1. If 25% of a number is 80, what is the number?
a) 240
b) 300
c) 320
d) 400
Answer: c) 320
Explanation: 25% of number = 80 → (25/100) × N = 80 → N = (80 × 100)/25 = 320.
2. What is 45% of 200?
a) 80
b) 85
c) 90
d) 95
Answer: c) 90
Explanation: (45/100) × 200 = 90.
3. A student scored 360 marks out of 600. What is the percentage?
a) 60%
b) 62%
c) 65%
d) 66%
Answer: a) 60%
Explanation: (360/600) × 100 = 60%.
4. If a shirt is sold at ₹900 after allowing a discount of 10%, the marked price is:
a) ₹950
b) ₹1000
c) ₹1050
d) ₹1100
Answer: b) ₹1000
Explanation: 10% discount means 90% of MP = 900 → MP = 900 × 100/90 = 1000.
5. The population of a town increases by 10% annually. If the present population is 10,000, then the population after 2 years will be:
a) 11,000
b) 11,100
c) 12,100
d) 12,210
Answer: d) 12,210
Explanation: Population = 10000 × (1 + 10/100)² = 10000 × 1.21 = 12,210.
6. A number is increased by 20% and then decreased by 20%. The net percentage change is:
a) 0%
b) 2% decrease
c) 4% decrease
d) 4% increase
Answer: c) 4% decrease
Explanation: Net % change = (20 × 20)/100 = 4% decrease.
7. 40% of 80 is equal to:
a) 28
b) 30
c) 32
d) 34
Answer: c) 32
Explanation: (40/100) × 80 = 32.
8. If the price of sugar rises from ₹20/kg to ₹25/kg, the percentage increase in price is:
a) 20%
b) 22%
c) 24%
d) 25%
Answer: a) 20%
Explanation: % Increase = (5/20) × 100 = 25%. Correction: Answer is d) 25%.
9. A man spends 85% of his income. If his income is ₹12,000, then his savings are:
a) ₹1500
b) ₹1600
c) ₹1700
d) ₹1800
Answer: b) ₹1800
Explanation: Savings = 15% of 12000 = 1800.
10.The difference between 40% of a number and 28% of the same number is 120. The number is:
a) 800
b) 850
c) 900
d) 1000
Answer: d) 1000
Explanation: (40% – 28%) × N = 120 → 12% × N = 120 → N = 1000.
11. What percent is 25 paise of ₹1?
a) 20%
b) 25%
c) 30%
d) 40%
Answer: b) 25%
Explanation: (0.25/1) × 100 = 25%.
12.If A’s salary is 25% more than B’s, then B’s salary is how much percent less than A’s?
a) 15%
b) 18%
c) 20%
d) 25%
Answer: c) 20%
Explanation: Assume B = 100, then A = 125. % decrease from 125 to 100 = (25/125) × 100 = 20%.
13. A student got 75 marks in Mathematics which is 60% of the maximum marks. The maximum marks are:
a) 120
b) 125
c) 130
d) 135
Answer: b) 125
Explanation: (60/100) × M = 75 → M = 75 × 100/60 = 125.
14. If 8 is 20% of a number, the number is:
a) 30
b) 35
c) 40
d) 45
Answer: c) 40
Explanation: (20/100) × N = 8 → N = 40.
15. If the price of an article is reduced by 20%, then by what percent must the reduced price be increased to get back the original price?
a) 20%
b) 22%
c) 25%
d) 30%
Answer: c) 25%
Explanation: If price = 100, reduced = 80. To restore → (20/80) × 100 = 25%.
16. In a class of 50 students, 20% are girls. How many boys are there?
a) 30
b) 35
c) 40
d) 45
Answer: c) 40
Explanation: Girls = 20% of 50 = 10 → Boys = 50 – 10 = 40.
17. If the cost price is ₹250 and selling price is ₹300, then the profit percentage is:
a) 15%
b) 18%
c) 20%
d) 25%
Answer: c) 20%
Explanation: Profit = 50. % Profit = (50/250) × 100 = 20%.
18. A candidate scored 720 marks and failed by 30 marks as 60% is the pass mark. What are the maximum marks?
a) 1200
b) 1250
c) 1300
d) 1350
Answer: b) 1250
Explanation: Pass marks = 720 + 30 = 750. Pass % = 60 → 60% of M = 750 → M = 1250.
19. The price of a commodity falls by 20%. By how much percent must the consumption be increased to keep expenditure constant?
a) 20%
b) 25%
c) 30%
d) 35%
Answer: b) 25%
Explanation: % increase = (20/80) × 100 = 25%.
20. If A is 25% more than B, then A is what percent of B?
a) 100%
b) 110%
c) 120%
d) 125%
Answer: d) 125%
Explanation: If B = 100, then A = 125 → A is 125% of B.
21. What percent of 2 hours is 30 minutes?
a) 20%
b) 25%
c) 30%
d) 35%
Answer: b) 25%
Explanation: 2 hours = 120 minutes → (30/120) × 100 = 25%.
22. If 35% of a number is 84, then the number is:
a) 200
b) 220
c) 240
d) 250
Answer: c) 240
Explanation: (35/100) × N = 84 → N = 240.
23. What percent of 80 is 20?
a) 20%
b) 25%
c) 30%
d) 35%
Answer: b) 25%
Explanation: (20/80) × 100 = 25%.
24. A man sold an article for ₹540 at a loss of 10%. What was the cost price?
a) ₹580
b) ₹590
c) ₹600
d) ₹620
Answer: c) ₹600
Explanation: SP = 90% of CP → CP = 540 × 100/90 = 600.
25. A student secures 468 marks out of 600. What is the percentage?
a) 75%
b) 77%
c) 78%
d) 80%
Answer: c) 78%
Explanation: (468/600) × 100 = 78%.
26. If 10% of a number is 50, the number is:
a) 400
b) 450
c) 500
d) 550
Answer: c) 500
Explanation: (10/100) × N = 50 → N = 500.
27. An article is sold at a loss of 15%. If it was sold for ₹170 more, there would have been a gain of 5%. The cost price is:
a) ₹750
b) ₹800
c) ₹850
d) ₹900
Answer: b) ₹850
Explanation: Difference between 5% gain & 15% loss = 20% of CP = 170 → CP = 850.
28. If the price of an article increases by 25%, by what percent must a consumer reduce consumption so that expenditure does not change?
a) 15%
b) 18%
c) 20%
d) 25%
Answer: c) 20%
Explanation: Required decrease = (25/125) × 100 = 20%.
29. In a school, 40% of students are boys. If the number of girls is 450, the total number of students is:
a) 650
b) 700
c) 750
d) 800
Answer: c) 750
Explanation: Girls = 60% → 60% = 450 → 100% = 450 × 100/60 = 750.
30. If 5% of A = 10% of B, then A : B = ?
a) 1 : 2
b) 2 : 1
c) 3 : 2
d) 2 : 3
Answer: a) 1 : 2
Explanation: 5A/100 = 10B/100 → A/B = 2 → A : B = 1 : 2.
31. The salary of a man is increased by 20% and then decreased by 10%. The net change is:
a) 8% increase
b) 10% increase
c) 8% decrease
d) 10% decrease
Answer: a) 8% increase
Explanation: Net % = (20 – 10 – (20×10)/100) = 8% increase.
32. The price of rice is reduced by 20%. A man can buy 25 kg more for ₹750. The reduced price per kg is:
a) ₹6
b) ₹8
c) ₹10
d) ₹12
Answer: b) ₹8
Explanation: 20% of CP = 750/25 = 30 → CP = 150 → per kg price = 150/ (25)?? Correction: let original price per kg = x. Reduced price = 0.8x. Quantity = 750/0.8x. Extra = 25 → (750/0.8x – 750/x) = 25 → solve x = 10 → reduced price = 8.
33. What percent of 1.25 is 0.25?
a) 15%
b) 18%
c) 20%
d) 25%
Answer: c) 20%
Explanation: (0.25/1.25) × 100 = 20%.
34. If the radius of a circle is increased by 20%, the area is increased by:
a) 36%
b) 40%
c) 44%
d) 46%
Answer: a) 36%
Explanation: Area ∝ r² → (1.2² – 1) × 100 = 44% correction → 1.44 – 1 = 0.44 = 44% increase. Answer: c) 44%.
35. A number is increased by 10% and then again increased by 10%. The overall increase is:
a) 20%
b) 21%
c) 22%
d) 23%
Answer: b) 21%
Explanation: Net increase = 10 + 10 + (10×10)/100 = 21%.
36. If 25% of x = 45, then x = ?
a) 160
b) 170
c) 180
d) 190
Answer: c) 180
Explanation: (25/100) × x = 45 → x = 180.
37. If the price of petrol rises by 25%, the consumption must be reduced by what % to keep expenditure constant?
a) 15%
b) 18%
c) 20%
d) 25%
Answer: c) 20%
Explanation: % decrease = (25/125) × 100 = 20%.
38. In an examination, 35% students failed and 455 passed. The total number of students is:
a) 650
b) 700
c) 750
d) 800
Answer: b) 700
Explanation: Passed = 65% = 455 → Total = (455 × 100)/65 = 700.
39. If 15% of 40% of a number is 30, then the number is:
a) 400
b) 500
c) 600
d) 700
Answer: b) 500
Explanation: (15/100 × 40/100) × N = 30 → N = 500.
40. A man spends 35% of his income on food, 25% on house rent, 20% on clothes and saves the remaining ₹1800. His income is:
a) ₹6000
b) ₹7000
c) ₹8000
d) ₹9000
Answer: c) ₹8000
Explanation: Total spent = 80% → saving = 20% → 20% = 1800 → 100% = 9000. Correction → 35+25+20 = 80% spent → 20% = 1800 → income = 9000. Answer = d) 9000.
41. The salary of a man is first increased by 20% and then decreased by 20%. The net effect is:
a) No change
b) 4% decrease
c) 4% increase
d) 8% decrease
Answer: b) 4% decrease
Explanation: Net % = (20 × 20)/100 = 4% decrease.
42 .In a school, 60% of students are boys. If the number of girls is 240, the total number of students is:
a) 500
b) 550
c) 600
d) 650
Answer: c) 600
Explanation: Girls = 40% = 240 → Total = 240 × 100/40 = 600.
43. A number is decreased by 10% and then again decreased by 20%. The overall decrease is:
a) 28%
b) 30%
c) 32%
d) 33%
Answer: a) 28%
Explanation: Net decrease = 10 + 20 – (10×20)/100 = 28%.
44.If A = 30% of B and B = 40% of C, then A is what percent of C?
a) 10%
b) 12%
c) 15%
d) 20%
Answer: b) 12%
Explanation: A = 0.3B, B = 0.4C → A = 0.3×0.4C = 0.12C → 12%.
45. If 40% of a number is 72, what is 60% of that number?
a) 90
b) 100
c) 108
d) 120
Answer: d) 108
Explanation: 40% = 72 → Number = 72×100/40 = 180 → 60% = 108.
46. If the population of a city increases by 5% annually, then the population in 2 years will increase by:
a) 10%
b) 10.25%
c) 10.5%
d) 11%
Answer: b) 10.25%
Explanation: Net = (1.05² – 1) × 100 = 10.25%.
47. A’s salary is 20% more than B’s. By what % is B’s salary less than A’s?
a) 16.66%
b) 18%
c) 20%
d) 25%
Answer: a) 16.66%
Explanation: Assume B = 100, A = 120 → decrease = (20/120) × 100 = 16.66%.
48. If a number is increased by 20% and then decreased by 25%, the overall change is:
a) 0%
b) 2% decrease
c) 5% decrease
d) 10% decrease
Answer: c) 5% decrease
Explanation: Net change = 20 – 25 – (20×25)/100 = –5%.
49.The difference between 55% and 45% of a number is 50. The number is:
a) 400
b) 450
c) 500
d) 550
Answer: c) 500
Explanation: (55–45)% × N = 10% × N = 50 → N = 500.
50. In a class of 80 students, 60% are boys. How many girls are there?
a) 30
b) 32
c) 34
d) 36
Answer: b) 32
Explanation: Boys = 60% of 80 = 48 → Girls = 80 – 48 = 32.
51. If 75% of a number is 225, the number is:
a) 250
b) 275
c) 300
d) 325
Answer: c) 300
Explanation: (75/100) × N = 225 → N = 300.
52. If the cost price of an article is ₹800 and it is sold at a profit of 15%, the selling price is:
a) ₹880
b) ₹900
c) ₹920
d) ₹920
Answer: b) ₹920
Explanation: SP = CP × (1 + 15/100) = 800 × 1.15 = 920.
53. If A’s income is 40% more than B’s, then B’s income is what percent less than A’s?
a) 28.5%
b) 30%
c) 33%
d) 35%
Answer: a) 28.5%
Explanation: Let B = 100 → A = 140. % less = (40/140) × 100 = 28.57%.
54. A number is increased by 25% and then again increased by 20%. The overall percentage increase is:
a) 45%
b) 46%
c) 47%
d) 48%
Answer: b) 50%?? Correction → 25 + 20 + (25×20)/100 = 25 + 20 + 5 = 50%. Answer = 50% (Not listed, maybe printing error. Correct = 50%).
55. If the price of a commodity increases from ₹200 to ₹250, then the percentage increase is:
a) 20%
b) 22%
c) 24%
d) 25%
Answer: d) 25%
Explanation: Increase = 50 → % increase = (50/200) × 100 = 25%.
56. If 40% of A = 50% of B, then A : B = ?
a) 4 : 5
b) 5 : 4
c) 2 : 3
d) 3 : 2
Answer: b) 5 : 4
Explanation: 40A = 50B → A/B = 50/40 = 5/4.
57. If the salary of a man is increased by 10% and then again increased by 20%, then the net increase is:
a) 28%
b) 30%
c) 32%
d) 33%
Answer: b) 32%
Explanation: Net = 10 + 20 + (10×20)/100 = 32%.
58. If 20% of a number is 50, then 30% of that number is:
a) 70
b) 75
c) 80
d) 85
Answer: b) 75
Explanation: 20% = 50 → number = 250 → 30% = 75.
59. The population of a city increased from 20,000 to 25,000. The percentage increase is:
a) 20%
b) 22%
c) 24%
d) 25%
Answer: d) 25%
Explanation: Increase = 5000 → (5000/20000) × 100 = 25%.
60. If A is 25% of B and B is 50% of C, then A is what percent of C?
a) 10%
b) 12.5%
c) 15%
d) 20%
Answer: b) 12.5%
Explanation: A = (25/100) B = (25/100) × (50/100) C = 12.5% of C.
61. If the cost price of an article is ₹400 and it is sold at a loss of 15%, the selling price is:
a) ₹320
b) ₹340
c) ₹360
d) ₹380
Answer: c) ₹340
Explanation: SP = CP × (1 – 15/100) = 400 × 0.85 = 340.
62. The price of sugar is reduced by 25%. A man can buy 5 kg more for ₹300. The reduced price per kg is:
a) ₹12
b) ₹15
c) ₹18
d) ₹20
Answer: b) ₹15
Explanation: Let original price = x. Reduced = 0.75x. Extra = 5 kg. → (300/0.75x – 300/x) = 5 → solve x = 20 → reduced = 15.
63. If 85% of a number is 255, then the number is:
a) 280
b) 290
c) 300
d) 310
Answer: c) 300
Explanation: (85/100) × N = 255 → N = 300.
64. If 45% of A = 30% of B, then A : B = ?
a) 2 : 3
b) 3 : 2
c) 4 : 3
d) 3 : 4
Answer: a) 2 : 3
Explanation: 45A = 30B → A/B = 30/45 = 2/3.
65. A man spends 70% of his income and saves ₹600. His income is:
a) ₹1800
b) ₹1900
c) ₹2000
d) ₹2100
Answer: c) ₹2000
Explanation: Savings = 30% = 600 → 100% = 2000.
66. If 10% of x = 20% of y, then x : y = ?
a) 1 : 2
b) 2 : 1
c) 3 : 2
d) 2 : 3
Answer: b) 2 : 1
Explanation: 10x = 20y → x : y = 2 : 1.
67. If the population increases by 8% annually, then in 2 years it will increase by:
a) 15%
b) 16.64%
c) 17%
d) 17.5%
Answer: b) 16.64%
Explanation: Net = (1.08² – 1) × 100 = 16.64%.
68. If the cost price is ₹240 and the selling price is ₹300, the profit % is:
a) 20%
b) 22%
c) 24%
d) 25%
Answer: d) 25%
Explanation: Profit = 60 → (60/240) × 100 = 25%.
69. A number is decreased by 25% and then again decreased by 20%. The net decrease is:
a) 40%
b) 42%
c) 44%
d) 45%
Answer: b) 40%?? Correction
Formula: Net decrease = 25 + 20 – (25×20)/100 = 45 – 5 = 40%. Answer = a) 40%.
70. If A = 60% of B and B = 80% of C, then A is what % of C?
a) 40%
b) 45%
c) 48%
d) 50%
Answer: c) 48%
Explanation: A = 0.6B, B = 0.8C → A = 0.6 × 0.8C = 0.48C = 48%.
71. If the price of an article is reduced by 20%, the number of articles bought for ₹240 increases by 10. The original price per article is:
a) ₹8
b) ₹10
c) ₹12
d) ₹15
Answer: b) ₹12
Explanation: Let price = x. Reduced = 0.8x. → (240/0.8x – 240/x) = 10 → solve x = 12.
72. The price of a commodity decreases from ₹500 to ₹400. The percentage decrease is:
a) 18%
b) 20%
c) 22%
d) 25%
Answer: b) 20%
Explanation: Decrease = 100 → (100/500) × 100 = 20%.
73. If 60% of a number is 90, then 75% of that number is:
a) 100
b) 110
c) 112.5
d) 120
Answer: c) 112.5
Explanation: 60% = 90 → number = 150 → 75% = 112.5.
74. A’s salary is 50% more than B’s. Then B’s salary is what percent less than A’s?
a) 30%
b) 33.33%
c) 35%
d) 40%
Answer: b) 33.33%
Explanation: Assume B = 100 → A = 150 → decrease = (50/150) × 100 = 33.33%.
75. A number is first increased by 40% and then decreased by 30%. The net change is:
a) 2% increase
b) 4% increase
c) 2% decrease
d) 4% decrease
Answer: b) 2% increase
Explanation: Net = 40 – 30 – (40×30)/100 = 10 – 12 = –2 (decrease). Correction: Actual = –2 → Answer = c) 2% decrease.
76. If 30% of a number is 45, what is 80% of that number?
a) 110
b) 115
c) 120
d) 125
Answer: c) 120
Explanation: 30% = 45 → Number = 150 → 80% = 120.
77. The price of an article increases from ₹500 to ₹600. The percentage increase is:
a) 15%
b) 18%
c) 20%
d) 25%
Answer: c) 20%
Explanation: Increase = 100 → (100/500) × 100 = 20%.
78. If the length of a rectangle is increased by 25% and the breadth is decreased by 20%, the area changes by:
a) 0%
b) 2% decrease
c) 5% decrease
d) 10% increase
Answer: a) 0%
Explanation: Net % change = 25 – 20 – (25×20)/100 = 0%.
79. If A = 80% of B and B = 60% of C, then A is what % of C?
a) 40%
b) 42%
c) 45%
d) 48%
Answer: d) 48%
Explanation: A = 0.8B, B = 0.6C → A = 0.48C = 48%.
80. If a number is increased by 50% and then decreased by 50%, the net change is:
a) No change
b) 25% decrease
c) 50% decrease
d) 75% decrease
Answer: b) 25% decrease
Explanation: Net % change = (50×50)/100 = 25% decrease.
81. In an exam, 40% failed and 420 passed. The total number of students is:
a) 650
b) 680
c) 700
d) 720
Answer: c) 700
Explanation: Passed = 60% = 420 → Total = (420×100)/60 = 700.
82. If the price of sugar falls by 25%, a man can buy 5 kg more for ₹200. The original price per kg is:
a) ₹8
b) ₹10
c) ₹12
d) ₹16
Answer: b) ₹10
Explanation: Let price = x → reduced = 0.75x. (200/0.75x – 200/x) = 5 → x = 10.
83. A man spends 60% of his income and saves ₹600. His income is:
a) ₹1200
b) ₹1400
c) ₹1500
d) ₹1600
Answer: c) ₹1500
Explanation: Savings = 40% = 600 → 100% = 1500.
84. If 40% of a number is 48, the number is:
a) 100
b) 110
c) 120
d) 130
Answer: c) 120
Explanation: (40/100) × N = 48 → N = 120.
85. If the price of petrol rises by 20%, then to keep expenditure constant, consumption must be reduced by:
a) 15%
b) 16.66%
c) 18%
d) 20%
Answer: b) 16.66%
Explanation: Required decrease = (20/120) × 100 = 16.66%.
86. If A’s salary is 60% of B’s and B’s salary is 80% of C’s, then A’s salary is what % of C’s?
a) 48%
b) 50%
c) 55%
d) 60%
Answer: a) 48%
Explanation: A = 0.6B, B = 0.8C → A = 0.48C = 48%.
87. If the cost price of an article is ₹400 and the selling price is ₹500, the profit % is:
a) 20%
b) 22%
c) 24%
d) 25%
Answer: d) 25%
Explanation: Profit = 100 → (100/400) × 100 = 25%.
88. If the price of an article is increased by 25% and then decreased by 20%, the net change is:
a) 0%
b) 2% decrease
c) 4% decrease
d) 5% increase
Answer: d) 0%?? Correction
Net change = 25 – 20 – (25×20)/100 = 5 – 5 = 0 → a) No change.
89. If 90% of a number is 360, the number is:
a) 380
b) 390
c) 400
d) 410
Answer: c) 400
Explanation: 90% of N = 360 → N = 400.
90. If A is 30% more than B, then B is what % less than A?
a) 20%
b) 22%
c) 23%
d) 25%
Answer: a) 23%?? Correction
Let B = 100 → A = 130. % less = (30/130) × 100 = 23.07%. Answer = c) 23%.
91. If 20% of a number is 80, then the number is:
a) 300
b) 350
c) 400
d) 450
Answer: c) 400
Explanation: (20/100) × N = 80 → N = 400.
92. If the cost price of an article is ₹500 and it is sold at a loss of 10%, the selling price is:
a) ₹450
b) ₹460
c) ₹470
d) ₹480
Answer: a) ₹450
Explanation: SP = 500 × 0.9 = 450.
93. If the price of a commodity decreases by 10% and then increases by 10%, the net change is:
a) 0%
b) 1% decrease
c) 2% decrease
d) 3% decrease
Answer: b) 1% decrease
Explanation: Net change = –10 + 10 – (10×10)/100 = –1%.
94. If 15% of a number is 120, then 25% of that number is:
a) 180
b) 190
c) 200
d) 210
Answer: c) 200
Explanation: 15% = 120 → N = 800 → 25% = 200.
95. If 70% of the students in a class are boys and the number of girls is 90, then the total number of students is:
a) 250
b) 260
c) 270
d) 300
Answer: d) 300
Explanation: Girls = 30% = 90 → 100% = 300.
96. If the cost price is ₹600 and the selling price is ₹750, the profit % is:
a) 20%
b) 22%
c) 24%
d) 25%
Answer: d) 25%
Explanation: Profit = 150 → (150/600) × 100 = 25%.
97. If a number is increased by 20% and then decreased by 10%, the net change is:
a) 8% increase
b) 9% increase
c) 10% increase
d) 12% increase
Answer: a) 8% increase
Explanation: Net change = 20 – 10 – (20×10)/100 = 8%.
98. If 12% of a number is 48, then the number is:
a) 350
b) 380
c) 400
d) 420
Answer: c) 400
Explanation: (12/100) × N = 48 → N = 400.
99. If A’s income is 25% less than B’s, then B’s income is what % more than A’s?
a) 28%
b) 30%
c) 33%
d) 35%
Answer: c) 33%
Explanation: Assume B = 100 → A = 75 → difference = 25 → (25/75) × 100 = 33.33%.
100. If the selling price of an article is ₹900 and the loss is 10%, the cost price is:
a) ₹950
b) ₹975
c) ₹1000
d) ₹1050
Answer: c) ₹1000
Explanation: SP = 90% of CP → CP = 900 × 100/90 = 1000.