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1. Which nutrient is the body’s main source of energy?
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrates
C. Fat
D. Vitamins
ANSWER: B.Carbohydrates
SOLUTION :Carbohydrates are the main energy source of the human diet. The metabolic disposal of dietary carbohydrates is direct oxidation in various tissues, glycogen synthesis (in liver and muscles), and hepatic de novo lipogenesis.
2. What is the recommended daily intake of water for adults?
A. 1 Liter
B. 2 Liters
C. 3 Liters
D. 4 Liters
ANSWER:B.2 Liters
SOLUTION:Women should have about 2 litres (8 cups) of fluids a day, and men about 2.6 litres (10 cups). People who are pregnant or breastfeeding need more fluid each day than usual. Dehydration can happen when the body’s fluids are low.
3. Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E
ANSWER :C.Vitamin D
SOLUTION:Optimal vitamin D levels are necessary to increase the efficiency of calcium absorption. Without adequate vitamin D, the body absorbs no more than 10% to 15% of dietary calcium.
4. Which mineral is important for maintaining healthy blood pressure?
A. Calcium
B. Iron
C. Potassium
D. Zinc
ANSWER: C.Potassium
SOLUTION: The mineral elements sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium play a central role in the normal regulation of blood pressure. In particular, these mineral elements have important interrelationships in the control of arterial resistance.
5. Which macronutrient is essential for building and repairing body tissues?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
C. Fats
D. Vitamins
ANSWER: B.Proteins
SOLUTION:Protein is the major structural component of cells and is responsible for the building and repair of body tissues. Protein is broken down into amino acids, which are building blocks of protein.
6. What is the primary source of omega – 3 fatty acids?
A. Fish
B. Nuts
C. Avocado
D. Olive oil
ANSWER: A.Fish
SOLUTION:Fish and other seafood (especially cold-water fatty fish, such as salmon, mackerel, tuna, herring, and sardines) Nuts and seeds (such as flaxseed, chia seeds, and walnuts)
7. Which nutrient deficiency can lead to anemia?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin D
C. Iron
D. Calcium
ANSWER:C.Iron
SOLUTION : Anemia can be caused by a number of nutritional deficiencies, including iron, folate, and vitamins B12 and A.
8. What is the role of antioxidants in the body?
A. Boost immune function
B. Regulate metabolism
C. Protect against cell damage
D. Aid in digestion
ANSWER: C.Protect against cell damage
SOLUTION:Antioxidants are compounds that protect cells from damage caused by free radicals, which are unstable molecules produced by the body in response to environmental and other pressures. They are sometimes called “free-radical scavengers”.
9. Which food group is the main source of carbohydrates?
A. Fruits and vegetables
B. Meat and Poultry
C. Dairy Products
D. Grains and cereals
ANSWER:D.Grains and cereals
SOLUTION: Grains — along with fruits, vegetables, and dairy — contain carbohydrates, the body’s main source of energy.
10. Which vitamin is crucial for maintaining healthy vision?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin E
ANSWER: A.Vitamin A
SOLUTION:
Vitamin A is essential for good vision. It is a component of the protein rhodopsin, which allows the eye to see in low-light conditions. According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, a deficiency in vitamin A can lead to night blindness.