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41. Which of the following quantities specifies its motion with direction ?
A. Momentum
B. Displacement
C. Velocity
D. Force
ANSWER:C
SOLUTION :Velocity is the quantity that specifies an object’s motion with direction. It’s a vector quantity, meaning it represents both magnitude and direction. The positive or negative sign of velocity indicates the direction of motion.
42. The rate of change in displacement over time is called ________.
A. Acceleration
B. Force
C. Velocity
D. Speed
ANSWER:C
SOLUTION:The rate of change in displacement over time is called velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. The SI unit of velocity is meters per second (m/s).
43. The working principle of a washing machine is _______.
A. Centrifugation
B. Dialysis
C. Reverse osmosis
D. Diffusion
ANSWER:A
SOLUTION:The working principle of a washing machine is centrifugation, which is a separation process that uses centrifugal force to separate particles based on their size, shape, and density. The washing machine’s centrifuge uses centrifugal force to: Clean the cloth, Partially dry the clothes, Separate particles from a solution, Push the clothes in a circle, and Force water straight through the drum holes.
44. A graph showing the velocity of an object over time is called _______.
A. Velocity-time graph
B. Velocity-displacement graph
C. Velocity-speed graph
D. Velocity-distance graph
ANSWER:A
SOLUTION:Writing, walking and speaking involves relative motion hence friction exist in these activities whereas hearing is not based on friction.
45. Newton’s first law of motion is known as _________.
A. Gravity
B. Law of Inertia
C. Law of Conservation of Momentum
D. Vertical Motion
ANSWER:B
SOLUTION:The property of a body to remain at rest or to remain in motion with constant velocity is called inertia. Newton’s first law is often called the law of inertia.
46. The tendency of stationary objects to remains at rest or in motion at the constant velocity is called –
A. Force
B. Inertia
C. Momentum
D. Energy
ANSWER:B
SOLUTION :Inertia is the tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion at a constant velocity. It’s one of the fundamental principles of classical physics, and Isaac Newton described it in his first law of motion, also known as the Principle of Inertia.
47. What does the slope of velocity – time graph represent ?
A. Distance
B. Momentum
C. Acceleration
D. Force
ANSWER:C
SOLUTION: The slope of a velocity graph represents an object’s acceleration. As a result, the value of the slope at a given time represents the object’s acceleration at that time. The rate of change of an object’s velocity with respect to time is defined as acceleration.
48. When a body is moving on a surface , the force of friction is called ______.
A. Static friction
B. Dynamic friction
C. Limiting friction
D. Rolling friction
ANSWER:B
SOLUTION: Dynamic friction occurs when a body moves along another and in contact with it, i.e. it actually rubs against it.
49. Which scientist gave ‘Laws of Motion’?
A. Galileo
B. Newton
C. Einstein
D. Boyle
ANSWER:B
SOLUTION: Sir Isaac Newton, an English physicist and mathematician, first stated the three laws of motion in his 1687 work Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica. The laws describe the relationship between an object’s motion and the forces acting on it.
50. Why does a cannon recoil after firing ?
A. Conservation of energy
B. Backward thrust of gases produced
C. Newton’s Third Law of Motion
D. Newton’s First Law of Motion
ANSWER:C
SOLUTION: A cannon recoils after firing due to Newton’s third law of motion, which states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. When a cannon fires a shell, the cannon applies a force on the shell, which applies an equal and opposite force on the cannon. This force causes a change in the momentum of both the cannon and the shell.