1. The highest mountain in the world is:
A) K2
B) Kangchenjunga
C) Mount Everest
D) Lhotse
Answer: C
Explanation: Mount Everest (8,848.86 m) lies on the Nepal–China border (Tibet) and is the highest peak on Earth.
2. Mount Everest is part of which range?
A) Karakoram
B) Himalayas
C) Hindu Kush
D) Pamirs
Answer: B
Explanation: Everest is in the Great Himalaya range, a part of the Himalayan system formed by the collision of Indian and Eurasian plates.
3. The second highest mountain in the world is:
A) Kangchenjunga
B) Makalu
C) K2
D) Lhotse
Answer: C
Explanation: K2 (8,611 m) lies in the Karakoram Range between Pakistan and China. It is considered more difficult to climb than Everest.
4. Kangchenjunga is located between:
A) Nepal and India (Sikkim)
B) Pakistan and China
C) India and Bhutan
D) Nepal and Tibet
Answer: A
Explanation: Kangchenjunga (8,586 m) is the 3rd highest mountain in the world, on the Nepal–Sikkim (India) border.
5. Which mountain is called “Savage Mountain” due to difficulty of climbing?
A) Mount Everest
B) K2
C) Annapurna
D) Lhotse
Answer: B
Explanation: K2 is nicknamed “Savage Mountain” due to severe weather and steep ascent.
6. The Karakoram Range is famous for:
A) World’s longest glaciers outside poles
B) Tallest volcanoes
C) Coastal mountains
D) Limestone hills
Answer: A
Explanation: The Karakoram includes glaciers like Siachen and Baltoro, the longest outside the polar regions.
7. Nanga Parbat is located in:
A) Nepal
B) India
C) Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan)
D) China
Answer: C
Explanation: Nanga Parbat (8,126 m) is the 9th highest peak in the world, nicknamed “Killer Mountain” due to climbing fatalities.
8. Annapurna is located in:
A) Nepal
B) India
C) Pakistan
D) Bhutan
Answer: A
Explanation: Annapurna I (8,091 m) is the 10th highest peak, located in north-central Nepal. It has one of the highest death rates among climbers.
9. The Pamir Mountains are often called:
A) Roof of the World
B) Savage Mountains
C) Andes of Asia
D) Himalayas of Europe
Answer: A
Explanation: Pamirs (in Tajikistan region) are a central knot of Asian mountains, hence “Roof of the World.”
10. The Hindu Kush mountains are mainly in:
A) Afghanistan
B) Nepal
C) Bhutan
D) Tibet
Answer: A
Explanation: The Hindu Kush extends across Afghanistan and northwest Pakistan, forming a barrier between Central and South Asia.
11. The Tian Shan Mountains are located in:
A) India
B) Central Asia (Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, China)
C) Afghanistan
D) Pakistan
Answer: B
Explanation: Tian Shan (“Celestial Mountains”) is one of the great ranges of Central Asia, rich in glaciers.
12. The Kunlun Mountains are in:
A) India
B) China
C) Nepal
D) Mongolia
Answer: B
Explanation: The Kunlun range runs across western China and is one of the longest mountain chains in Asia.
13. The Altai Mountains are shared by:
A) India and Nepal
B) Mongolia, China, Russia, Kazakhstan
C) Iran and Afghanistan
D) Myanmar and Thailand
Answer: B
Explanation: The Altai is a mountain system in Central Asia where Russia, China, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan meet.
14. The Zagros Mountains are in:
A) Iran and Iraq
B) Turkey
C) Pakistan
D) Saudi Arabia
Answer: A
Explanation: Zagros Mountains stretch across Iran and Iraq, rich in petroleum reserves.
15. The Elburz Mountains are located in:
A) Afghanistan
B) Iran (north, near Caspian Sea)
C) Pakistan
D) Nepal
Answer: B
Explanation: Mount Damavand (5,609 m), Iran’s highest peak, is in the Elburz range.
16. The Arakan Yoma range is in:
A) Myanmar
B) Nepal
C) Bhutan
D) India
Answer: A
Explanation: Arakan Yoma (Rakhine Yoma) runs along western Myanmar, separating Myanmar from the Bay of Bengal.
17. Mount Damavand (highest in Iran) is part of:
A) Zagros Mountains
B) Elburz Mountains
C) Karakoram
D) Pamirs
Answer: B
18. The mountains forming natural boundary between Europe and Asia are:
A) Alps
B) Urals
C) Caucasus
D) Pyrenees
Answer: B
Explanation: The Ural Mountains form a conventional boundary between Europe and Asia.
19. Which peak is the highest in India (entirely within Indian territory)?
A) Everest
B) Kangchenjunga
C) Nanda Devi
D) K2
Answer: C
Explanation: Nanda Devi (7,816 m) in Uttarakhand is India’s highest peak located entirely inside Indian borders.
20. Mount Kailash is part of which range?
A) Karakoram
B) Himalayas
C) Trans-Himalaya (Kailash Range, Tibet)
D) Hindu Kush
Answer: C
Explanation: Mount Kailash (6,638 m) in Tibet is sacred in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Bon.
21. The Sulaiman Range is in:
A) Afghanistan & Pakistan
B) Iran
C) Nepal
D) Myanmar
Answer: A
Explanation: Sulaiman Range is a mountain system in Pakistan and Afghanistan, important for monsoon barrier effect.
22. The Western Ghats in India are also known as:
A) Vindhya
B) Sahyadri Hills
C) Aravalli
D) Satpura
Answer: B
Explanation: Western Ghats are UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for biodiversity.
23. The Eastern Ghats in India run along:
A) Arabian Sea
B) Bay of Bengal
C) Himalayas
D) Indo-Burma border
Answer: B
Explanation: They run parallel to the Bay of Bengal, fragmented by rivers like Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna.
24. The Aravalli Hills are geologically:
A) Young fold mountains
B) Oldest fold mountains in India
C) Volcanic mountains
D) Block mountains
Answer: B
Explanation: Aravalli range (Rajasthan) is among the world’s oldest fold mountains (~3.2 billion years).
25. Which mountain pass connects Pakistan with China through Karakoram?
A) Nathula Pass
B) Shipki La
C) Khunjerab Pass
D) Khyber Pass
Answer: C
Explanation: Khunjerab Pass connects Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan) with China’s Xinjiang region, part of the Karakoram Highway.
26. The highest mountain in Europe is:
A) Mont Blanc
B) Mount Elbrus
C) Matterhorn
D) Mount Ararat
Answer: B
Explanation: Mount Elbrus (5,642 m), in the Caucasus Mountains of Russia, is considered the highest peak in Europe, lying north of the Caucasus crest.
27. Mont Blanc, the highest peak in the Alps, lies between:
A) Switzerland and Austria
B) France and Italy
C) Germany and Switzerland
D) Spain and France
Answer: B
Explanation: Mont Blanc (4,808 m) is shared by France and Italy, though often associated with France.
28. The Alps mountain range was formed due to collision of:
A) Indian and Eurasian plates
B) African and Eurasian plates
C) Arabian and Eurasian plates
D) Pacific and Eurasian plates
Answer: B
Explanation: The Alps were created by the convergence of the African and Eurasian plates, uplifting sedimentary rocks.
29. The Pyrenees Mountains form a boundary between:
A) France and Italy
B) France and Spain
C) Italy and Austria
D) Switzerland and Germany
Answer: B
Explanation: The Pyrenees stretch about 430 km, forming a natural frontier between France and Spain.
30. The highest peak of the Pyrenees is:
A) Aneto
B) Mont Blanc
C) Elbrus
D) Matterhorn
Answer: A
Explanation: Aneto (3,404 m) in Spain is the highest in the Pyrenees, located in Aragon.
31. The Carpathian Mountains are mainly spread across:
A) Spain and Portugal
B) Eastern and Central Europe (Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine)
C) Italy and France
D) Greece and Turkey
Answer: B
Explanation: The Carpathians form an arc across Central and Eastern Europe, enclosing Transylvania.
32. The highest peak of the Carpathians is:
A) Gerlachovský štít
B) Mont Blanc
C) Aneto
D) Rysy
Answer: A
Explanation: Gerlachovský štít (2,655 m) in Slovakia’s High Tatras is the highest peak of the Carpathians.
33. The Caucasus Mountains stretch between:
A) Black Sea and Caspian Sea
B) Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea
C) Atlantic and Arctic Oceans
D) Adriatic and Aegean Seas
Answer: A
Explanation: The Greater and Lesser Caucasus lie between the Black Sea (west) and Caspian Sea (east).
34. Mount Ararat, considered sacred in Armenia, lies in:
A) Armenia
B) Turkey
C) Georgia
D) Iran
Answer: B
Explanation: Mount Ararat (5,137 m) is in eastern Turkey, traditionally linked with Noah’s Ark.
35. Which mountains form the traditional boundary between Europe and Asia?
A) Alps
B) Pyrenees
C) Urals
D) Caucasus
Answer: C
Explanation: The Ural Mountains (Russia) are a conventional boundary dividing Europe and Asia.
36. The highest peak of the Urals is:
A) Narodnaya Mountain
B) Elbrus
C) Mont Blanc
D) Dykh-Tau
Answer: A
Explanation: Mount Narodnaya (1,895 m) is the tallest peak of the Ural Mountains.
37. The Apennine Mountains run through:
A) France
B) Italy
C) Spain
D) Germany
Answer: B
Explanation: Apennines run the length of Italy, forming the peninsula’s backbone.
38. The Balkan Mountains are located in:
A) Romania
B) Bulgaria
C) Greece
D) Turkey
Answer: B
Explanation: Known as Stara Planina, they cross Bulgaria from west to east.
39. The highest mountain in the British Isles is:
A) Snowdon
B) Scafell Pike
C) Ben Nevis
D) Slieve Donard
Answer: C
Explanation: Ben Nevis (1,345 m) in Scotland is the highest peak of the British Isles.
40. The Scandinavian Mountains are shared by:
A) Norway and Sweden
B) Finland and Denmark
C) Iceland and Norway
D) Sweden and Germany
Answer: A
Explanation: They stretch through Norway and Sweden, with extensions into Finland.
41. The Dinaric Alps are located in:
A) Spain
B) Italy
C) Balkan Peninsula (Croatia, Bosnia, Montenegro)
D) Greece
Answer: C
Explanation: The Dinaric Alps run parallel to the Adriatic coast across Balkan states.
42. The highest peak of the Alps is:
A) Matterhorn
B) Dufourspitze
C) Mont Blanc
D) Weisshorn
Answer: C
Explanation: Mont Blanc (4,808 m) is the highest peak of the Alps.
43. The Dolomites are a sub-range of the Alps in:
A) Switzerland
B) France
C) Northern Italy
D) Austria
Answer: C
Explanation: The Dolomites (UNESCO site) are limestone mountains in northern Italy.
44. The Pindus Mountains are mainly in:
A) Greece
B) Turkey
C) Bulgaria
D) Romania
Answer: A
Explanation: Pindus range extends across central Greece, often called the “spine of Greece.”
45. Which European mountain range is famous for fjords and glaciers?
A) Alps
B) Pyrenees
C) Scandinavian Mountains
D) Carpathians
Answer: C
Explanation: Fjords of Norway are carved by glaciers in the Scandinavian Mountains.
46. The highest mountain in the Caucasus after Elbrus is:
A) Shkhara
B) Dykh-Tau
C) Kazbek
D) Ararat
Answer: B
Explanation: Dykh-Tau (5,205 m, Russia) is the 2nd highest in the Caucasus.
47. Mount Kazbek is located in:
A) Russia
B) Georgia
C) Armenia
D) Turkey
Answer: B
Explanation: Mount Kazbek (5,033 m) is a dormant stratovolcano in Georgia.
48. The Pennine Mountains are mainly in:
A) Scotland
B) England
C) Ireland
D) France
Answer: B
Explanation: Known as the “backbone of England,” Pennines run north–south through England.
49. The Rhodope Mountains are shared by:
A) Greece and Bulgaria
B) France and Spain
C) Italy and Switzerland
D) Austria and Slovakia
Answer: A
Explanation: The Rhodopes extend across southern Bulgaria and northern Greece.
50. Which mountain range forms a natural barrier between Spain and France?
A) Alps
B) Pyrenees
C) Cantabrian Mountains
D) Apennines
Answer: B
Explanation: The Pyrenees act as the natural frontier between Spain and France.
51. The longest mountain range in the world is:
A) Rockies
B) Himalayas
C) Andes
D) Appalachians
Answer: C
Explanation: The Andes extend ~7,000 km along South America’s west coast, the world’s longest range.
52. The highest peak of the Andes is:
A) Huascarán
B) Mount Chimborazo
C) Aconcagua
D) Cotopaxi
Answer: C
Explanation: Aconcagua (6,961 m) in Argentina is the highest peak of the Andes and outside Asia.
53. The highest active volcano in the world is:
A) Mount Etna
B) Ojos del Salado
C) Cotopaxi
D) Mauna Loa
Answer: B
Explanation: Ojos del Salado (6,893 m) in Chile/Argentina is the highest active volcano.
54. Mount Chimborazo (Ecuador) is significant because:
A) It is the highest volcano in the world
B) It is the farthest point from the Earth’s center
C) It is the highest peak in South America
D) It is an island mountain
Answer: B
Explanation: Due to Earth’s equatorial bulge, Chimborazo’s summit is the farthest point from Earth’s center.
55. The Rocky Mountains stretch across:
A) USA and Canada
B) Mexico and Chile
C) Brazil and Argentina
D) Alaska and Greenland
Answer: A
Explanation: Rockies extend 4,800 km from British Columbia (Canada) to New Mexico (USA).
56. The highest peak of the Rockies is:
A) Mount Logan
B) Mount Elbert
C) Mount Rainier
D) Denali
Answer: B
Explanation: Mount Elbert (4,401 m) in Colorado is the highest peak of the Rockies.
57. The highest peak in North America is:
A) Mount Elbert
B) Mount McKinley (Denali)
C) Mount Fairweather
D) Mount Logan
Answer: B
Explanation: Denali (6,190 m) in Alaska is the highest in North America.
58. The Sierra Nevada Mountains are located in:
A) Canada
B) Western USA (California, Nevada)
C) Chile
D) Alaska
Answer: B
Explanation: Sierra Nevada includes Yosemite and Mount Whitney (highest peak in continental USA).
59. The highest peak in Canada is:
A) Mount Fairweather
B) Mount Logan
C) Mount Elbert
D) Denali
Answer: B
Explanation: Mount Logan (5,959 m) in Yukon is Canada’s highest peak.
60. The Cascade Range is found in:
A) Alaska
B) Western USA (Washington, Oregon, N. California)
C) Mexico
D) Canada only
Answer: B
Explanation: The Cascades are volcanic mountains including Mount St. Helens and Mount Rainier.
61. The Appalachians are located in:
A) Western USA
B) Eastern USA and Canada
C) Alaska
D) Mexico
Answer: B
Explanation: Appalachians run along eastern North America, older than Rockies.
62. The highest peak of the Appalachians is:
A) Mount Washington
B) Mount Mitchell
C) Mount Katahdin
D) Mount Marcy
Answer: B
Explanation: Mount Mitchell (2,037 m) in North Carolina is the highest in the Appalachians.
63. The Sierra Madre mountain system is in:
A) Canada
B) Mexico and Central America
C) Chile
D) Argentina
Answer: B
Explanation: Sierra Madre Occidental and Oriental run across Mexico.
64. The Cordillera Blanca (White Range) is located in:
A) Peru
B) Chile
C) Argentina
D) Bolivia
Answer: A
Explanation: It’s part of the Andes, containing Huascarán (Peru’s highest peak).
65. The Guiana Highlands are located in:
A) Brazil, Venezuela, Guyana
B) Chile, Peru, Ecuador
C) Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay
D) Mexico, Guatemala
Answer: A
Explanation: Known for Angel Falls, the world’s highest waterfall.
66. The Brazilian Highlands are:
A) Fold mountains
B) Block-fault mountains
C) Eroded ancient highlands
D) Volcanic mountains
Answer: C
Explanation: Formed of ancient crystalline rocks, they cover much of Brazil.
67. The Brooks Range is located in:
A) Alaska
B) Canada
C) Mexico
D) Chile
Answer: A
Explanation: The Brooks Range forms the northernmost mountains in Alaska.
68. The Alaska Range includes:
A) Mount McKinley (Denali)
B) Mount Logan
C) Mount Mitchell
D) Mount Elbert
Answer: A
Explanation: Denali, North America’s highest, lies in the Alaska Range.
69. The Andes are formed by the subduction of which plate?
A) Pacific Plate under South American Plate
B) Indian Plate under Eurasian Plate
C) African Plate under Eurasian Plate
D) Cocos Plate under North American Plate
Answer: A
Explanation: Andes formed as the Pacific (Nazca) Plate subducted under the South American Plate.
70. Which South American mountain is considered the highest outside Asia?
A) Huascarán
B) Chimborazo
C) Aconcagua
D) Ojos del Salado
Answer: C
Explanation: Aconcagua (Argentina) at 6,961 m is the highest outside Asia.
71. The Sierra Madre del Sur is located in:
A) Brazil
B) Mexico (southern)
C) Peru
D) Argentina
Answer: B
72. The Cordillera de los Andes includes which famous plateau?
A) Deccan Plateau
B) Altiplano Plateau
C) Tibetan Plateau
D) Colorado Plateau
Answer: B
Explanation: Altiplano in Bolivia–Peru is the 2nd highest plateau in the world after Tibet.
73. The Tepui mountains are characteristic flat-topped plateaus in:
A) Venezuela (Guiana Highlands)
B) Mexico
C) Chile
D) Argentina
Answer: A
74. The Laurentian Mountains are located in:
A) USA
B) Canada (Quebec)
C) Mexico
D) Chile
Answer: B
Explanation: Laurentians are among the oldest mountains, part of the Canadian Shield.
75. The Sierra Madre Occidental runs along:
A) Eastern Mexico
B) Western Mexico
C) Central Chile
D) Argentina
Answer: B
Explanation: Sierra Madre Occidental runs parallel to Mexico’s Pacific coast.
76. The highest mountain in Africa is:
A) Mount Kenya
B) Mount Kilimanjaro
C) Mount Elgon
D) Mount Ruwenzori
Answer: B
Explanation: Mount Kilimanjaro (5,895 m) in Tanzania is Africa’s tallest free-standing mountain.
77. Mount Kenya, Africa’s second highest peak, is located in:
A) Uganda
B) Tanzania
C) Kenya
D) Ethiopia
Answer: C
Explanation: Mount Kenya (5,199 m) is an extinct stratovolcano and UNESCO World Heritage Site.
78. The Ruwenzori Mountains are also known as:
A) Mountains of the Moon
B) Dragon Mountains
C) Fire Mountains
D) Blue Mountains
Answer: A
Explanation: Ruwenzori (Uganda–DR Congo border) are snow-capped, hence the ancient name “Mountains of the Moon.”
79. The Drakensberg Mountains are located in:
A) Tanzania
B) South Africa and Lesotho
C) Ethiopia
D) Kenya
Answer: B
Explanation: Drakensberg (“Dragon Mountains”) form the eastern escarpment of South Africa.
80. The Ethiopian Highlands are also called:
A) Roof of Africa
B) Roof of the World
C) Dragon Hills
D) Atlas Plateau
Answer: A
Explanation: They are high volcanic mountains, with Ras Dashen (4,550 m) as the highest peak.
81. The Atlas Mountains stretch across:
A) South Africa
B) Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia
C) Kenya, Uganda
D) Nigeria, Cameroon
Answer: B
Explanation: Atlas ranges form a barrier between the Mediterranean and the Sahara.
82. The highest peak of the Atlas Mountains is:
A) Ras Dashen
B) Mount Toubkal
C) Kilimanjaro
D) Mount Kenya
Answer: B
Explanation: Mount Toubkal (4,167 m) in Morocco is the highest peak in the Atlas range.
83. The Simien Mountains are found in:
A) Ethiopia
B) South Africa
C) Algeria
D) Kenya
Answer: A
Explanation: Simien range in Ethiopia includes Ras Dashen.
84. Which mountain range separates the Sahara from the Mediterranean coast?
A) Atlas Mountains
B) Drakensberg
C) Ethiopian Highlands
D) Ruwenzori
Answer: A
85. The highest mountain in Australia is:
A) Mount Townsend
B) Mount Wilhelm
C) Mount Kosciuszko
D) Mount Cook
Answer: C
Explanation: Mount Kosciuszko (2,228 m) is in New South Wales, Australia.
86. The Great Dividing Range is located in:
A) Australia
B) New Zealand
C) South Africa
D) Papua New Guinea
Answer: A
Explanation: Extends >3,500 km along Australia’s eastern coast.
87. The MacDonnell Ranges are in:
A) Western Australia
B) Northern Territory, Australia
C) Queensland
D) South Australia
Answer: B
88. The highest peak in New Zealand is:
A) Mount Cook (Aoraki)
B) Mount Kosciuszko
C) Mount Ruapehu
D) Mount Aspiring
Answer: A
Explanation: Mount Cook (3,724 m), also called Aoraki, is in South Island, New Zealand.
89. The Southern Alps are located in:
A) Australia
B) New Zealand
C) Papua New Guinea
D) Antarctica
Answer: B
90. The highest mountain in Antarctica is:
A) Mount Kirkpatrick
B) Mount Erebus
C) Mount Vinson
D) Mount Tyree
Answer: C
Explanation: Mount Vinson (4,892 m) is Antarctica’s highest peak.
91. Which Antarctic mountain is a famous active volcano?
A) Mount Vinson
B) Mount Erebus
C) Mount Kirkpatrick
D) Mount Terror
Answer: B
Explanation: Mount Erebus on Ross Island is the southernmost active volcano.
92. Which is the highest volcano in Africa?
A) Kilimanjaro
B) Mount Kenya
C) Mount Nyiragongo
D) Mount Cameroon
Answer: A
Explanation: Kilimanjaro is a dormant stratovolcano.
93. Mount Cameroon is also known as:
A) Mount Fako
B) Mount Kilimanjaro
C) Mount Toubkal
D) Mount Kenya
Answer: A
Explanation: Mount Cameroon (4,095 m) is an active volcano in West Africa.
94. Which peak is known as the “Matterhorn of the Alps” for its shape?
A) Mont Blanc
B) Dufourspitze
C) Matterhorn
D) Weisshorn
Answer: C
Explanation: Matterhorn (4,478 m) on Switzerland–Italy border is a pyramid-shaped iconic peak.
95. Which peak is the highest in the British Isles?
A) Snowdon
B) Scafell Pike
C) Ben Nevis
D) Slieve Donard
Answer: C
Explanation: Ben Nevis (1,345 m) in Scotland.
96. Which mountain is called the “Sleeping Giant” of the Philippines?
A) Mount Apo
B) Mount Pinatubo
C) Mount Mayon
D) Mount Banahaw
Answer: B
Explanation: Mount Pinatubo erupted in 1991, known as a dormant “sleeping giant.”
97. The highest mountain in Papua New Guinea is:
A) Mount Wilhelm
B) Mount Hagen
C) Mount Giluwe
D) Mount Bosavi
Answer: A
Explanation: Mount Wilhelm (4,509 m) is part of the Bismarck Range.
98. The Seven Summits refer to:
A) Seven oldest mountains
B) Highest peak on each continent
C) Seven volcanic mountains
D) Seven sacred peaks
Answer: B
Explanation: Includes Everest (Asia), Aconcagua (South America), Denali (North America), Kilimanjaro (Africa), Elbrus (Europe), Vinson (Antarctica), Kosciuszko or Carstensz Pyramid (Australia/Oceania).
99. Which mountain is the highest in the Arabian Peninsula?
A) Mount Damavand
B) Jebel Shams
C) Mount Ararat
D) Jabal al-Nour
Answer: B
Explanation: Jebel Shams (3,009 m) in Oman is the highest peak of the Arabian Peninsula.
100. Which statement is true about world mountains?
A) All mountains are volcanic
B) Mountains only exist in Asia
C) Mountains cover about 22% of Earth’s land
D) The Himalayas are the oldest mountains
Answer: C
Explanation: Mountains occupy ~22% of land and ~13% of the world’s population lives in mountain regions.