1. The term environment refers to —
A) Only physical surroundings
B) All living and non-living elements influencing life
C) Only natural resources
D) Social and cultural aspects only
Answer: B) All living and non-living elements influencing life
Explanation: Environment includes biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components like air, water, soil, and organisms.
2. The Western Ghats of Karnataka are recognized as —
A) Desert ecosystem
B) World Heritage Biodiversity Hotspot
C) Industrial zone
D) Grassland biome
Answer: B) World Heritage Biodiversity Hotspot
Explanation: UNESCO declared the Western Ghats a biodiversity hotspot due to high species diversity and endemism.
3. The main ecosystem types found in Karnataka are —
A) Desert, Grassland, Mangrove
B) Forest, Grassland, Marine, Wetland
C) Glacier, Desert, Savanna
D) None
Answer: B) Forest, Grassland, Marine, Wetland
Explanation: Karnataka’s ecosystems range from Western Ghats forests to coastal mangroves and inland wetlands.
4. The Western Ghats region contributes to how much of Karnataka’s total forest area?
A) About 20%
B) About 38%
C) About 60%
D) 75%
Answer: C) About 60%
Explanation: Over half of Karnataka’s forest cover lies in the Western Ghats districts like Uttara Kannada, Kodagu, and Shivamogga.
5. The forest area in Karnataka constitutes roughly —
A) 10% of geographical area
B) 15%
C) 20%
D) 22–23%
Answer: D) 22–23%
Explanation: Karnataka’s forest cover is around 23.5% of its total area (as per FSI 2021).
6. The largest forested district in Karnataka is —
A) Mysuru
B) Uttara Kannada
C) Kodagu
D) Shivamogga
Answer: B) Uttara Kannada
Explanation: With about 78% area under forest, Uttara Kannada is Karnataka’s greenest district.
7. The forest type dominating Western Ghats is —
A) Tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen
B) Desert scrub
C) Temperate coniferous
D) Deciduous thorn forest
Answer: A) Tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen
Explanation: The humid Western Ghats support dense evergreen forests with species like rosewood and ebony.
8. The eastern plains of Karnataka mostly have —
A) Evergreen forests
B) Dry deciduous and scrub vegetation
C) Rainforests
D) Coniferous forests
Answer: B) Dry deciduous and scrub vegetation
Explanation: Rainfall decreases eastward, leading to open forests and thorny scrublands.
9. The Mangrove forests of Karnataka occur in —
A) Coastal estuaries like Aghanashini and Kali rivers
B) Malnad hills
C) Raichur plains
D) Ballari plateau
Answer: A) Coastal estuaries like Aghanashini and Kali rivers
Explanation: Salt-tolerant mangroves grow in tidal zones near Karwar, Honnavar, and Kundapur.
10. The climate type of Karnataka according to Köppen classification is mainly —
A) Tropical monsoon (Am)
B) Tropical savanna (Aw)
C) Hot desert (BWh)
D) Humid subtropical (Cfa)
Answer: B) Tropical savanna (Aw)
Explanation: Most of Karnataka experiences tropical savanna climate with seasonal monsoon rainfall.
11. The major natural resource of Karnataka’s coastal region is —
A) Iron ore
B) Fish and sand
C) Granite
D) Limestone
Answer: B) Fish and sand
Explanation: The coast supports fishing, salt production, and river sand mining.
12. The eastern dry zone of Karnataka is prone to —
A) Floods
B) Droughts
C) Landslides
D) Coastal erosion
Answer: B) Droughts
Explanation: Low rainfall and high evapotranspiration make areas like Chitradurga and Tumakuru drought-prone.
13. The Kundremukh region is famous for —
A) Iron ore and evergreen forests
B) Cotton cultivation
C) Salt production
D) Desert vegetation
Answer: A) Iron ore and evergreen forests
Explanation: Located in Chikkamagaluru, it’s known for iron mining amidst dense forests.
14. The major wetland ecosystem of Karnataka is —
A) Rann of Kutch
B) Magadi and Ranganathittu
C) Chilika Lake
D) Vembanad
Answer: B) Magadi and Ranganathittu
Explanation: These wetlands are crucial bird habitats and ecotourism sites.
15. Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary lies on the banks of —
A) Krishna River
B) Cauvery River
C) Tungabhadra River
D) Sharavathi River
Answer: B) Cauvery River
Explanation: Located near Srirangapatna (Mandya), Ranganathittu supports migratory birds like painted storks.
16. The Sharavathi River basin is famous for —
A) Agriculture
B) Jog Falls & hydroelectric projects
C) Desert landscapes
D) Thermal power
Answer: B) Jog Falls & hydroelectric projects
Explanation: The river sustains major hydro projects within evergreen forest ecosystems.
17. The ecological zone of Kodagu district is classified as —
A) Coastal
B) Malnad (Western Ghats)
C) Maidan (plains)
D) Arid zone
Answer: B) Malnad
Explanation: Kodagu forms part of the high-rainfall, forested Malnad region of Karnataka.
18. Sacred groves (Devarakadus) are found mainly in —
A) Kodagu
B) Ballari
C) Raichur
D) Bidar
Answer: A) Kodagu
Explanation: Kodagu’s Devarakadus preserve ancient forests protected through local religious traditions.
19. The riverine ecosystem in Karnataka is being degraded mainly due to —
A) Urbanization and sand mining
B) Glacier melting
C) Marine fishing
D) Salinity
Answer: A) Urbanization and sand mining
Explanation: Sand extraction and sewage inflow reduce aquatic biodiversity.
20. The main soil erosion cause in Karnataka is —
A) High winds
B) Deforestation and overgrazing
C) Urban pollution
D) Frost
Answer: B) Deforestation and overgrazing
Explanation: Loss of vegetation accelerates erosion in Western Ghats and dry zones.
21. Karnataka’s ecological zones are broadly divided into —
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
Answer: B) 3
Explanation: Coastal (Karavali), Hilly (Malnad), and Plateau (Maidan).
22. The major natural hazard of Western Ghats is —
A) Landslides
B) Drought
C) Heat waves
D) Earthquakes
Answer: A) Landslides
Explanation: Heavy monsoon rains and deforestation cause frequent slope failures.
23. The principal mineral-environmental conflict in Karnataka is linked with —
A) Mining in ecologically sensitive zones
B) Floods
C) Tourism ban
D) Oil spills
Answer: A) Mining in ecologically sensitive zones
Explanation: Iron ore and limestone mining cause habitat loss and pollution.
24. The coastal ecosystem faces degradation mainly due to —
A) Industrial discharge and coastal erosion
B) Overfishing only
C) Urban floods
D) Deforestation in the plains
Answer: A) Industrial discharge and coastal erosion
Explanation: Ports and industries near Karwar–Mangaluru contribute to marine pollution.
25. The most biodiversity-rich district in Karnataka is —
A) Belagavi
B) Kodagu
C) Ballari
D) Yadgir
Answer: B) Kodagu
Explanation: Kodagu forms part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot with dense forests and endemic fauna.
26. The main cause of deforestation in Karnataka is —
A) Overgrazing
B) Urbanization, mining, and agriculture expansion
C) Natural forest fires
D) Coastal flooding
Answer: B) Urbanization, mining, and agriculture expansion
Explanation: Mining in Ballari and forest clearing in Western Ghats for roads and cultivation have reduced forest cover.
27. Karnataka loses forest area mainly in —
A) Western Ghats districts
B) Northern plains
C) Coastal plains
D) Semi-arid regions
Answer: A) Western Ghats districts
Explanation: Kodagu, Uttara Kannada, Shivamogga face the highest deforestation due to encroachment and infrastructure.
28. The Silent Valley-type ecological issue in Karnataka is related to —
A) Linganamakki Dam
B) Hubballi–Ankola Railway Project
C) Almatti Dam
D) Raichur Thermal Power
Answer: B) Hubballi–Ankola Railway Project
Explanation: The proposed project threatens dense Western Ghats forest ecosystems in Uttara Kannada.
29. The percentage of moderately dense forest in Karnataka (FSI 2021) is approximately —
A) 10%
B) 12%
C) 15%
D) 20%
Answer: B) 12%
Explanation: Karnataka’s moderately dense forest covers around 12% of its total geographical area.
30. The Joint Forest Management (JFM) program in Karnataka started in —
A) 1980
B) 1990
C) 1993
D) 2000
Answer: C) 1993
Explanation: JFM was introduced to involve local communities in forest protection and regeneration.
31. The major form of land degradation in Karnataka is —
A) Salinity
B) Soil erosion
C) Desertification
D) Waterlogging
Answer: B) Soil erosion
Explanation: About 60% of Karnataka’s degraded land is affected by water and wind erosion.
32. The district most affected by soil erosion is —
A) Tumakuru
B) Chitradurga
C) Kodagu
D) Belagavi
Answer: C) Kodagu
Explanation: Hilly terrain and deforestation in Kodagu cause severe erosion during monsoon.
33. The Northern Dry Zone faces which soil problem most?
A) Salinization
B) Erosion due to heavy rainfall
C) Wind erosion and infertility
D) Flooding
Answer: C) Wind erosion and infertility
Explanation: Wind erosion and nutrient depletion occur due to sparse vegetation and low rainfall.
34. The soil conservation program in Karnataka began under which Five-Year Plan?
A) First Plan (1951–56)
B) Third Plan (1961–66)
C) Fourth Plan (1969–74)
D) Fifth Plan (1974–79)
Answer: C) Fourth Plan (1969–74)
Explanation: Integrated watershed and soil conservation were prioritized during this period.
35. The Watershed Development Department in Karnataka was established in —
A) 1975
B) 1986
C) 2000
D) 2005
Answer: B) 1986
Explanation: To control soil erosion, manage rainwater, and improve dryland agriculture.
36. The major watershed project in Karnataka supported by the World Bank is —
A) Sujala Watershed Project
B) Kudremukh Restoration Project
C) Kolar Recharge Scheme
D) Malaprabha Project
Answer: A) Sujala Watershed Project
Explanation: Sujala aims to improve land productivity and water use efficiency in semi-arid zones.
37. The main cause of river pollution in Karnataka is —
A) Agricultural runoff and urban sewage
B) Forest litter
C) Fish farming
D) Natural decay
Answer: A) Agricultural runoff and urban sewage
Explanation: Nutrient pollution from fertilizers and untreated sewage contaminates rivers like Cauvery and Vrishabhavathi.
38. The most polluted river in Karnataka is —
A) Tunga
B) Cauvery
C) Vrishabhavathi
D) Sharavathi
Answer: C) Vrishabhavathi
Explanation: Flowing through Bengaluru, it receives industrial and domestic waste, becoming highly polluted.
39. The Cauvery River pollution is mainly caused by —
A) Industrial effluents and agricultural runoff
B) Mining waste
C) Acid rain
D) Salinity
Answer: A) Industrial effluents and agricultural runoff
Explanation: Textile and sugar factories discharge effluents; pesticides from Mandya farms pollute water.
40. The major polluted lakes in Bengaluru include —
A) Ulsoor and Bellandur
B) Hirekolale
C) Magadi and Agara
D) Varthur and Hirekere
Answer: A) Ulsoor and Bellandur
Explanation: Bellandur and Varthur lakes are known for frothing and fire incidents due to untreated waste.
41. The primary reason for eutrophication in Bengaluru’s lakes is —
A) Algae consumption
B) Excess nutrients from sewage
C) Lack of sunlight
D) Natural acidity
Answer: B) Excess nutrients from sewage
Explanation: Nitrates and phosphates trigger algal blooms, reducing oxygen levels.
42. The National Lake Conservation Plan (NLCP) has funded restoration of —
A) Bellandur Lake
B) Varthur Lake
C) Ulsoor Lake
D) Sankey Lake
Answer: D) Sankey Lake
Explanation: Sankey Lake was revived under NLCP to improve urban water quality and tourism.
43. The major groundwater pollution issue in North Karnataka is —
A) Fluoride contamination
B) Arsenic
C) Salinity
D) Iron
Answer: A) Fluoride contamination
Explanation: Districts like Raichur, Ballari, and Koppal show excess fluoride in groundwater.
44. The State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) was established in —
A) 1974
B) 1980
C) 1985
D) 1990
Answer: A) 1974
Explanation: Formed under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
45. The major industrially polluted zones in Karnataka are —
A) Peenya (Bengaluru), Nandihalli (Dharwad), and Mangaluru
B) Kodagu and Karwar
C) Ballari and Kodagu
D) Shivamogga
Answer: A) Peenya, Dharwad, Mangaluru
Explanation: Industrial effluents from engineering, petrochemical, and fertilizer units cause air and water pollution.
46. The city with highest air pollution levels in Karnataka is —
A) Mysuru
B) Hubballi
C) Bengaluru
D) Shivamogga
Answer: C) Bengaluru
Explanation: Vehicle emissions and construction dust make Bengaluru’s PM2.5 levels the highest in the state.
47. The main source of air pollution in Bengaluru is —
A) Industrial waste
B) Vehicular emissions
C) Forest fires
D) Agriculture
Answer: B) Vehicular emissions
Explanation: Rapid urbanization and 1 crore vehicles contribute to poor air quality.
48. The district affected by dust pollution from mining is —
A) Ballari
B) Kodagu
C) Udupi
D) Mysuru
Answer: A) Ballari
Explanation: Open-cast iron ore mining in Ballari region increases suspended dust and particulate matter.
49. The state-level air quality monitoring program is operated by —
A) IMD
B) KSPCB
C) KSNDMC
D) BBMP
Answer: B) KSPCB
Explanation: Karnataka State Pollution Control Board monitors air quality under the National Air Monitoring Programme (NAMP).
50. The urban heat island effect in Bengaluru is mainly due to —
A) Dense vegetation
B) Loss of lakes and green cover
C) Monsoon winds
D) Altitude
Answer: B) Loss of lakes and green cover
Explanation: Rapid construction and lake encroachment increase surface temperature in urban cores.
51. The first Forest Act in India was passed in —
A) 1858
B) 1865
C) 1878
D) 1927
Answer: B) 1865
Explanation: The Indian Forest Act, 1865 was the first to regulate forest use; later replaced by the Indian Forest Act, 1927, still in force.
52. The Forest Conservation Act (FCA) was enacted in —
A) 1952
B) 1972
C) 1980
D) 1992
Answer: C) 1980
Explanation: FCA restricts forest diversion for non-forest purposes without Central Government approval.
53. The Wildlife Protection Act came into force in —
A) 1968
B) 1972
C) 1984
D) 1990
Answer: B) 1972
Explanation: It provides legal protection to wild animals and plants and establishes National Parks and Sanctuaries.
54. The Biological Diversity Act was passed in —
A) 1987
B) 1992
C) 2002
D) 2006
Answer: C) 2002
Explanation: It aims at conservation of biodiversity, sustainable use, and equitable benefit sharing.
55. The Karnataka Forest Department was established in —
A) 1864
B) 1886
C) 1900
D) 1912
Answer: A) 1864
Explanation: Established under the British, one of India’s oldest forest departments.
56. How many National Parks are there in Karnataka?
A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
Answer: C) 5
Explanation: Karnataka has five National Parks – Bandipur, Nagarhole, Bannerghatta, Kudremukh, and Anshi (Kali Tiger Reserve).
57. The largest National Park in Karnataka is —
A) Bannerghatta
B) Nagarhole
C) Bandipur
D) Kudremukh
Answer: D) Kudremukh National Park
Explanation: Spread over ~600 sq km in Chikkamagaluru, known for rolling hills and shola forests.
58. The Bandipur National Park is located in —
A) Chikkamagaluru
B) Mysuru & Chamarajanagar
C) Kodagu
D) Shivamogga
Answer: B) Mysuru & Chamarajanagar
Explanation: Established in 1974, part of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, home to tigers, elephants, and gaurs.
59. The Nagarhole National Park (Rajiv Gandhi National Park) lies between —
A) Kodagu & Mysuru districts
B) Shivamogga & Chikkamagaluru
C) Ballari & Chitradurga
D) Uttara Kannada & Belagavi
Answer: A) Kodagu & Mysuru
Explanation: Famous for elephants and tigers, contiguous with Kerala’s Wayanad Sanctuary.
60. Bannerghatta National Park near Bengaluru is known for —
A) Crocodiles
B) Zoo and Butterfly Park
C) Elephants only
D) Mining
Answer: B) Zoo and Butterfly Park
Explanation: It houses India’s first Butterfly Park (2006) and is a popular ecotourism site.
61. The number of Wildlife Sanctuaries in Karnataka is —
A) 10
B) 14
C) 18
D) 20
Answer: C) 18
Explanation: Karnataka has 18 Wildlife Sanctuaries under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.
62. The Bhadra Wildlife Sanctuary is located in —
A) Ballari
B) Chikkamagaluru & Shivamogga
C) Kodagu
D) Uttara Kannada
Answer: B) Chikkamagaluru & Shivamogga
Explanation: Declared a Tiger Reserve; famous for rivers, moist forests, and tiger population.
63. The Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary is part of —
A) Ballari mining region
B) Kali Tiger Reserve
C) Kudremukh hills
D) Western plains
Answer: B) Kali Tiger Reserve
Explanation: Located in Uttara Kannada, Dandeli and Anshi merged to form Kali Tiger Reserve (2015).
64. The BRT Wildlife Sanctuary (Biligirirangana Temple Sanctuary) is in —
A) Kodagu
B) Chamarajanagar
C) Uttara Kannada
D) Hassan
Answer: B) Chamarajanagar
Explanation: Transition zone between Eastern and Western Ghats; home to Soliga tribes and elephants.
65. The Daroji Sloth Bear Sanctuary is located near —
A) Ballari
B) Mysuru
C) Kolar
D) Hassan
Answer: A) Ballari
Explanation: India’s first Sloth Bear Sanctuary near Hampi; famous for dry scrub and rock
Q66. Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary is famous for —
A) Migratory birds
B) Peacocks
C) Crocodiles
D) Camels
Answer: A) Migratory birds
Explanation: It hosts painted storks, pelicans, and spoonbills along the Cauvery River.
67. The Arabithittu Sanctuary is located near —
A) Mysuru
B) Belagavi
C) Kolar
D) Tumakuru
Answer: A) Mysuru
Explanation: Small protected area for spotted deer and peacocks, close to Mysuru city.
68. The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve includes which Karnataka forests?
A) Bandipur and Nagarhole
B) BRT Hills and Kudremukh
C) Dandeli and Karwar
D) Kodagu only
Answer: A) Bandipur and Nagarhole
Explanation: Nilgiri Biosphere (1986) spans Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka’s southern forests.
69. The Kudremukh region forms part of which Biosphere Reserve proposal?
A) Agasthyamalai
B) Western Ghats
C) Nilgiri
D) Nilamberi
Answer: B) Western Ghats Biosphere Reserve
Explanation: Recognized by UNESCO for high biodiversity and endemic flora.
70. How many Tiger Reserves are there in Karnataka (as of 2024)?
A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
Answer: C) 5
Explanation: Karnataka’s Tiger Reserves are: Bandipur, Nagarhole, Bhadra, BRT Hills, and Kali.
71. The Project Tiger was launched in Karnataka in —
A) 1972
B) 1973
C) 1974
D) 1980
Answer: C) 1974
Explanation: Bandipur was among India’s first nine tiger reserves.
72. The largest Tiger Reserve in Karnataka is —
A) Bandipur
B) Nagarhole
C) Kali
D) Bhadra
Answer: C) Kali Tiger Reserve
Explanation: Encompassing over 1,300 sq km, covering Dandeli and Anshi forests.
73. The animal symbol of Karnataka state is —
A) Lion
B) Tiger
C) Elephant
D) Gaur (Indian bison)
Answer: D) Gaur (Indian bison)
Explanation: The Indian bison (Bos gaurus) represents Karnataka’s rich forest wildlife.
74. The state bird of Karnataka is —
A) Indian roller
B) Peacock
C) Great Hornbill
D) Yellow-footed green pigeon
Answer: A) Indian roller (Blue Jay)
Explanation: Locally called Neelakantha Pakshi, found across the state’s open forests.
75. The Karnataka Biodiversity Board (KBB) was established in —
A) 1990
B) 2000
C) 2003
D) 2005
Answer: C) 2003
Explanation: Formed under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, to conserve and regulate bio-resources.
76. The National Environment Policy (NEP) of India was adopted in —
A) 1984
B) 1992
C) 2006
D) 2010
Answer: C) 2006
Explanation: NEP-2006 provides the broad framework for sustainable development and environmental protection.
77. The Karnataka State Environment Policy was announced in —
A) 2009
B) 2011
C) 2013
D) 2015
Answer: B) 2011
Explanation: The policy aligns with NEP 2006, focusing on biodiversity conservation, water management, and waste control.
78. The Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) was established under —
A) Forest Conservation Act, 1980
B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
C) Air Pollution Act, 1981
D) Environment Act, 1986
Answer: B) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
Explanation: KSPCB monitors and enforces environmental standards across industries and cities.
79. The Environment (Protection) Act was enacted in —
A) 1972
B) 1974
C) 1986
D) 1990
Answer: C) 1986
Explanation: Enacted after the 1984 Bhopal Gas Tragedy to provide umbrella protection for air, water, and land.
80. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established in —
A) 2006
B) 2010
C) 2012
D) 2015
Answer: B) 2010
Explanation: NGT handles cases related to environmental protection and pollution control.
81. The State Biodiversity Board of Karnataka (KBB) functions under —
A) Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change
B) Karnataka Forest Department
C) State Planning Commission
D) Pollution Control Board
Answer: A) Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEFCC)
Explanation: KBB works to implement the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, at the state level.
82. The National Afforestation Programme (NAP) aims to —
A) Promote industrial forests
B) Regenerate degraded forests through community participation
C) Build dams
D) Control tourism
Answer: B) Regenerate degraded forests through community participation
Explanation: Implemented by Forest Development Agencies under MoEFCC.
83. The Karnataka Forest Policy 2001 aims to increase forest and tree cover to —
A) 25%
B) 30%
C) 33%
D) 40%
Answer: C) 33%
Explanation: In line with India’s National Forest Policy target for ecological balance.
84. The State Tree of Karnataka is —
A) Teak (Tectona grandis)
B) Sandalwood (Santalum album)
C) Rosewood
D) Banyan
Answer: B) Sandalwood (Santalum album)
Explanation: Karnataka is known as the “Land of Sandalwood”; Mysuru was once the global sandal capital.
85. The Western Ghats Ecology Expert Panel (WGEEP) was headed by —
A) M.S. Swaminathan
B) Madhav Gadgil
C) N. Kasturirangan
D) Jairam Ramesh
Answer: B) Madhav Gadgil
Explanation: The 2011 Gadgil Report recommended strict conservation in Western Ghats’ ecologically sensitive zones.
86. The main natural hazard in coastal Karnataka is —
A) Earthquake
B) Cyclone and coastal erosion
C) Flooding from glaciers
D) Sandstorms
Answer: B) Cyclone and coastal erosion
Explanation: The Arabian Sea occasionally causes cyclonic activity and erosion near Karwar and Udupi.
87. Landslides frequently occur in —
A) Kodagu and Chikkamagaluru districts
B) Kalaburagi and Bidar
C) Ballari and Raichur
D) Mandya and Ramanagara
Answer: A) Kodagu and Chikkamagaluru
Explanation: Intense rainfall and slope cutting have caused severe landslides in Western Ghats, especially Kodagu (2018).
88. The major drought-prone region of Karnataka is —
A) Coastal belt
B) Malnad region
C) Northern Dry Zone
D) Kodagu
Answer: C) Northern Dry Zone
Explanation: Districts like Raichur, Vijayapura, and Koppal face frequent droughts due to low rainfall.
89. The Karnataka State Natural Disaster Monitoring Centre (KSNDMC) is located in —
A) Mysuru
B) Ballari
C) Bengaluru
D) Shivamogga
Answer: C) Bengaluru
Explanation: KSNDMC monitors weather, floods, droughts, and seismic activity using satellite and sensor data.
90. The most flood-prone districts in Karnataka are —
A) Belagavi, Kalaburagi & Raichur
B) Kodagu & Chamarajanagar
C) Mysuru & Tumakuru
D) Udupi & Kolar
Answer: A) Belagavi, Kalaburagi & Raichur
Explanation: Frequent flooding occurs due to Krishna and Bhima river overflows.
91. The Parisara Habba (Environment Festival) is organized by —
A) Karnataka Pollution Control Board
B) State Biodiversity Board
C) Karnataka Forest Department
D) Department of Environment, Ecology & Forests
Answer: D) Department of Environment, Ecology & Forests
Explanation: It spreads environmental awareness through schools and community programs.
92. The “Green Karnataka Mission” primarily aims to —
A) Develop highways
B) Increase tree cover and mitigate climate change
C) Promote industries
D) Build cities
Answer: B) Increase tree cover and mitigate climate change
Explanation: Launched to expand greenery and sequester carbon through mass plantations.
93. The State Climate Change Action Plan (SCCAP) for Karnataka was released in —
A) 2011
B) 2013
C) 2015
D) 2019
Answer: B) 2013
Explanation: Karnataka became one of the first southern states to adopt a formal climate action plan.
94. The Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Ltd. (KREDL) promotes —
A) Wind, solar, and biomass energy
B) Coal power
C) Dams
D) Forest cutting
Answer: A) Wind, solar, and biomass energy
Explanation: KREDL implements renewable projects and energy conservation in Karnataka.
95. The largest wind power potential in Karnataka is in —
A) Kodagu
B) Chitradurga and Gadag
C) Bengaluru
D) Shivamogga
Answer: B) Chitradurga and Gadag
Explanation: Wind corridors in central Karnataka host major wind farms.
96. The Solar Park at Pavagada (Tumakuru) is one of the largest in India with capacity of —
A) 500 MW
B) 1,000 MW
C) 2,000 MW
D) 3,000 MW
Answer: C) 2,000 MW
Explanation: Spread over 13,000 acres, it’s Asia’s largest solar power plant, a model for green energy.
97. Karnataka’s Environment Day is celebrated on —
A) June 5
B) March 22
C) July 28
D) December 1
Answer: A) June 5
Explanation: Coincides with World Environment Day, promoting sustainable practices.
98. The eco-sensitive zone (ESZ) concept in Karnataka applies mainly to —
A) Areas around National Parks & Sanctuaries
B) Urban cities
C) Industrial corridors
D) Agricultural lands
Answer: A) Areas around National Parks & Sanctuaries
Explanation: ESZs are buffer zones to regulate human activity near protected areas.
99. The first eco-tourism project developed by Karnataka Forest Department was —
A) Bhadra Eco-Camp
B) Dandeli Wildlife Eco-Park
C) BRT Hills Nature Camp
D) Bannerghatta Safari Park
Answer: A) Bhadra Eco-Camp
Explanation: Bhadra Tiger Reserve pioneered responsible tourism combining conservation and local employment.
100. The biggest current environmental challenge for Karnataka is —
A) Deforestation, drought, and climate variability
B) Population explosion only
C) Urban unemployment
D) Desertification in coastal belt
Answer: A) Deforestation, drought, and climate variability
Explanation: Rapid urbanization, mining, and erratic monsoon patterns have made sustainability a major challenge.