1. The Adhyaksha of a Gram Panchayat is the —
A) Head of Gram Sabha
B) Executive head of the Gram Panchayat
C) Head of Zila Parishad
D) Judicial officer
Answer: B
Explanation: The Adhyaksha (Sarpanch/President) is the elected executive head responsible for implementing decisions of the Gram Panchayat.
2. The post of Adhyaksha and Upadhyaksha is created under which constitutional article?
A) Article 243A
B) Article 243C
C) Article 243B
D) Article 243D
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 243C deals with the composition of Panchayats and includes the provision for Chairpersons (Adhyakshas) at different levels.
3. Adhyaksha is elected —
A) Directly by Gram Sabha
B) Indirectly by elected members of Panchayat
C) Appointed by Governor
D) Nominated by State Government
Answer: B
Explanation: In most States, the Adhyaksha is elected by and from among the elected Panchayat members.
4. The Upadhyaksha (Vice-President) is elected —
A) By the Gram Sabha
B) By the members of Gram Panchayat
C) By District Collector
D) Appointed by Governor
Answer: B
Explanation: Members elect one among themselves as Upadhyaksha to assist the Adhyaksha.
5. Term of office of Adhyaksha and Upadhyaksha is —
A) 3 years
B) 4 years
C) 5 years
D) 6 years
Answer: C
Explanation: They hold office for five years unless the Panchayat is sooner dissolved (Article 243E).
6. Adhyaksha vacates office by —
A) Resignation
B) Removal by no-confidence motion
C) Expiry of term
D) All of these
Answer: D
Explanation: The office may end by resignation, no-confidence, or expiry of five-year tenure.
7. Minimum age to become Adhyaksha/Upadhyaksha is —
A) 18 years
B) 21 years
C) 25 years
D) 30 years
Answer: B
Explanation: As per Article 243F, the minimum age for Panchayat members (and hence Adhyaksha/Upadhyaksha) is 21 years.
8. Who presides over meetings of the Gram Panchayat?
A) Upadhyaksha
B) Adhyaksha
C) Secretary
D) Collector
Answer: B
Explanation: The Adhyaksha convenes and presides over all Panchayat meetings.
9. In the absence of the Adhyaksha, who presides over meetings?
A) Collector
B) Upadhyaksha
C) State Minister
D) Any member chosen by lot
Answer: B
Explanation: The Upadhyaksha discharges all functions of the Adhyaksha during his/her absence.
10. Remuneration of Adhyaksha and Upadhyaksha is decided by —
A) Governor
B) State Legislature / State Rules
C) Gram Sabha
D) Finance Commission
Answer: B
Explanation: Their allowances are fixed by State rules made under the Panchayat Act.
11. The Adhyaksha is primarily responsible to —
A) State Government
B) Gram Sabha
C) Parliament
D) Governor
Answer: B
Explanation: He/She is accountable to the Gram Sabha for performance and fund utilization.
12. Power to remove Adhyaksha is exercised by —
A) Gram Sabha through no-confidence motion
B) Governor
C) High Court
D) Collector
Answer: A
Explanation: State Acts allow Gram Sabha or majority of Panchayat members to move a no-confidence motion.
13. Adhyaksha acts as link between —
A) Gram Panchayat and Block Samiti
B) Village and District Administration
C) People and Government
D) All of these
Answer: D
Explanation: He/She represents the village in all administrative and developmental matters.
14. The Adhyaksha is also called —
A) President of Gram Panchayat
B) Block Officer
C) Village Secretary
D) Revenue Head
Answer: A
Explanation: The Adhyaksha is the President or Sarpanch of the Gram Panchayat.
15. In case of simultaneous resignation of both Adhyaksha and Upadhyaksha, the meeting is convened by —
A) District Collector
B) State Election Commission
C) Secretary of Panchayat
D) Governor
Answer: C
Explanation: Secretary calls a special meeting to elect new office-bearers.
16. Adhyaksha holds a position equivalent to —
A) Executive Head of Village Government
B) Judicial Officer
C) Revenue Inspector
D) None
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She functions like the chief executive of village administration.
17. In the Panchayati Raj structure, the Adhyaksha corresponds to —
A) President of Municipality
B) Chairperson of District Board
C) Chief Minister at State Level
D) Prime Minister
Answer: C
Explanation: He/She heads the executive wing of local government at the village level.
18. Upadhyaksha assists Adhyaksha in —
A) All functions and chairs meetings in his/her absence
B) Judicial work
C) Revenue collection only
D) Accounts audit only
Answer: A
Explanation: The Vice-President performs all duties of Adhyaksha during absence or vacancy.
19. Adhyaksha may delegate powers to Upadhyaksha —
A) With Panchayat’s approval
B) Only through Governor
C) Through Finance Commission
D) Not allowed
Answer: A
Explanation: Delegation is permitted by State rules and with Gram Panchayat’s consent.
20. The Adhyaksha is the custodian of —
A) Gram Panchayat property and records
B) State assets
C) Private land
D) District funds
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She ensures proper maintenance of Panchayat assets and documents.
21. Adhyaksha authorizes —
A) Issue of cheques and financial transactions
B) Court judgments
C) Appointments of IAS officers
D) Governor’s orders
Answer: A
Explanation: As chief executive, he/she approves and signs Panchayat payments.
22. Meetings of the Gram Panchayat are to be convened —
A) At least once a month
B) Once in six months
C) Only on State order
D) Every week
Answer: A
Explanation: Monthly meetings are statutorily required for smooth functioning.
23. The Adhyaksha is responsible for ensuring implementation of —
A) Resolutions of Gram Sabha and Panchayat
B) Orders of High Court
C) State Cabinet decisions
D) Judicial rulings
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She executes plans approved by Gram Sabha and Panchayat.
24. Adhyaksha ensures coordination with —
A) Government Departments operating in the village
B) Private companies
C) Courts
D) Urban local bodies
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She coordinates development activities with departmental officers.
25. Adhyaksha is the official representative of the Panchayat before —
A) Higher Panchayats and Government Offices
B) Parliament
C) Judiciary
D) Foreign Ministry
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She acts as liaison between village and higher administrative authorities.
26. The Adhyaksha is primarily responsible for
A) Implementing resolutions of the Gram Panchayat and Gram Sabha
B) Framing national policy
C) Conducting judicial trials
D) Supervising Parliament sessions
Answer: A
Explanation: The Adhyaksha executes all development and welfare decisions taken by the Panchayat and Gram Sabha.
27. The Adhyaksha acts as the —
A) Chief executive of the Panchayat
B) Chief judicial officer
C) Revenue inspector
D) Planning Commission head
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She is the administrative head, responsible for day-to-day execution of Panchayat work.
28. The Upadhyaksha’s main duty is to —A) Assist the Adhyaksha and act in his/her absence
B) Head the Finance Commission
C) Audit accounts directly
D) Manage District Panchayat
Answer: A
Explanation: The Vice-President performs all duties of the Adhyaksha when the post is vacant or during absence.
29. One of the chief executive powers of the Adhyaksha is to —
A) Call and preside over Panchayat meetings
B) Conduct national elections
C) Enforce court judgments
D) Draft state laws
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She convenes meetings, sets agendas, and ensures proper recording of resolutions.
30. Adhyaksha supervises —
A) Works executed under all Panchayat schemes
B) Police department
C) Court of Magistrate
D) Urban corporations
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She monitors implementation and quality of village development projects.
31. The Adhyaksha has the power to —
A) Allocate duties among Panchayat members
B) Dissolve the Panchayat
C) Overrule State orders
D) Conduct judicial trials
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She distributes portfolios and supervises work distribution among members.
32. Adhyaksha ensures execution of —
A) Government and Panchayat programs at the village level
B) Parliamentary laws
C) Supreme Court orders
D) Private business plans
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She acts as a link between State departments and village implementation.
33. The Adhyaksha controls the —
A) Staff employed by the Gram Panchayat
B) IAS officers
C) Zila Parishad officials
D) State Secretariat
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She oversees attendance, performance, and discipline of Panchayat staff.
34. Financial power of Adhyaksha includes —
A) Approving expenditure within sanctioned limits
B) Printing currency
C) Framing tax laws
D) Central budgeting
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She authorizes payments and ensures that expenses follow approved budgets.
35. The Adhyaksha is the joint signatory of —
A) Panchayat cheques and fund releases
B) State treasury accounts
C) Bank of India charter
D) Election commission documents
Answer: A
Explanation: Financial transactions require the signatures of both Adhyaksha and Secretary/Treasurer.
36. The Adhyaksha ensures —
A) Proper maintenance of Gram Panchayat accounts and registers
B) Judicial filing
C) Railway construction
D) Political campaigns
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She verifies that accounts are regularly maintained and audited.
37. Upadhyaksha assists mainly in —
A) Administrative and financial supervision
B) Judicial review
C) District planning only
D) Urban taxation
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She supports the Adhyaksha in overseeing office work and financial matters.
38. The Adhyaksha has the power to —
A) Sanction leave for Panchayat employees
B) Frame constitutional amendments
C) Suspend the Collector
D) Decide state policy
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She performs administrative control including granting leave to staff.
39. Which document is presented by Adhyaksha annually?
A) Panchayat annual report and budget
B) State budget
C) District gazette
D) Supreme Court record
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She places the year-end financial statement and development report before the Gram Sabha.
40. Adhyaksha maintains order at meetings by —
A) Using procedural authority and deciding points of order
B) Appointing police
C) Taking judicial action
D) Suspending members for any reason
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She ensures smooth, lawful conduct of meetings.
41. In financial matters, Adhyaksha must —
A) Follow Panchayat budget as approved by Gram Sabha
B) Spend at will
C) Seek permission from Parliament
D) Transfer funds to other districts
Answer: A
Explanation: All expenditures must match the approved local budget.
42. Adhyaksha signs official correspondence —
A) On behalf of the Gram Panchayat
B) On behalf of the Governor
C) On behalf of the State Secretariat
D) On behalf of Collector
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She represents the Panchayat in all official communications.
43. The Upadhyaksha exercises powers —
A) Delegated by the Adhyaksha or assigned by the Panchayat
B) By Governor’s order only
C) By Parliament’s approval
D) Through the High Court
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She performs functions assigned by the Panchayat or delegated by the Adhyaksha.
44. Adhyaksha can form committees for —
A) Specific developmental or welfare tasks
B) Conducting national elections
C) Appointing judges
D) Creating political parties
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She may constitute sub-committees for efficient project execution.
45. The Adhyaksha has to ensure —
A) Proper utilization of government grants
B) Private land transactions
C) State judiciary reforms
D) Urban taxation
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She is answerable for correct and lawful expenditure of public funds.
46. The Adhyaksha submits progress reports to —
A) Gram Sabha and Block Panchayat
B) Parliament
C) Election Commission
D) Governor directly
Answer: A
Explanation: Reports on work and finances are presented to higher Panchayat bodies and Gram Sabha.
47. Adhyaksha supervises the collection of —
A) Panchayat taxes, fees and local revenues
B) Income tax
C) GST
D) Custom duties
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She oversees local revenue generation for Panchayat funds.
48. Administrative control over Panchayat property vests in —
A) Adhyaksha
B) Upadhyaksha
C) Collector
D) Finance Commission
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She safeguards, records, and manages Gram Panchayat properties.
49. The Adhyaksha is answerable for —
A) Transparency, accountability and efficiency of Panchayat administration
B) Judicial independence
C) Urban planning
D) State Cabinet decisions
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She ensures honesty, transparency and efficiency in governance.
50. The Upadhyaksha acts as —
A) Acting Adhyaksha during leave, absence or vacancy
B) Chairperson of Zila Parishad
C) Collector’s deputy
D) State Election Commissioner
Answer: A
Explanation: When Adhyaksha’s office is vacant or during absence, the Upadhyaksha performs all duties of that office.
51. The Adhyaksha plays a leading role in —
A) Planning and execution of village development programs
B) Judicial work of courts
C) Urban administration
D) Conducting national elections
Answer: A
Explanation: The Adhyaksha ensures that all government and Panchayat development schemes are implemented effectively at the village level.
52. The Adhyaksha supervises all works related to —
A) Rural infrastructure, sanitation, and housing schemes
B) Military defense
C) Industrial taxation
D) Judicial reforms
Answer: A
Explanation: As head of the Panchayat, he/she oversees construction, maintenance, and development of rural assets.
53. One of the key developmental duties of the Adhyaksha is —
A) Ensuring implementation of poverty alleviation and welfare schemes
B) Conducting state elections
C) Passing constitutional amendments
D) Reviewing criminal cases
Answer: A
Explanation: The Adhyaksha supervises village-level execution of schemes like MGNREGA, PMAY, etc.
54. The Adhyaksha coordinates with —
A) Line departments and development officers
B) Supreme Court
C) Foreign Ministry
D) Private companies only
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She works with Agriculture, Health, and Education departments to implement government schemes.
55. Adhyaksha is the ex-officio chairperson of —
A) All Standing Committees of Gram Panchayat
B) District Planning Board
C) State Legislative Council
D) Urban Development Authority
Answer: A
Explanation: As ex-officio chairperson, he/she oversees the functioning of all Panchayat committees.
56. The Upadhyaksha mainly assists in —
A) Supervising day-to-day development and welfare activities
B) Framing laws
C) Conducting national budgets
D) Managing state audit
Answer: A
Explanation: The Vice-President helps monitor ongoing welfare and development projects.
57. The Adhyaksha ensures public participation by —
A) Conducting Gram Sabha meetings regularly
B) Limiting access to information
C) Canceling meetings
D) Avoiding public questions
Answer: A
Explanation: Regular Gram Sabha meetings ensure transparency and citizen participation.
58. The Adhyaksha is responsible for —
A) Promoting education, sanitation, and health programs in the village
B) Framing national policies
C) Managing industrial trade
D) Collecting customs duty
Answer: A
Explanation: Social development is a core duty of the Panchayat head.
59. In welfare activities, the Adhyaksha must give priority to —
A) Women, children, SCs, and STs
B) Business class
C) Political donors
D) Private industries
Answer: A
Explanation: The Panchayat ensures inclusiveness and social justice by prioritizing vulnerable groups.
60. For employment generation, the Adhyaksha supervises —
A) MGNREGA works and other local labor schemes
B) IT industries
C) Defense units
D) Urban corporations
Answer: A
Explanation: MGNREGA and local labor works are implemented at Gram Panchayat level under Adhyaksha’s supervision.
61. The Adhyaksha oversees activities related to —
A) Agriculture, irrigation, and animal husbandry
B) Urban housing
C) Forest revenue
D) Railway construction
Answer: A
Explanation: These are key rural development sectors under Panchayat functions.
62. Adhyaksha ensures transparency in development programs through —
A) Public disclosure and social audits
B) Confidential records
C) Central ministry intervention
D) Private contractors
Answer: A
Explanation: Social audits and public reviews make local governance transparent and accountable.
63. The Adhyaksha plays a vital role in —
A) Village sanitation and cleanliness drives
B) Enforcing judicial punishments
C) Urban transport
D) Central taxation
Answer: A
Explanation: Cleanliness and sanitation are core functions under the Panchayat’s jurisdiction.
64. Upadhyaksha helps the Adhyaksha mainly in —
A) Supervising welfare schemes and coordinating development work
B) Conducting audits
C) Managing national defense
D) Managing courts
Answer: A
Explanation: The Upadhyaksha supports ongoing developmental and welfare responsibilities.
65. The Adhyaksha promotes self-help groups (SHGs) to —
A) Empower women and create local livelihoods
B) Increase taxes
C) Replace industries
D) Manage banks
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She encourages SHGs for rural entrepreneurship and women empowerment.
66. The Adhyaksha has the duty to maintain —
A) Village roads, public tanks, and street lighting
B) State highways
C) Airport facilities
D) District courts
Answer: A
Explanation: Maintenance of local public amenities is one of the Panchayat’s essential duties.
67. The Adhyaksha coordinates disaster management at the village level by —
A) Mobilizing local resources and relief measures
B) Waiting for central orders
C) Using police force only
D) Avoiding community meetings
Answer: A
Explanation: During floods or droughts, the Adhyaksha coordinates quick relief at the local level.
68. Adhyaksha ensures fair selection of beneficiaries for —
A) Government welfare and housing schemes
B) Political appointments
C) Foreign trips
D) Private land purchases
Answer: A
Explanation: Beneficiary lists must be approved by Gram Sabha under his/her supervision.
69. The Adhyaksha promotes awareness about —
A) Health, education, environment, and sanitation
B) Stock markets
C) State elections
D) Judiciary reforms
Answer: A
Explanation: Awareness campaigns on social and environmental issues are led by Panchayat.
70. The Adhyaksha ensures inclusion of —
A) All sections of society in development planning
B) Only government officials
C) Only rich people
D) None
Answer: A
Explanation: Inclusive planning reflects democratic and participatory principles of Panchayati Raj.
71. The Adhyaksha supervises the maintenance of —
A) Public buildings, school premises, and wells
B) Private houses
C) Railway offices
D) Court buildings
Answer: A
Explanation: Ensuring maintenance of civic infrastructure is a Panchayat duty.
72. The Upadhyaksha assists in monitoring —
A) Scheme implementation and field-level inspections
B) Parliament debates
C) District judiciary
D) National defense plans
Answer: A
Explanation: The Vice-President aids in physical supervision of rural schemes.
73. The Adhyaksha ensures coordination between —
A) Officials of different departments and village citizens
B) High Court and Parliament
C) Police and army
D) Urban authorities
Answer: A
Explanation: The Panchayat head bridges departments and people for efficient service delivery.
74. The Adhyaksha takes initiative in —
A) Mobilizing local resources for community development
B) Deciding state-level laws
C) Imposing judicial penalties
D) Conducting national exams
Answer: A
Explanation: Mobilizing voluntary labor and funds for village works is part of leadership duties.
75. The overall aim of Adhyaksha and Upadhyaksha’s developmental functions is —
A) Achieving self-reliant, clean, and equitable village society
B) Centralized power structure
C) Urbanization of rural areas
D) Bureaucratic control
Answer: A
Explanation: Their leadership embodies Gandhiji’s ideal of “Gram Swaraj” — self-governing, progressive villages.
76. The Adhyaksha ensures the functioning of Panchayat administration in accordance with —
A) Provisions of the Panchayat Act and State Government rules
B) Orders of Parliament
C) Directions of Judiciary
D) Private contractors
Answer: A
Explanation: All Panchayat actions must conform to the State Panchayat Raj Act and government guidelines.
77. The Adhyaksha’s leadership mainly reflects which principle of governance?
A) Democratic decentralization
B) Centralized administration
C) Bureaucratic control
D) Judicial supremacy
Answer: A
Explanation: Panchayati Raj ensures local self-governance through elected village leadership.
78. The Adhyaksha must present the annual report and accounts before —
A) Gram Sabha
B) State Legislature
C) District Court
D) Zila Parishad
Answer: A
Explanation: Annual performance and expenditure reports are placed before Gram Sabha for transparency.
79. The Adhyaksha can be removed from office by —
A) A no-confidence motion passed by a majority of Panchayat members
B) Governor’s order
C) High Court directive
D) District Collector alone
Answer: A
Explanation: State laws empower Panchayat members or Gram Sabha to remove the Adhyaksha through a no-confidence resolution.
80. During emergencies like floods or epidemics, the Adhyaksha —
A) Takes immediate relief measures using available Panchayat funds
B) Waits for approval from Parliament
C) Transfers responsibility to Block Office
D) Seeks court permission first
Answer: A
Explanation: The Adhyaksha may authorize emergency expenditure for public safety.
81. The Upadhyaksha becomes Acting Adhyaksha when —
A) The Adhyaksha is absent, resigns, or the post falls vacant
B) State Government orders it permanently
C) Gram Sabha abolishes Panchayat
D) Election Commission directs
Answer: A
Explanation: The Upadhyaksha automatically performs Adhyaksha’s duties during vacancy or absence.
82. The Adhyaksha plays a key role in promoting —
A) Citizen participation and accountability
B) Political monopoly
C) Bureaucratic secrecy
D) Judicial authority
Answer: A
Explanation: Local democracy depends on transparency and people’s involvement through Gram Sabha.
83. Which committee is usually headed by the Adhyaksha?
A) Finance and Development Committee
B) Judicial Review Committee
C) State Election Committee
D) Police Advisory Committee
Answer: A
Explanation: Adhyaksha chairs key committees like Finance, Development, and Social Justice.
84. The Adhyaksha must send periodic progress reports to —
A) Block Panchayat (Panchayat Samiti)
B) Parliament
C) Governor
D) Supreme Court
Answer: A
Explanation: Regular reporting ensures supervision and coordination between Panchayat levels.
85. The Adhyaksha ensures implementation of directives issued by —
A) Higher Panchayat bodies and State Departments
B) Private companies
C) Foreign agencies
D) Judiciary
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She executes policies and orders received from the State and Zila Panchayat.
86. Under which Article are the powers and responsibilities of Panchayats (and thus Adhyaksha) defined?
A) Article 243G
B) Article 243E
C) Article 243D
D) Article 243H
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 243G empowers Panchayats to plan and implement schemes for economic development and social justice.
87. The Adhyaksha is responsible for the safety and custody of —
A) Panchayat records, accounts, and properties
B) State treasury
C) Court documents
D) Private land deeds
Answer: A
Explanation: He/She safeguards Panchayat assets and official registers.
88. When a complaint of corruption arises, the Adhyaksha must —
A) Cooperate with inquiry and furnish required documents
B) Destroy records
C) Suspend Gram Sabha
D) Ignore allegations
Answer: A
Explanation: The Adhyaksha is legally bound to assist in audits or vigilance inquiries.
89. Adhyaksha’s development leadership aims at achieving —
A) Gram Swaraj (self-reliant village governance)
B) Urban centralization
C) Administrative secrecy
D) Political dominance
Answer: A
Explanation: Grass-root leadership realizes Gandhi’s vision of self-governing villages.
90. The Adhyaksha ensures implementation of centrally sponsored schemes by —
A) Coordinating with block officials and local beneficiaries
B) Sending proposals to Parliament
C) Using judiciary
D) Delegating to urban corporations
Answer: A
Explanation: Local coordination ensures effective delivery of central schemes like PMAY-G, NRLM, and MGNREGA.
91. Adhyaksha’s monitoring role includes —
A) Inspecting ongoing works and verifying quality and expenditure
B) Framing state policies
C) Conducting court proceedings
D) Political campaigning
Answer: A
Explanation: Physical inspections and field checks ensure accountability in development works.
92. Adhyaksha ensures participation of women and marginalized groups by —
A) Encouraging their representation in Gram Sabha and committees
B) Restricting them from meetings
C) Appointing bureaucrats only
D) None
Answer: A
Explanation: Inclusive participation is a legal and democratic responsibility of Panchayat heads.
93. The Adhyaksha’s signature is mandatory on —
A) Cheques, resolutions, and official communications
B) Private contracts
C) Court summons
D) National laws
Answer: A
Explanation: Financial and administrative documents require Adhyaksha’s authorization.
94. The Adhyaksha submits the Panchayat’s budget to —
A) Gram Sabha for approval
B) Governor
C) Parliament
D) Election Commission
Answer: A
Explanation: The Gram Sabha reviews and approves the annual budget and development plans.
95. The Upadhyaksha ensures —
A) Continuity of administration during Adhyaksha’s absence
B) Amendment of State Acts
C) Political campaigning
D) Judicial review
Answer: A
Explanation: The Vice-President maintains governance continuity whenever Adhyaksha is unavailable.
96. The Adhyaksha should maintain neutrality and fairness in —
A) Selection of scheme beneficiaries and village employment
B) Political party appointments
C) Judicial decisions
D) Media management
Answer: A
Explanation: Fair selection ensures trust and equality among citizens.
97. If Adhyaksha fails to convene Gram Sabha meetings —
A) State Government or higher authority may issue directions or suspend him/her
B) No consequence
C) Gram Sabha dissolves automatically
D) Collector resigns
Answer: A
Explanation: Failure to hold meetings is a violation that can invite administrative action.
98. The Adhyaksha can be suspended or removed by State Government if —
A) Found guilty of misconduct, corruption, or dereliction of duty
B) Opposes government policy
C) Loses election
D) Requests voluntarily
Answer: A
Explanation: State Panchayat Acts authorize suspension or removal for proven malpractices.
99. The effectiveness of Adhyaksha and Upadhyaksha mainly depends on —
A) Public trust, leadership quality, and administrative efficiency
B) Political influence
C) Bureaucratic control
D) Judicial intervention
Answer: A
Explanation: Transparent and committed leadership ensures strong local self-government.
100. The combined goal of Adhyaksha and Upadhyaksha’s duties is to —
A) Establish accountable, transparent, and people-centric rural governance
B) Strengthen centralization
C) Create bureaucratic supremacy
D) Limit public participation
Answer: A
Explanation: Their collective work embodies the Panchayati Raj vision — democratic decentralization and local empowerment.