shivaji first gained prominence by revolting against:
a) Golkonda Sultanate
b) Bijapur Sultanate
c) Mughal Empire
d) Portuguese
Answer: b) Bijapur Sultanate
Explanation: Shivaji’s initial campaigns targeted Bijapur forts and jagirs.
89. Who was Shivaji’s father, a general in Bijapur’s service?
a) Sambhaji
b) Shahji Bhonsle
c) Maloji Bhonsle
d) Shahuji
Answer: b) Shahji Bhonsle
Explanation: Shahji Bhonsle held jagirs under Bijapur Sultanate.
90. Which Bijapur ruler tried to suppress Shivaji but failed?
a) Ali Adil Shah I
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
c) Ali Adil Shah II
d) Sikandar Adil Shah
Answer: c) Ali Adil Shah II
Explanation: During Ali Adil Shah II’s reign, Shivaji expanded Maratha power.
91. The decline of Bijapur was hastened by:
a) Internal succession disputes
b) Rising Maratha power
c) Mughal invasions
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: Bijapur fell due to multiple simultaneous pressures.
92. Which art form from Bijapur became famous worldwide?
a) Mysore painting
b) Bidriware
c) Chola bronze
d) Warli painting
Answer: b) Bidriware
Explanation: Originating in Bidar and flourishing in Bijapur, Bidriware is a signature craft.
93. Who was the Bijapur ruler called “Akbar of the Deccan”?
a) Muhammad Adil Shah
b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
c) Ali Adil Shah I
d) Yusuf Adil Shah
Answer: b) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: His secularism and patronage of art mirrored Akbar’s policies.
94. Which Bijapur Sultan composed devotional songs in praise of Goddess Saraswati?
a) Yusuf Adil Shah
b) Ali Adil Shah I
c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
d) Muhammad Adil Shah
Answer: c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Explanation: His Kitab-i-Navras included praises to Saraswati and Ganapati.
95. The Jama Masjid at Bijapur was started by:
a) Ali Adil Shah I
b) Muhammad Adil Shah
c) Ibrahim Adil Shah II
d) Yusuf Adil Shah
Answer: a) Ali Adil Shah I
Explanation: It remains one of the finest mosques in Karnataka.
96. The Bijapur Sultanate’s army was notable for its:
a) Naval dominance
b) Strong cavalry and artillery
c) Guerrilla tactics
d) Weak infantry
Answer: b) Strong cavalry and artillery
Explanation: Bijapur’s cannons and cavalry made it a formidable power.
97. Which Deccan Sultanate lasted the longest before being annexed by the Mughals?
a) Ahmadnagar
b) Golconda
c) Bijapur
d) Bidar
Answer: c) Bijapur
Explanation: Bijapur survived until 1686, longer than most other Deccan Sultanates.
98. The architecture of Bijapur reflects a fusion of:
a) Indo-Persian and local Deccan styles
b) Greek and Roman styles
c) Dravidian and Buddhist styles
d) Mughal and European styles
Answer: a) Indo-Persian and local Deccan styles
Explanation: Its monuments blend Persian arches with local Deccan features.
99. The Adil Shahi dynasty lasted for approximately:
a) 100 years
b) 150 years
c) 200 years
d) 250 years
Answer: c) 200 years
Explanation: From 1490 to 1686, nearly 200 years.
100. The greatest legacy of Bijapur Sultanate in Karnataka history is:
a) Political dominance only
b) Fusion of Hindu-Muslim culture, art, music, and architecture
c) Expansion into North India
d) Maritime empire
Answer: b) Fusion of Hindu-Muslim culture, art, music, and architecture
Explanation: Bijapur enriched Deccan culture with monuments like Gol Gumbaz, Ibrahim Rauza, Bidriware, and Dakhani literature.