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Syllogism Top 100 MCQs With Answer and Explanation

1. Statements:
All cats are animals.
All animals are mammals.
Conclusions:

  1. All cats are mammals.
  2. Some mammals are cats.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both (1) and (2) follow
d) Neither follows
Answer: c) Both (1) and (2) follow
Explanation:
If all cats are animals and all animals are mammals → all cats are mammals (1). Hence, some mammals are cats (2).

2. Statements:
All flowers are plants.
All plants are living things.
Conclusions:

  1. All flowers are living things.
  2. Some living things are flowers.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) Neither follows
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Transitive logic → All flowers → plants → living things.

3. Statements:
Some fruits are apples.
All apples are sweet.
Conclusions:

  1. Some fruits are sweet.
  2. All sweet things are apples.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) Neither follows
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Some fruits being apples (sweet) means some fruits are sweet. Second is not necessarily true.

4. Statements:
All dogs are animals.
Some animals are cats.
Conclusions:

  1. Some dogs are cats.
  2. All cats are dogs.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) Neither follows
Answer: d) Neither follows
Explanation:
No direct relationship is established between dogs and cats.

5. Statements:
All books are papers.
All papers are trees.
Conclusions:

  1. All books are trees.
  2. Some trees are books.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Transitive logic: books → papers → trees.

6. Statements:
Some pens are pencils.
All pencils are erasers.
Conclusions:

  1. Some pens are erasers.
  2. All erasers are pencils.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
From “some pens are pencils” and “all pencils are erasers,” some pens are erasers.

7. Statements:
Some birds are parrots.
Some parrots are eagles.
Conclusions:

  1. Some birds are eagles.
  2. Some eagles are birds.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
“Some parrots are eagles” doesn’t imply birds and eagles overlap.

8. Statements:
All students are boys.
All boys are men.
Conclusions:

  1. All students are men.
  2. All men are students.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
All students → boys → men, but not vice versa.

9. Statements:
Some apples are mangoes.
No mango is orange.
Conclusions:

  1. Some apples are oranges.
  2. No apple is orange.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
If some apples are mangoes and no mango is orange → those apples can’t be oranges.

10. Statements:
All roads are ways.
Some ways are paths.
Conclusions:

  1. Some roads are paths.
  2. Some paths are roads.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
No direct relation between roads and paths.

11. Statements:
Some fruits are sweet.
Some sweets are red.
Conclusions:

  1. Some fruits are red.
  2. Some sweets are fruits.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
Different groups; no overlap guaranteed.

12. Statements:
No fish is bird.
All birds are animals.
Conclusions:

  1. No fish is animal.
  2. Some animals are birds.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
All birds are animals → some animals are birds.

13. Statements:
All tigers are cats.
Some cats are lions.
Conclusions:

  1. Some tigers are lions.
  2. All lions are tigers.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
Overlap between tigers and lions not confirmed.

14. Statements:
All soldiers are brave.
Some brave are honest.
Conclusions:

  1. Some soldiers are honest.
  2. Some honest are brave.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
We only know “some brave are honest” — no link to soldiers.

15. Statements:
Some chairs are tables.
All tables are furniture.
Conclusions:

  1. Some chairs are furniture.
  2. All furniture are chairs.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Some chairs being tables (furniture) → some chairs are furniture.

16. Statements:
No boy is lazy.
Some lazy are girls.
Conclusions:

  1. No girl is boy.
  2. Some girls are lazy.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Given: No boy lazy → so lazy and boys don’t overlap. Some lazy are girls → some girls are lazy.

17. Statements:
All roses are flowers.
Some flowers are red.
Conclusions:

  1. All red are roses.
  2. Some roses are red.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Some flowers (roses) may be red → some roses are red possible.

18. Statements:
All boys are humans.
All humans are living beings.
Conclusions:

  1. All boys are living beings.
  2. All living beings are boys.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Transitive logic: boys → humans → living beings.

19. Statements:
Some books are novels.
All novels are stories.
Conclusions:

  1. All books are stories.
  2. Some books are stories.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Some books (novels) → stories → only “some books are stories” follows.

20. Statements:
No mango is apple.
All apples are fruits.
Conclusions:

  1. No mango is fruit.
  2. Some fruits are apples.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
No mango–apple link with fruit except that apples are fruits.

21. Statements:
All poets are writers.
Some writers are singers.
Conclusions:

  1. Some poets are singers.
  2. All singers are writers.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
No confirmed overlap between poets and singers.

22. Statements:
All engineers are educated.
Some educated are scientists.
Conclusions:

  1. Some engineers are scientists.
  2. Some scientists are engineers.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
Possible but not definite; so neither follows.

23. Statements:
All men are animals.
All animals are living beings.
Conclusions:

  1. All men are living beings.
  2. Some living beings are men.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Transitive logic → all men are living beings; thus, some living beings are men.

24. Statements:
All lions are carnivores.
Some carnivores are tigers.
Conclusions:

  1. Some tigers are lions.
  2. All tigers are carnivores.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
From “some carnivores are tigers” → those tigers are carnivores.

25. Statements:
Some pens are blue.
Some blue are red.
Conclusions:

  1. Some pens are red.
  2. Some red are pens.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both follow
d) None follows
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
No definite link between pens and red objects.

26. Statements:
All teachers are intelligent.
Some intelligent are honest.
Conclusions:

  1. Some teachers are honest.
  2. All honest persons are intelligent.

a) Only (1) follows
b) Only (2) follows
c) Both (1) and (2) follow
d) Neither follows
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
“Some intelligent are honest” ⇒ all honest ⊂ intelligent (possible). No direct teacher-honest link.

27. Statements:
All books are papers.
Some papers are notebooks.
Conclusions:

  1. Some notebooks are books.
  2. Some papers are books.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
All books ⊂ papers ⇒ some papers are books (definitely). Notebook link uncertain.

28. Statements:
No student is lazy.
All lazy are failures.
Conclusions:

  1. No student is failure.
  2. All failures are lazy.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Lazy and students separate ⇒ failures (subset of lazy) separate from students.

29. Statements:
All roses are red.
Some red are yellow.
Conclusions:

  1. Some roses are yellow.
  2. Some yellow are red.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Red–yellow overlap exists, but roses may or may not fall in that overlap.

30. Statements:
All pens are tools.
No tool is weapon.
Conclusions:

  1. No pen is weapon.
  2. All weapons are tools.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
If pen ⊂ tools and no tool ⊂ weapon ⇒ pen ∩ weapon = Ø.

31. Statements:
Some trees are green.
All green are plants.
Conclusions:

  1. Some trees are plants.
  2. All plants are trees.
  3. Answer: a) Only (1) follows
  4. Explanation:
  5. Trees ∩ green ⊂ plants ⇒ some trees ⊂ plants.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None

32. Statements:
All cups are plates.
All plates are utensils.
Conclusions:

  1. All cups are utensils.
  2. All utensils are cups.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Cups ⊂ plates ⊂ utensils ⇒ cups ⊂ utensils.

33. Statements:
Some mobiles are computers.
All computers are machines.
Conclusions:

  1. All mobiles are machines.
  2. Some machines are mobiles.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Only part of mobiles ⊂ machines ⇒ some machines ⊂ mobiles.

34. Statements:
All doctors are educated.
No educated is illiterate.
Conclusions:

  1. No doctor is illiterate.
  2. Some educated are doctors.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Doctors ⊂ educated ⊄ illiterate ⇒ no doctor illiterate and some educated = doctors.

35. Statements:
All oranges are fruits.
Some fruits are sweet.
Conclusions:

  1. All oranges are sweet.
  2. Some oranges are sweet.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Sweetness applies to part of fruits ⇒ some oranges may be sweet.

36. Statements:
All actors are artists.
Some artists are singers.
Conclusions:

  1. Some actors are singers.
  2. Some singers are actors.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
No definite overlap given between actors & singers.

37. Statements:
All pens are blue.
Some blue are plastic.
Conclusions:

  1. Some pens are plastic.
  2. All plastic are blue.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Pens ⊂ blue and some blue ⊂ plastic ⇒ possible overlap ⇒ some pens plastic.

38. Statements:
All metals are elements.
All elements are substances.
Conclusions:

  1. All metals are substances.
  2. All substances are metals.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Transitive rule: metals ⊂ elements ⊂ substances.

39. Statements:
Some bottles are glasses.
All glasses are transparent.
Conclusions:

  1. Some bottles are transparent.
  2. All bottles are transparent.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Partial relation: “some bottles ⊂ glasses ⊂ transparent.”

40. Statements:
No pen is pencil.
All pencils are colors.
Conclusions:

  1. No pen is color.
  2. Some colors are pencils.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Pencils ⊂ colors ⇒ some colors = pencils; pen–color relation uncertain.

41. Statements:
Some mangoes are sweet.
No sweet is sour.
Conclusions:

  1. No mango is sour.
  2. Some mangoes are not sour.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Mango ∩ sweet ⊄ sour ⇒ those mangoes not sour (both 1 and 2 say same thing).

42. Statements:
All windows are doors.
All doors are walls.
Conclusions:

  1. All windows are walls.
  2. All walls are windows.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
windows ⊂ doors ⊂ walls ⇒ windows ⊂ walls.

43. Statements:
Some cars are trucks.
All trucks are vehicles.
Conclusions:

  1. Some cars are vehicles.
  2. All vehicles are cars.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Some cars ⊂ trucks ⊂ vehicles ⇒ some cars ⊂ vehicles.

44. Statements:
No river is road.
Some roads are bridges.
Conclusions:

  1. No river is bridge.
  2. Some bridges are roads.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Second is given directly; first not certain as bridges may exist over rivers.

45. Statements:
All tables are furniture.
Some furniture are wooden.
Conclusions:

  1. Some tables are wooden.
  2. All wooden are furniture.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Tables ⊂ furniture and some furniture ⊂ wooden ⇒ overlap possible.

46. Statements:
Some students are intelligent.
All intelligent are successful.
Conclusions:

  1. Some students are successful.
  2. All successful are intelligent.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
students ∩ intelligent ⊂ successful ⇒ some students ⊂ successful.

47. Statements:
All goats are animals.
Some animals are cows.
Conclusions:

  1. Some goats are cows.
  2. All cows are goats.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
Goats and cows are both animals but no link between them.

48.Statements:
All computers are machines.
Some machines are robots.
Conclusions:

  1. All robots are computers.
  2. Some computers are robots.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
Robots ⊂ machines, computers ⊂ machines ⇒ possible but not certain overlap.

49. Statements:
No dog is cat.
Some cats are pets.
Conclusions:

  1. Some pets are dogs.
  2. Some pets are cats.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Given some cats ⊂ pets ⇒ some pets ⊂ cats.

50. Statements:
All policemen are brave.
No brave is coward.
Conclusions:

  1. No policeman is coward.
  2. Some brave are policemen.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Policemen ⊂ brave ⊄ coward ⇒ no policeman coward and some brave = policemen.

51. Statements:
All apples are fruits.
Some fruits are bananas.
Conclusions:

  1. Some apples are bananas.
  2. Some fruits are apples.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
All apples ⊂ fruits ⇒ some fruits (those apples) are apples. No direct link between apples and bananas.

52. Statements:
All roses are flowers.
All flowers are beautiful.
Conclusions:

  1. All roses are beautiful.
  2. Some beautiful are flowers.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Transitive logic: roses → flowers → beautiful ⇒ both statements true.

53. Statements:
All actors are humans.
Some humans are singers.
Conclusions:

  1. Some actors are singers.
  2. Some singers are actors.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
“Some humans are singers” doesn’t guarantee overlap with actors.

54. Statements:
Some books are novels.
No novel is magazine.
Conclusions:

  1. Some books are magazines.
  2. No book is magazine.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Some books ⊂ novels and no novel ⊂ magazine ⇒ those books not magazines.

55. Statements:
All chairs are wooden.
Some wooden are strong.
Conclusions:

  1. Some chairs are strong.
  2. All strong are wooden.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Possible overlap between chairs and strong through wooden.

56. Statements:
Some teachers are males.
All males are humans.
Conclusions:

  1. All teachers are humans.
  2. Some teachers are humans.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
At least some teachers (males) are humans. All cannot be concluded.

57. Statements:
No pen is paper.
Some papers are pencils.
Conclusions:

  1. Some pencils are papers.
  2. No pencil is pen.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
1 is given directly.
2 follows because pens and papers are disjoint, and pencils ⊂ papers.

58. Statements:
All oranges are fruits.
All fruits are food.
Conclusions:

  1. All oranges are food.
  2. Some food are fruits.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Oranges ⊂ fruits ⊂ food ⇒ both are correct.

59. Statements:
All doctors are educated.
Some engineers are educated.
Conclusions:

  1. Some engineers are doctors.
  2. Some educated are engineers.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Educated includes engineers and doctors, but overlap between the two is not given.

60. Statements:
All goats are animals.
No animal is plant.
Conclusions:

  1. No goat is plant.
  2. All plants are goats.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Goats ⊂ animals ⊄ plants ⇒ no goat is plant.

61. Statements:
All students are intelligent.
All intelligent are hardworking.
Conclusions:

  1. All students are hardworking.
  2. All hardworking are students.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Transitive: students → intelligent → hardworking.

62. Statements:
Some cars are buses.
All buses are vehicles.
Conclusions:

  1. Some cars are vehicles.
  2. All vehicles are cars.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
cars ∩ buses ⊂ vehicles ⇒ some cars ⊂ vehicles.

63. Statements:
Some birds are parrots.
All parrots are green.
Conclusions:

  1. Some birds are green.
  2. All birds are parrots.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
birds ∩ parrots ⊂ green ⇒ some birds ⊂ green.

64. Statements:
No mountain is river.
All rivers are water.
Conclusions:

  1. No mountain is water.
  2. All water are rivers.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
No mountain ⊂ river ⊂ water ⇒ mountains ⊄ water.

65. Statements:
All pens are tools.
Some tools are sharp.
Conclusions:

  1. Some pens are sharp.
  2. All sharp are tools.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Sharp ⊂ tools (given); some pens may or may not be sharp.

66. Statements:
Some boys are players.
All players are strong.
Conclusions:

  1. Some boys are strong.
  2. All strong are boys.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
boys ∩ players ⊂ strong ⇒ some boys ⊂ strong.

67. Statements:
All teachers are scholars.
Some scholars are scientists.
Conclusions:

  1. Some teachers are scientists.
  2. All scientists are teachers.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
No direct overlap confirmed between teachers and scientists.

68. Statements:
All circles are shapes.
No shape is solid.
Conclusions:

  1. No circle is solid.
  2. Some solids are circles.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Circles ⊂ shapes ⊄ solids ⇒ no circle solid.

69. Statements:
All fishes are aquatic.
Some aquatic are dangerous.
Conclusions:

  1. Some fishes are dangerous.
  2. All dangerous are fishes.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Possible overlap via aquatic.

70. Statements:
All books are readable.
All readable are informative.
Conclusions:

  1. All books are informative.
  2. Some informative are books.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
books ⊂ readable ⊂ informative ⇒ both follow.

71. Statements:
No man is perfect.
Some men are rich.
Conclusions:

  1. Some rich are not perfect.
  2. All rich are men.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Rich ⊂ men ⊄ perfect ⇒ some rich not perfect.

72. Statements:
All trains are vehicles.
No vehicle is stationary.
Conclusions:

  1. No train is stationary.
  2. Some vehicles are trains.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Trains ⊂ vehicles ⊄ stationary ⇒ both 1 and 2 hold true.

73. Statements:
All children are students.
All students are intelligent.
Conclusions:

  1. All children are intelligent.
  2. Some intelligent are children.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Transitive: children → students → intelligent.

74. Statements:
Some dogs are black.
All black are strong.
Conclusions:

  1. Some dogs are strong.
  2. All strong are black.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
dogs ∩ black ⊂ strong ⇒ some dogs strong.

75. Statements:
All policemen are citizens.
Some citizens are voters.
Conclusions:

  1. Some policemen are voters.
  2. Some voters are policemen.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
Possible overlap, not definite → neither follows certainly.

76. Statements:
All books are papers.
No paper is metal.
Conclusions:

  1. No book is metal.
  2. Some metals are not books.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Books ⊂ papers ⊄ metal ⇒ books and metal are disjoint.

77. Statements:
Some cats are dogs.
All dogs are animals.
Conclusions:

  1. Some cats are animals.
  2. All animals are dogs.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
cats ∩ dogs ⊂ animals ⇒ some cats are animals.

78. Statements:
All pens are blue.
All blue are colorful.
Conclusions:

  1. All pens are colorful.
  2. Some colorful are blue.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Pens ⊂ blue ⊂ colorful ⇒ both statements true.

79. Statements:
No fruit is vegetable.
All apples are fruits.
Conclusions:

  1. No apple is vegetable.
  2. Some fruits are apples.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Apples ⊂ fruits ⊄ vegetables ⇒ both conclusions valid.

80. Statements:
Some cars are red.
All red are costly.
Conclusions:

  1. Some cars are costly.
  2. All costly things are red.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
cars ∩ red ⊂ costly ⇒ some cars ⊂ costly.

81. Statements:
All engineers are graduates.
All graduates are qualified.
Conclusions:

  1. All engineers are qualified.
  2. Some qualified are engineers.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Transitive: engineers ⊂ graduates ⊂ qualified.

82. Statements:
All lions are carnivores.
Some carnivores are tigers.
Conclusions:

  1. Some lions are tigers.
  2. All tigers are carnivores.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Some carnivores ⊂ tigers ⇒ tigers ⊂ carnivores definite; no lion-tiger overlap.

83. Statements:
All fishes are aquatic.
No aquatic is bird.
Conclusions:

  1. No fish is bird.
  2. All birds are aquatic.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Fish ⊂ aquatic ⊄ bird ⇒ no fish bird.

84. Statements:
Some bottles are plastic.
All plastics are useful.
Conclusions:

  1. Some bottles are useful.
  2. All useful things are bottles.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
bottles ∩ plastic ⊂ useful ⇒ some bottles ⊂ useful.

85. Statements:
All singers are artists.
Some artists are dancers.
Conclusions:

  1. Some singers are dancers.
  2. Some dancers are singers.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
No direct relation between singers and dancers.

86. Statements:
All doctors are professionals.
All professionals are educated.
Conclusions:

  1. All doctors are educated.
  2. Some educated are doctors.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Doctors ⊂ professionals ⊂ educated ⇒ both valid.

87. Statements:
No soldier is coward.
All cowards are weak.
Conclusions:

  1. No soldier is weak.
  2. Some weak are cowards.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
cowards ⊂ weak ⇒ some weak = cowards; soldiers not directly linked.

88. Statements:
All poets are writers.
No writer is lazy.
Conclusions:

  1. No poet is lazy.
  2. All lazy are writers.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
poets ⊂ writers ⊄ lazy ⇒ no poet lazy.

89. Statements:
All boys are students.
Some students are girls.
Conclusions:

  1. Some boys are girls.
  2. Some girls are students.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Given: some students are girls ⇒ some girls ⊂ students; boys and girls not directly related.

90. Statements:
Some men are strong.
Some strong are intelligent.
Conclusions:

  1. Some men are intelligent.
  2. Some intelligent are strong.
  3. a) Only (1)
  4. b) Only (2)
  5. c) Both
  6. d) None
  7. Answer: b) Only (2) follows
  8. Explanation:
  9. Second conclusion directly from given; first not guaranteed.

91. Statements :
All pens are instruments.
All instruments are tools.
Conclusions:

  1. All pens are tools.
  2. Some tools are pens.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Transitive rule: pens ⊂ instruments ⊂ tools ⇒ both true.

92. Statements:
No apple is grape.
Some grapes are sweet.
Conclusions:

  1. Some sweet are grapes.
  2. No sweet is apple.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
From given data: sweet ⊃ some grapes and grapes ⊄ apples ⇒ both true.

93. Statements:
Some fruits are yellow.
Some yellow are ripe.
Conclusions:

  1. Some fruits are ripe.
  2. Some ripe are fruits.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: d) None follows
Explanation:
No definite link between fruits and ripe objects.

94. Statements:
All students are clever.
No clever person is lazy.
Conclusions:

  1. No student is lazy.
  2. Some lazy are clever.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
students ⊂ clever ⊄ lazy ⇒ no student lazy.

95.Statements:
All pens are pencils.
All pencils are colors.
Conclusions:

  1. All pens are colors.
  2. Some colors are pens.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
pens ⊂ pencils ⊂ colors ⇒ both true.

96. Statements:
No fruit is vegetable.
All tomatoes are vegetables.
Conclusions:

  1. No tomato is fruit.
  2. Some vegetables are fruits.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Vegetables and fruits are disjoint ⇒ no tomato (vegetable) is fruit.

97. Statements:
All metals are hard.
Some hard are brittle.
Conclusions:

  1. Some metals are brittle.
  2. All brittle are hard.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Brittle ⊂ hard ⇒ definite. Metals–brittle link uncertain.

98. Statements:
All cups are mugs.
No mug is plate.
Conclusions:

  1. No cup is plate.
  2. Some plates are mugs.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: a) Only (1) follows
Explanation:
Cups ⊂ mugs ⊄ plates ⇒ no cup plate.

99. Statements:
Some people are kind.
Some kind are rich.
Conclusions:

  1. Some people are rich.
  2. Some rich are kind.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: b) Only (2) follows
Explanation:
Kind ∩ rich is confirmed; people ∩ rich not guaranteed.

100. Statements:
All trains are vehicles.
All vehicles are machines.
Conclusions:

  1. All trains are machines.
  2. Some machines are vehicles.

a) Only (1)
b) Only (2)
c) Both
d) None
Answer: c) Both follow
Explanation:
Transitive: trains ⊂ vehicles ⊂ machines ⇒ both valid.

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