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1. Which is the longest segment of the digestive system in the human body?
A. Pancreatic duct
B. Small intestine
C. Large intestine
D. Esophagus
ANSWER: B.Small intestine
SOLUTION :The small intestine, which is 670 to 760 cm (22 to 25 feet) in length and 3 to 4 cm (about 2 inches) in diameter, is the longest part of the digestive tract.
2. Which of the following Enzyme in the human body starts the digestion of proteins?
A. Trypsin
B. Lactose
C. Pepsin
D. None of these
ANSWER: C.Pepsin
SOLUTION:Enzyme pepsin initiates the digestion of proteins in the stomach. The pro-enzyme proactive form called pepsinogen gets converted to pepsin in the presence of HCl.
3. Which one of the following glands is responsible for producing insulin, the main hormone in the body responsible for sugar metabolism?
A. Pancreas
B. Pituitary glands
C. Salivary glands
D. Intestinal glands
ANSWER :A.Pancreas
SOLUTION:The main function of the pancreas is to maintain healthy blood sugar levels. It is a large gland located behind the stomach. It produces insulin, glucagon, and other hormones.
4. The majority of the water from the indigestible food is absorbed in the_______?
A. Stomach
B. Foodpipe
C. Pancreas
D. Large Intestine
ANSWER: D.Large Intestine
SOLUTION:Large Intestine: The large intestine plays important role in our digestive system; it can absorb most of the water from Indigested food.
5. Which of the following portion of the stomach opens into the small intestine?
A. Cardiac portion
B. Fundic portion
C. Pyloric portion
D. Body portion
ANSWER: C.Pyloric portion
SOLUTION:The pyloric portion of the stomach opens into the small intestine. The opening itself is called the pylorus, and it’s guarded by a powerful sphincter called the pyloric sphincter. This sphincter controls the flow of chyme into the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.
6. Where do the majority of the digestive processes occur?
A. Small intestine
B. Large intestine
C. Stomach
D. None of the above
ANSWER: A.Small intestine
SOLUTION: The majority of chemical digestion occurs in the small intestine. Digested chyme from the stomach passes through the pylorus and into the duodenum. Here, chyme mixes with secretions from the pancreas and the duodenum. Mechanical digestion still occurs to a minor extent as well.
7. Which hydrolytic enzymes react in a low pH environment?
A. Peroxidases
B. Hydrolases
C. Amylases
D. Proteases
ANSWER: D. Proteases
SOLUTION:Hydrolases are hydrolytic enzymes, which catalyze the hydrolysis reaction by including water to break the bond and hydrolyze it. So, the correct answer is ‘Protease’. Note: Dietary protein is digested by many protease enzymes present within the alimentary canal.
8. Where is bile juice formed in the human body?
A. Kidney
B. Salivary Gland
C. Liver
D. Lung
ANSWER: C.Liver
SOLUTION:Bile is a fluid that is made and released by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Bile helps with digestion.
9. Which of the following is not a human salivary gland?
A. Parotid
B. Submaxillary
C. Sublingual
D. Infra-orbital
ANSWER: D.Infra-orbital
SOLUTION: Infra orbital salivary glands are additional salivary glands present in animals like cats and rabbits. They are located on the floor of the orbit below the eye and responsible for secreting tears into the ducts. Infra orbital glands are not found in humans.
10. Which of the following parts of the human body secretes the enzyme “Diastase”?
A. Oral Cavity
B. Stomach
C. ileum
D. Duodenum
ANSWER: A.Oral Cavity
SOLUTION:Diastase is an enzyme that helps turn starch into maltose. Diastase enzymes are secreted in the oral cavity (mouth).