1. Which Article of the Constitution deals with High Courts in the States?
a) Article 214
b) Article 216
c) Article 220
d) Article 222
Answer: a) Article 214
Explanation: Article 214 states that there shall be a High Court for each State.
2. The High Court of a State consists of:
a) Chief Justice only
b) Chief Justice and other judges appointed by the President
c) Chief Justice and judges appointed by Governor
d) Chief Justice and judges appointed by CJI
Answer: b) Chief Justice and other judges appointed by the President
Explanation: Article 216 provides for a High Court consisting of a Chief Justice and other judges appointed by the President.
3. Who appoints the Chief Justice of a High Court?
a) Governor
b) President
c) Prime Minister
d) Chief Justice of India
Answer: b) President
Explanation: The Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed by the President of India.
4. Who appoints other judges of a High Court?
a) Governor
b) President
c) Chief Justice of India
d) Prime Minister
Answer: b) President
Explanation: All High Court judges are appointed by the President after consultation.
5. The High Court judge holds office until the age of:
a) 60 years
b) 62 years
c) 65 years
d) 70 years
Answer: b) 62 years
Explanation: The retirement age of High Court judges is 62 years (Supreme Court judges retire at 65).
6. The President consults which authorities for appointment of High Court judges?
a) Governor of the State
b) Chief Justice of India
c) Chief Justice of the High Court (for judges other than Chief Justice)
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: President consults Governor, CJI, and High Court Chief Justice while appointing judges.
7. Who administers the oath of office to the Chief Justice of a High Court?
a) President
b) Governor
c) Chief Justice of India
d) Chief Minister
Answer: b) Governor
Explanation: The Governor of the State administers the oath to the Chief Justice of the High Court.
8. The removal of a High Court judge is similar to the removal of:
a) IAS officer
b) Governor
c) Supreme Court judge
d) Speaker of Assembly
Answer: c) Supreme Court judge
Explanation: A High Court judge can be removed in the same manner as a Supreme Court judge, by impeachment.
9. Which Article deals with the appointment and conditions of judges of High Courts?
a) Article 215
b) Article 217
c) Article 218
d) Article 220
Answer: b) Article 217
Explanation: Article 217 deals with appointment and conditions of High Court judges.
10. Who can transfer judges from one High Court to another?
a) President
b) Chief Justice of India
c) Governor
d) Prime Minister
Answer: a) President
Explanation: The President can transfer High Court judges after consultation with CJI (Article 222).
11. Which Article gives the High Court the power of superintendence over all subordinate courts?
a) Article 226
b) Article 227
c) Article 228
d) Article 229
Answer: b) Article 227
Explanation: Article 227 gives the High Court power of superintendence over all subordinate courts.
12. High Court is a Court of Record under which Article?
a) Article 214
b) Article 215
c) Article 217
d) Article 221
Answer: b) Article 215
Explanation: Article 215 declares every High Court as a Court of Record.
13. High Courts can issue writs under which Article?
a) Article 226
b) Article 227
c) Article 32
d) Article 228
Answer: a) Article 226
Explanation: Article 226 empowers High Courts to issue writs for enforcement of Fundamental Rights and other purposes.
14. Which of the following writs cannot be issued by a High Court?
a) Habeas Corpus
b) Mandamus
c) Certiorari
d) Advisory Opinion
Answer: d) Advisory Opinion
Explanation: Advisory Opinion is given only by Supreme Court under Article 143.
15. Which is the oldest High Court in India?
a) Calcutta High Court
b) Bombay High Court
c) Madras High Court
d) Allahabad High Court
Answer: a) Calcutta High Court
Explanation: Established in 1862, the Calcutta High Court is the oldest.
16. Which High Court has the largest jurisdiction in India?
a) Rajasthan High Court
b) Madhya Pradesh High Court
c) Gujarat High Court
d) Bombay High Court
Answer: a) Rajasthan High Court
Explanation: Rajasthan High Court has the largest jurisdiction area.
17. Which High Court is common for more than one State?
a) Bombay High Court
b) Punjab & Haryana High Court
c) Calcutta High Court
d) Allahabad High Court
Answer: b) Punjab & Haryana High Court
Explanation: It serves Punjab, Haryana, and the Union Territory of Chandigarh.
18. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Andaman & Nicobar Islands?
a) Madras High Court
b) Calcutta High Court
c) Bombay High Court
d) Kerala High Court
Answer: b) Calcutta High Court
Explanation: The Calcutta High Court has jurisdiction over Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
19. Which Article provides that High Court judges shall not plead or act in any court after retirement?
a) Article 218
b) Article 219
c) Article 220
d) Article 221
Answer: c) Article 220
Explanation: Article 220 prohibits retired High Court judges from practicing in the same court.
20. Who decides the salaries of High Court judges?
a) Parliament
b) State Legislature
c) Governor
d) Finance Commission
Answer: a) Parliament
Explanation: Salaries and allowances of High Court judges are decided by Parliament.
21. The High Court judge can resign by addressing resignation to:
a) Chief Justice of India
b) Governor
c) President
d) Prime Minister
Answer: c) President
Explanation: A High Court judge resigns by writing to the President.
22. The High Court of Kerala is located at:
a) Trivandrum
b) Kochi (Ernakulam)
c) Kozhikode
d) Kollam
Answer: b) Kochi (Ernakulam)
Explanation: Kerala High Court is in Kochi (Ernakulam).
23. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Lakshadweep?
a) Kerala High Court
b) Madras High Court
c) Bombay High Court
d) Karnataka High Court
Answer: a) Kerala High Court
Explanation: Kerala High Court has jurisdiction over Lakshadweep.
24. Who is the custodian of the Constitution in a State?
a) Governor
b) High Court
c) State Legislature
d) Supreme Court
Answer: b) High Court
Explanation: High Courts act as custodian of the Constitution in States.
25. Which Article deals with writ jurisdiction of High Courts?
a) Article 32
b) Article 226
c) Article 227
d) Article 228
Answer: b) Article 226
Explanation: Article 226 empowers High Courts to issue writs for Fundamental Rights and other purposes.
26. Who decides disputes relating to the election of members of the State Legislature?
a) Supreme Court
b) Governor
c) High Court
d) Election Commission
Answer: c) High Court
Explanation: High Court is the authority to decide disputes regarding the election of State Legislature members.
27. Under which Article can a High Court withdraw cases from subordinate courts involving constitutional questions?
a) Article 226
b) Article 227
c) Article 228
d) Article 229
Answer: c) Article 228
Explanation: Article 228 empowers High Courts to withdraw cases involving constitutional interpretation.
28. Which Article allows High Courts to make rules regarding their own procedure?
a) Article 227
b) Article 229
c) Article 231
d) Article 235
Answer: b) Article 229
Explanation: Article 229 empowers High Courts to make rules for regulating their procedure.
29. The High Court has jurisdiction to hear election petitions of:
a) Lok Sabha
b) Rajya Sabha
c) State Legislature
d) Panchayats
Answer: c) State Legislature
Explanation: High Court decides election petitions of State Legislative Assembly and Council members.
30. The first woman Chief Justice of a High Court in India was:
a) Leila Seth
b) Sujata Manohar
c) Fathima Beevi
d) Anna Chandy
Answer: a) Leila Seth
Explanation: Leila Seth became the first woman Chief Justice of Himachal Pradesh High Court in 1991.
31. Which Article provides for common High Court for two or more States?
a) Article 214
b) Article 216
c) Article 231
d) Article 229
Answer: c) Article 231
Explanation: Article 231 allows establishment of common High Courts for two or more States/UTs.
32. Who has the power to extend or reduce the jurisdiction of a High Court?
a) President
b) Governor
c) Parliament
d) State Legislature
Answer: c) Parliament
Explanation: Parliament can extend/reduce jurisdiction of High Courts.
33. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Daman & Diu and Dadra & Nagar Haveli (now merged as DNHDD)?
a) Gujarat High Court
b) Bombay High Court
c) Madras High Court
d) Delhi High Court
Answer: a) Gujarat High Court
Explanation: Gujarat High Court has jurisdiction over the Union Territory of Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu.
34. Who was the first Chief Justice of Calcutta High Court?
a) Sir Barnes Peacock
b) Sir Elijah Impey
c) M.C. Chagla
d) Sir Owen Dixon
Answer: a) Sir Barnes Peacock
Explanation: Sir Barnes Peacock was the first Chief Justice of Calcutta High Court in 1862.
35. Which is the largest High Court in India in terms of judges strength?
a) Allahabad High Court
b) Delhi High Court
c) Bombay High Court
d) Calcutta High Court
Answer: a) Allahabad High Court
Explanation: Allahabad High Court has the largest sanctioned strength of judges.
36. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Goa?
a) Madras High Court
b) Bombay High Court
c) Kerala High Court
d) Karnataka High Court
Answer: b) Bombay High Court
Explanation: Bombay High Court has jurisdiction over Goa.
37. Who determines the number of judges in a High Court?
a) Governor
b) President
c) Parliament
d) State Legislature
Answer: b) President
Explanation: The President determines the number of judges in a High Court.
38. Which Article guarantees independence of High Court judges’ salaries and allowances?
a) Article 217
b) Article 219
c) Article 221
d) Article 224
Answer: c) Article 221
Explanation: Article 221 ensures salaries and allowances of High Court judges cannot be varied to their disadvantage.
39. The Chief Justice of a High Court can request a retired judge to sit and act as a judge under which Article?
a) Article 220
b) Article 221
c) Article 224A
d) Article 228
Answer: c) Article 224A
Explanation: Article 224A allows reappointment of retired judges with President’s consent.
40. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Puducherry?
a) Kerala High Court
b) Madras High Court
c) Karnataka High Court
d) Andhra Pradesh High Court
Answer: b) Madras High Court
Explanation: Madras High Court exercises jurisdiction over Puducherry.
41. Who can extend the jurisdiction of a High Court to Union Territories?
a) Parliament
b) President
c) Supreme Court
d) Governor
Answer: a) Parliament
Explanation: Parliament can extend the jurisdiction of High Courts to Union Territories.
42. Which High Court is known as the ‘Green Court’ due to maximum number of environmental cases?
a) Delhi High Court
b) Madras High Court
c) Calcutta High Court
d) Kerala High Court
Answer: d) Kerala High Court
Explanation: Kerala High Court has dealt with maximum environmental cases, earning the name “Green Court”.
43. High Court judges take oath before:
a) President of India
b) Governor of State
c) Chief Justice of India
d) Prime Minister
Answer: b) Governor of State
Explanation: High Court judges take oath before the Governor of the State.
44. Which Article mentions that High Courts shall have powers to issue writs not only for Fundamental Rights but also for any other purpose?
a) Article 32
b) Article 226
c) Article 227
d) Article 228
Answer: b) Article 226
Explanation: Article 226 is wider than Article 32 as it allows writs for any other purpose.
45. Who decides the transfer of Chief Justices from one High Court to another?
a) Chief Justice of India
b) President of India
c) Prime Minister
d) Governor of State
Answer: b) President of India
Explanation: President transfers Chief Justices of High Courts after consultation with CJI.
46. The High Court is directly under the administrative control of:
a) Governor
b) Supreme Court
c) President
d) Parliament
Answer: c) President
Explanation: Though High Courts are independent, their judges are appointed and controlled by the President.
47. High Court judges are not eligible to practice law:
a) In the Supreme Court
b) In other High Courts
c) In the same High Court where they served
d) In Tribunals
Answer: c) In the same High Court where they served
Explanation: Retired High Court judges cannot practice in the same High Court (Article 220).
48. The Governor appoints which officer in a High Court?
a) Chief Justice
b) Judges
c) Advocate General
d) Registrar General
Answer: c) Advocate General
Explanation: The Governor appoints the Advocate General of the State, not judges.
49. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Ladakh?
a) Himachal Pradesh High Court
b) Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh High Court
c) Punjab & Haryana High Court
d) Delhi High Court
Answer: b) Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh High Court
Explanation: After reorganization in 2019, J&K High Court serves both Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh.
50. Who can increase the number of permanent judges in a High Court?
a) President
b) Governor
c) Parliament
d) Chief Justice of India
Answer: a) President
Explanation: The President of India can increase the number of permanent judges in High Courts.
51. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Andaman & Nicobar Islands?
a) Calcutta High Court
b) Madras High Court
c) Kerala High Court
d) Andhra Pradesh High Court
Answer: a) Calcutta High Court
Explanation: The Calcutta High Court exercises jurisdiction over Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
52. Which High Court has the largest bench strength in India?
a) Bombay High Court
b) Allahabad High Court
c) Delhi High Court
d) Madras High Court
Answer: b) Allahabad High Court
Explanation: Allahabad High Court has the maximum sanctioned strength of judges.
53. The High Court can issue writs under:
a) Article 32
b) Article 226
c) Article 227
d) Article 230
Answer: b) Article 226
Explanation: Article 226 empowers High Courts to issue writs for enforcement of rights and other purposes.
54. Which Article deals with administrative control of High Courts over subordinate courts?
a) Article 228
b) Article 229
c) Article 235
d) Article 236
Answer: c) Article 235
Explanation: Article 235 gives High Courts control over district and subordinate courts.
55. The High Court can transfer a case from one court to another under which Article?
a) Article 227
b) Article 228
c) Article 230
d) Article 232
Answer: a) Article 227
Explanation: Article 227 gives High Courts the power of superintendence over all courts under its jurisdiction.
56. Who appoints the Chief Justice of a High Court?
a) Governor
b) President
c) Prime Minister
d) Chief Justice of India
Answer: b) President
Explanation: The President appoints the Chief Justice of a High Court after consultation with CJI and Governor.
57. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Lakshadweep?
a) Kerala High Court
b) Madras High Court
c) Bombay High Court
d) Karnataka High Court
Answer: a) Kerala High Court
Explanation: Kerala High Court exercises jurisdiction over Lakshadweep.
58. Which High Court was the first to declare that Right to Privacy is a Fundamental Right?
a) Bombay High Court
b) Madras High Court
c) Kerala High Court
d) Delhi High Court
Answer: c) Kerala High Court
Explanation: Kerala High Court first held Right to Privacy as part of Fundamental Rights, later upheld by Supreme Court.
59. The first High Court in India was established at:
a) Bombay
b) Madras
c) Calcutta
d) Allahabad
Answer: c) Calcutta
Explanation: The Calcutta High Court was established in 1862, followed by Bombay and Madras.
60. Who determines the seat (location) of a High Court?
a) Parliament
b) Governor
c) President
d) Chief Justice of India
Answer: c) President
Explanation: The President decides the seat of a High Court.
61. Who administers the oath of office to the Chief Justice of a High Court?
a) President
b) Governor
c) Chief Justice of India
d) Prime Minister
Answer: b) Governor
Explanation: The Governor of the state administers oath to the Chief Justice of the High Court.
62. Which High Court exercises jurisdiction over Chandigarh?
a) Delhi High Court
b) Punjab & Haryana High Court
c) Allahabad High Court
d) Himachal Pradesh High Court
Answer: b) Punjab & Haryana High Court
Explanation: The Punjab & Haryana High Court at Chandigarh has jurisdiction over Chandigarh UT.
63. Which High Court is called the “Mother High Court of India”?
a) Bombay High Court
b) Calcutta High Court
c) Madras High Court
d) Allahabad High Court
Answer: b) Calcutta High Court
Explanation: Calcutta High Court is called the “Mother High Court” as many other High Courts were carved out of it.
64. Who can establish a common High Court for two or more states?
a) Governor
b) President
c) Parliament
d) Chief Justice of India
Answer: c) Parliament
Explanation: Only Parliament can establish a common High Court for two or more states (Article 231).
65. Which Article prohibits High Court judges from practicing law after retirement in the same court?
a) Article 217
b) Article 220
c) Article 221
d) Article 224
Answer: b) Article 220
Explanation: Article 220 prohibits retired High Court judges from practicing in the same court.
66. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Delhi?
a) Punjab & Haryana High Court
b) Delhi High Court
c) Supreme Court
d) Allahabad High Court
Answer: b) Delhi High Court
Explanation: The Delhi High Court exercises jurisdiction over the National Capital Territory of Delhi.
67. Which High Court is known for the PIL movement in India?
a) Kerala High Court
b) Bombay High Court
c) Delhi High Court
d) Allahabad High Court
Answer: d) Allahabad High Court
Explanation: Allahabad High Court is known for initiating the Public Interest Litigation (PIL) movement.
68. The President appoints High Court judges in consultation with:
a) Prime Minister
b) Chief Justice of India
c) Governor of State
d) Both b & c
Answer: d) Both b & c
Explanation: The President appoints High Court judges in consultation with CJI and Governor of the state.
69. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Maharashtra?
a) Madras High Court
b) Bombay High Court
c) Allahabad High Court
d) Delhi High Court
Answer: b) Bombay High Court
Explanation: Bombay High Court exercises jurisdiction over Maharashtra.
70. Which High Court covers the Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu?
a) Gujarat High Court
b) Bombay High Court
c) Madras High Court
d) Delhi High Court
Answer: a) Gujarat High Court
Explanation: Gujarat High Court covers Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu.
71. The High Court has power of judicial review under:
a) Article 13
b) Article 32
c) Article 226
d) Article 368
Answer: c) Article 226
Explanation: Judicial review is exercised by High Courts under Article 226 through writ jurisdiction.
72. Which High Court is the oldest in India?
a) Madras High Court
b) Bombay High Court
c) Calcutta High Court
d) Allahabad High Court
Answer: c) Calcutta High Court
Explanation: Established in 1862, Calcutta High Court is the oldest High Court in India.
73. Who decides the transfer of a High Court judge (not Chief Justice)?
a) Governor
b) President
c) Chief Justice of India
d) Prime Minister
Answer: b) President
Explanation: The President orders transfer of High Court judges after consultation with the Chief Justice of India.
74. Which Article empowers the President to establish a High Court?
a) Article 214
b) Article 216
c) Article 230
d) Article 231
Answer: c) Article 230
Explanation: Article 230 empowers the President to establish a High Court for any Union Territory.
75. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Telangana?
a) Andhra Pradesh High Court
b) Hyderabad High Court
c) Telangana High Court
d) Madras High Court
Answer: c) Telangana High Court
Explanation: Telangana got its separate High Court in 2019, named Telangana High Court.
76. The High Court judge can be removed by:
a) Governor
b) President
c) Parliament by impeachment
d) Supreme Court
Answer: b) President
Explanation: High Court judges are removed by the President on the basis of Parliament’s address supported by a special majority.
77. Who fixes the salaries of High Court judges?
a) Parliament
b) President
c) Governor
d) Supreme Court
Answer: a) Parliament
Explanation: Parliament determines the salaries, allowances, and pensions of High Court judges.
78. Which Article provides that every State shall have a High Court?
a) Article 214
b) Article 215
c) Article 216
d) Article 217
Answer: a) Article 214
Explanation: Article 214 provides that there shall be a High Court for each state.
79. Who can increase the jurisdiction of a High Court?
a) Governor
b) State Legislature
c) Parliament
d) President
Answer: c) Parliament
Explanation: Only Parliament can extend or enlarge the jurisdiction of a High Court.
80. The age of retirement of a High Court judge is:
a) 60 years
b) 62 years
c) 65 years
d) 70 years
Answer: b) 62 years
Explanation: High Court judges retire at the age of 62 years (while Supreme Court judges at 65 years).
81. Who has the power to establish benches of High Courts?
a) President
b) Governor
c) Parliament
d) Chief Justice of India
Answer: a) President
Explanation: The President has the power to establish benches of High Courts.
82. Who decides disputes relating to the election of a High Court judge?
a) President
b) Supreme Court
c) Parliament
d) Election Commission
Answer: b) Supreme Court
Explanation: Any dispute regarding the appointment or conditions of High Court judges is decided by the Supreme Court.
83. Which Article provides that the High Court shall be a court of record?
a) Article 214
b) Article 215
c) Article 216
d) Article 217
Answer: b) Article 215
Explanation: Article 215 declares High Court as a court of record, having power to punish for contempt.
84. High Courts can hear election petitions under which law?
a) Representation of People Act, 1951
b) Constitution (103rd Amendment) Act
c) Article 217
d) Supreme Court Rules
Answer: a) Representation of People Act, 1951
Explanation: Election petitions to State Legislative Assemblies are decided by High Courts under this Act.
85. Who can remove the Chief Justice of a High Court?
a) Governor
b) President
c) Chief Justice of India
d) Parliament
Answer: b) President
Explanation: The Chief Justice of a High Court can only be removed by the President in the same manner as other judges.
86. Which of the following is NOT a writ issued by High Court?
a) Habeas Corpus
b) Mandamus
c) Certiorari
d) Quo Warranto
Answer: None (all are writs)
Explanation: All these writs are issued by High Courts under Article 226.
87. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Puducherry?
a) Kerala High Court
b) Madras High Court
c) Andhra Pradesh High Court
d) Karnataka High Court
Answer: b) Madras High Court
Explanation: The Madras High Court exercises jurisdiction over Puducherry UT.
88. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh?
a) Jammu & Kashmir High Court
b) Delhi High Court
c) Punjab & Haryana High Court
d) None
Answer: a) Jammu & Kashmir High Court
Explanation: After Article 370 abrogation, J&K High Court has jurisdiction over both J&K and Ladakh.
89. The High Court judge must be an Indian citizen and have how many years of judicial office experience?
a) 5 years
b) 7 years
c) 10 years
d) 12 years
Answer: c) 10 years
Explanation: A person must have 10 years of judicial office or 10 years as an advocate of a High Court to qualify.
90. Who determines the number of judges in a High Court?
a) Governor
b) Parliament
c) President
d) Supreme Court
Answer: c) President
Explanation: The President determines the strength of judges in a High Court from time to time.
91. The jurisdiction of High Courts extends to:
a) Civil cases
b) Criminal cases
c) Constitutional cases
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
Explanation: High Courts handle civil, criminal, and constitutional matters.
92. The power of superintendence of High Court does NOT extend to:
a) Military courts
b) District courts
c) Sessions courts
d) Tribunals under its jurisdiction
Answer: a) Military courts
Explanation: High Courts do not have superintendence over military courts.
93. A judge of High Court can resign by writing to:
a) President
b) Governor
c) Chief Justice of India
d) Prime Minister
Answer: a) President
Explanation: High Court judges submit resignation letters to the President of India.
94. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Meghalaya?
a) Gauhati High Court
b) Meghalaya High Court
c) Assam High Court
d) Calcutta High Court
Answer: b) Meghalaya High Court
Explanation: Meghalaya got a separate High Court in 2013.
95. High Court judges are appointed under:
a) Article 214
b) Article 217
c) Article 222
d) Article 224
Answer: b) Article 217
Explanation: Article 217 deals with the appointment and conditions of High Court judges.
96. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Goa?
a) Kerala High Court
b) Madras High Court
c) Bombay High Court
d) Karnataka High Court
Answer: c) Bombay High Court
Explanation: Bombay High Court has jurisdiction over Maharashtra, Goa, and also Daman & Diu.
97. The concept of High Court in India was borrowed from which country?
a) USA
b) UK
c) Ireland
d) Canada
Answer: b) UK
Explanation: The system of High Courts in India was taken from the British system.
98. Which High Court has jurisdiction over Nagaland?
a) Gauhati High Court
b) Nagaland High Court
c) Calcutta High Court
d) Manipur High Court
Answer: a) Gauhati High Court
Explanation: Nagaland falls under the jurisdiction of Gauhati High Court.
99. The first woman Chief Justice of a High Court in India was:
a) Leila Seth
b) Fatima Beevi
c) Anna Chandy
d) Sujata Manohar
Answer: a) Leila Seth
Explanation: Justice Leila Seth became the first woman Chief Justice of a High Court (Himachal Pradesh HC in 1991).
100. High Court judges can be transferred from one High Court to another by:
a) Governor
b) President
c) Parliament
d) Chief Justice of India
Answer: b) President
Explanation: The President transfers High Court judges after consultation with the Chief Justice of India.