1. The Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta ruled during which period?
A) 543–753 CE
B) 753–973 CE
C) 1000–1200 CE
D) 973–1200 CE
Answer: B) 753–973 CE
Explanation: They ruled from mid-8th century to late 10th century CE.
2. The capital of Rashtrakutas was?
A) Badami
B) Talakadu
C) Manyakheta (Malkhed)
D) Halebidu
Answer: C) Manyakheta (Malkhed)
Explanation: Their capital was Manyakheta (present-day Malkhed in Kalaburagi, Karnataka).
3. The Rashtrakuta dynasty was founded by?
A) Krishna I
B) Amoghavarsha I
C) Dantidurga
D) Govinda III
Answer: C) Dantidurga
Explanation: Dantidurga (753–756 CE) overthrew the Badami Chalukyas and founded the dynasty.
4. Dantidurga defeated which Chalukya ruler to establish Rashtrakuta rule?
A) Pulakeshin II
B) Kirtivarman II
C) Vikramaditya II
D) Tailapa II
Answer: B) Kirtivarman II
Explanation: Dantidurga defeated Kirtivarman II (Badami Chalukya) around 753 CE.
5. The Rashtrakutas were originally feudatories of?
A) Pallavas
B) Chalukyas of Badami
C) Kadambas
D) Mauryas
Answer: B) Chalukyas of Badami
Explanation: Before independence, they were feudatories of Badami Chalukyas.
6. The Rashtrakutas claimed descent from which lineage?
A) Suryavamsa (Solar dynasty)
B) Chandravamsa (Lunar dynasty)
C) Yadavas (Chandravamsa)
D) Mauryas
Answer: C) Yadavas (Chandravamsa)
Explanation: They claimed descent from Yadava lineage (Chandravamsa).
7. Which Rashtrakuta king constructed the famous Kailasanatha temple at Ellora?
A) Dantidurga
B) Krishna I
C) Amoghavarsha I
D) Govinda III
Answer: B) Krishna I
Explanation: Krishna I (756–773 CE) built the Kailasanatha temple, a rock-cut architectural marvel.
8. The Kailasa temple at Ellora represents which style?
A) Nagara
B) Dravidian rock-cut
C) Vesara
D) Indo-Islamic
Answer: B) Dravidian rock-cut
Explanation: It is the largest monolithic rock-cut temple in Dravidian style.
9. Who was the successor of Krishna I?
A) Govinda II
B) Dhruva Dharavarsha
C) Govinda III
D) Dantidurga
Answer: A) Govinda II
Explanation: Krishna I was succeeded by his son Govinda II (773–780 CE).
10. The Rashtrakuta king who defeated Pallavas and Eastern Chalukyas was?
A) Govinda II
B) Dhruva Dharavarsha
C) Krishna II
D) Amoghavarsha II
Answer: B) Dhruva Dharavarsha
Explanation: Dhruva Dharavarsha (780–793 CE) defeated Pallavas and Eastern Chalukyas.
11. Dhruva Dharavarsha also invaded which northern kingdoms?
A) Pratiharas and Palas
B) Senas and Mauryas
C) Guptas and Kushanas
D) Paramaras and Solankis
Answer: A) Pratiharas and Palas
Explanation: He campaigned in Kannauj against Pratiharas and Palas during the Tripartite struggle.
12. The “Tripartite struggle” for control of Kannauj was fought among?
A) Chalukyas, Gangas, Hoysalas
B) Palas, Pratiharas, Rashtrakutas
C) Cholas, Pandyas, Cheras
D) Kadambas, Pallavas, Cholas
Answer: B) Palas, Pratiharas, Rashtrakutas
Explanation: The three-way conflict for Kannauj dominated 8th–10th century north India.
13. Which Rashtrakuta ruler was most successful in the Tripartite struggle?
A) Dhruva Dharavarsha
B) Govinda III
C) Amoghavarsha I
D) Krishna II
Answer: B) Govinda III
Explanation: Govinda III (793–814 CE) defeated both Palas and Pratiharas, extending power across India.
14. Govinda III’s empire extended from?
A) Narmada to Tungabhadra
B) Himalayas to Cape Comorin
C) Punjab to Kanyakumari
D) Gujarat to Bengal
Answer: B) Himalayas to Cape Comorin
Explanation: His empire stretched from the Himalayas in north to Cape Comorin in south.
15. Which Rashtrakuta ruler is described as “Prithvivallabha” in inscriptions?
A) Krishna I
B) Govinda III
C) Amoghavarsha I
D) Krishna II
Answer: B) Govinda III
Explanation: He was called Prithvivallabha (beloved of the earth).
16. The successor of Govinda III was?
A) Amoghavarsha I
B) Krishna II
C) Indra II
D) Dhruva Dharavarsha
Answer: A) Amoghavarsha I
Explanation: His son Amoghavarsha I (814–878 CE) succeeded him.
17. Which Rashtrakuta ruler shifted the capital from Mayurkhandi to Manyakheta?
A) Krishna I
B) Amoghavarsha I
C) Dantidurga
D) Govinda II
Answer: B) Amoghavarsha I
Explanation: Amoghavarsha I moved the capital to Manyakheta (Malkhed).
18. Amoghavarsha I is compared to which famous king for his peaceful rule?
A) Ashoka
B) Chandragupta Maurya
C) Samudragupta
D) Harshavardhana
Answer: A) Ashoka
Explanation: Amoghavarsha I is called the “Ashoka of the South” for his peace-loving nature.
19. Which Jain scholar was patronized by Amoghavarsha I?
A) Pampa
B) Adikavi Ponna
C) Jinasena
D) Ranna
Answer: C) Jinasena
Explanation: Jinasena wrote Adipurana under Amoghavarsha I’s patronage.
20. Amoghavarsha I himself authored which Kannada classic?
A) Adipurana
B) Kavirajamarga
C) Vikramarjuna Vijaya
D) Sahitya Darpana
Answer: B) Kavirajamarga
Explanation: He wrote Kavirajamarga (c. 850 CE), the earliest available work in Kannada literature.
21. Kavirajamarga was co-authored with?
A) Ponna
B) Jinasena
C) Sri Vijaya
D) Ranna
Answer: C) Sri Vijaya
Explanation: It was written by Amoghavarsha I with Sri Vijaya, a court poet.
22. The religious inclination of Amoghavarsha I was mainly towards?
A) Shaivism
B) Jainism
C) Vaishnavism
D) Buddhism
Answer: B) Jainism
Explanation: Though tolerant of all, Amoghavarsha I was a Jain devotee.
23. Amoghavarsha I constructed the Jain temple at?
A) Pattadakal
B) Shravanabelagola
C) Konnur
D) Jaina Narayana temple at Pattadakal
Answer: D) Jaina Narayana temple at Pattadakal
Explanation: He built Jaina Narayana temple at Pattadakal.
24. The reign of Amoghavarsha I lasted for how many years?
A) 40
B) 60
C) 70
D) 30
Answer: C) 70
Explanation: He ruled for over 60 years (814–878 CE), one of the longest reigns in Indian history.
25. The famous mathematician Mahaviracharya, author of Ganitasarasangraha, lived during which Rashtrakuta king’s reign?
A) Krishna I
B) Amoghavarsha I
C) Govinda III
D) Krishna II
Answer: B) Amoghavarsha I
Explanation: Mahaviracharya flourished under Amoghavarsha I’s rule.
26. The Rashtrakuta empire was divided into administrative units called?
A) Rashtras → Vishayas → Bhuktis → Gramas
B) Rashtras → Vishayas → Nadus → Gramas
C) Provinces → Districts → Villages
D) Rajyas → Mahajanas → Nadus → Uru
Answer: B) Rashtras → Vishayas → Nadus → Gramas
Explanation: Their empire was divided into Rashtras (provinces), Vishayas (districts), Nadus (sub-districts), and Gramas (villages).
27. The head of a Rashtra was called?
A) Rashtrapati
B) Vishayapati
C) Mahamandaleshwara
D) Dandanayaka
Answer: A) Rashtrapati
Explanation: Rashtrapati was the provincial governor under Rashtrakutas.
28. The district officer in Rashtrakuta administration was?
A) Vishayapati
B) Gavunda
C) Nadabova
D) Mahasandhivigrahi
Answer: A) Vishayapati
Explanation: Vishayapati headed a Vishaya (district).
29. The village head under Rashtrakutas was known as?
A) Gavunda
B) Gramakuta
C) Nadabova
D) Gauda
Answer: B) Gramakuta
Explanation: Gramakuta was the village chief, assisted by Gavundas (landlords).
30. The most powerful local elite class under Rashtrakutas were?
A) Brahmadeyas
B) Gavundas
C) Mahajanas
D) Pattanaswamis
Answer: B) Gavundas
Explanation: Gavundas were landlords and military supporters, crucial to local administration.
31. The official accountant and revenue officer in Rashtrakuta administration was called?
A) Nadabova
B) Senabova
C) Dandanayaka
D) Amatya
Answer: A) Nadabova
Explanation: Nadabova kept accounts and managed land revenue collection.
32. The Rashtrakuta kings often assumed the title?
A) Vallabha
B) Prithvivallabha
C) Satya Vakya
D) Haritiputra
Answer: B) Prithvivallabha
Explanation: Rashtrakuta kings used titles like Prithvivallabha (beloved of the earth).
33. The Rashtrakuta army consisted of?
A) Infantry and cavalry only
B) Infantry, cavalry, elephants, chariots
C) Only cavalry and archers
D) Navy only
Answer: B) Infantry, cavalry, elephants, chariots
Explanation: They maintained a Chaturanga bala (fourfold army).
34. The main source of revenue for Rashtrakutas was?
A) Land tax
B) Maritime trade
C) Temple donations
D) Gold mining
Answer: A) Land tax
Explanation: Like other agrarian empires, land revenue was their backbone.
35. The Rashtrakutas encouraged which type of land grants?
A) Brahmadeya and Devadana
B) Jagirs
C) Zamindari
D) Ryotwari
Answer: A) Brahmadeya and Devadana
Explanation: They issued Brahmadeya (to Brahmins) and Devadana (to temples) grants.
36. The Rashtrakutas were tolerant rulers but patronized which religion most?
A) Jainism
B) Buddhism
C) Shaivism
D) Vaishnavism
Answer: A) Jainism
Explanation: They were great patrons of Jainism, though tolerant towards Shaivism and Vaishnavism.
37. Amoghavarsha I was personally inclined towards?
A) Jainism
B) Shaivism
C) Buddhism
D) Vaishnavism
Answer: A) Jainism
Explanation: Amoghavarsha I was a devout Jain and patronized Jain scholars.
38. The Rashtrakuta kings also performed which Vedic rituals to assert power?
A) Ashwamedha Yajna
B) Rajasuya
C) Vajapeya
D) Agnishtoma
Answer: A) Ashwamedha Yajna
Explanation: Dantidurga and others performed Ashwamedha sacrifices to prove sovereignty.
39. The Rashtrakutas patronized which languages?
A) Sanskrit and Kannada
B) Tamil and Telugu
C) Pali and Prakrit
D) Marathi only
Answer: A) Sanskrit and Kannada
Explanation: They promoted Kannada (literature, inscriptions) and Sanskrit (scholarship).
40. The earliest available Kannada literary work is?
A) Kavirajamarga
B) Adipurana
C) Vikramarjuna Vijaya
D) Sahitya Darpana
Answer: A) Kavirajamarga
Explanation: Written by Amoghavarsha I and Sri Vijaya, it’s the earliest known Kannada classic (c. 850 CE).
41. Who among the following was a great mathematician under Rashtrakutas?
A) Aryabhata
B) Varahamihira
C) Mahaviracharya
D) Bhaskara I
Answer: C) Mahaviracharya
Explanation: Mahaviracharya, author of Ganitasarasangraha, lived under Amoghavarsha I.
42. The Rashtrakuta temples at Ellora include?
A) Kailasa temple (Hindu), Jain temples, Buddhist caves
B) Only Jain temples
C) Only Shaivite temples
D) Only Buddhist monasteries
Answer: A) Kailasa temple (Hindu), Jain temples, Buddhist caves
Explanation: Ellora under Rashtrakutas includes Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist monuments.
43. The Rashtrakuta coins bore which emblem?
A) Lion
B) Varaha (boar)
C) Lotus
D) Garuda
Answer: B) Varaha (boar)
Explanation: Like Chalukyas, they used the Varaha emblem.
44. Which Rashtrakuta ruler issued copper plate grants in Sanskrit and Kannada?
A) Dantidurga
B) Krishna I
C) Amoghavarsha I
D) Govinda III
Answer: C) Amoghavarsha I
Explanation: His grants were bilingual, in Sanskrit and Kannada.
45. The Rashtrakutas contributed most to which style of temple architecture?
A) Nagara
B) Vesara (fusion style)
C) Dravidian
D) Kalinga
Answer: B) Vesara (fusion style)
Explanation: They developed Vesara style, continuing from Chalukyas.
46. The Jain scholar Jinasena, patronized by Amoghavarsha I, composed?
A) Adipurana
B) Kavirajamarga
C) Vikramarjuna Vijaya
D) Mahapurana
Answer: A) Adipurana
Explanation: Jinasena wrote Adipurana, a Jain classic.
47. The Rashtrakuta society was characterized by?
A) Caste divisions
B) Feudal landlordism (Gavundas)
C) Jain influence
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Rashtrakuta society had caste, feudalism, and Jain religious patronage.
48. The Rashtrakutas encouraged which unique social-religious practice of Jainism?
A) Sallekhana (ritual fasting to death)
B) Idol worship
C) Sangam assemblies
D) Rathotsava
Answer: A) Sallekhana
Explanation: They respected Jain practice of Sallekhana.
49. The Rashtrakutas are also remembered for promoting?
A) Hero stones (Virgal) tradition
B) Naval expeditions
C) Persian architecture
D) Silk weaving
Answer: A) Hero stones (Virgal) tradition
Explanation: Like Gangas and Chalukyas, they promoted Virgal (hero stones).
50. The cultural legacy of Rashtrakutas can be best described as?
A) Jainism + Vesara architecture + Kannada-Sanskrit literature
B) Maritime trade + Tamil literature
C) Buddhism + Nagara architecture + Pali
D) Islam + Persian influence
Answer: A) Jainism + Vesara architecture + Kannada-Sanskrit literature
Explanation: Their true legacy is Jain patronage, Vesara temples (Ellora, Pattadakal), and Kannada-Sanskrit works.
51. The Rashtrakutas were powerful mainly because of their control over?
A) Bengal delta
B) Kannauj and Deccan trade routes
C) Gujarat ports and central Deccan
D) Kashmir valley
Answer: C) Gujarat ports and central Deccan
Explanation: Their empire controlled Deccan plateau and western seaports, key to wealth and power.
52. The military organization of Rashtrakutas followed?
A) Chaturanga system (four divisions)
B) Only infantry and cavalry
C) Tribal levies
D) Mercenary armies
Answer: A) Chaturanga system (four divisions)
Explanation: Their armies had infantry, cavalry, elephants, and chariots.
53. The Rashtrakutas often depended on which community for cavalry and horse supply?
A) Arabs
B) Persians
C) Tamils
D) Chinese
Answer: A) Arabs
Explanation: Rashtrakutas imported horses from Arabs via western ports.
54. Who among Rashtrakuta kings first participated in the Tripartite struggle for Kannauj?
A) Krishna I
B) Dhruva Dharavarsha
C) Amoghavarsha I
D) Krishna II
Answer: B) Dhruva Dharavarsha
Explanation: Dhruva (780–793 CE) marched north and defeated Pratiharas and Palas.
55. Which Rashtrakuta king gained fame as the most successful military ruler?
A) Govinda II
B) Govinda III
C) Amoghavarsha I
D) Krishna II
Answer: B) Govinda III
Explanation: Govinda III (793–814 CE) extended power from Himalayas to Cape Comorin.
56. Govinda III’s campaigns established Rashtrakutas as?
A) Regional power only
B) Pan-Indian empire
C) Small Karnataka kingdom
D) Pallava feudatories
Answer: B) Pan-Indian empire
Explanation: His victories made Rashtrakutas a pan-Indian power.
57. Which Pratihara king was defeated by Govinda III?
A) Vatsaraja
B) Nagabhata II
C) Mihir Bhoja
D) Ramabhadra
Answer: B) Nagabhata II
Explanation: Nagabhata II (Pratihara) was defeated by Govinda III.
58. Which Pala ruler was humbled by Govinda III?
A) Dharmapala
B) Devapala
C) Gopala I
D) Mahipala
Answer: A) Dharmapala
Explanation: Dharmapala of Bengal was defeated by Govinda III.
59. The famous horse statue coins commemorating military victories were issued by?
A) Dantidurga
B) Govinda III
C) Amoghavarsha I
D) Krishna II
Answer: B) Govinda III
Explanation: He issued coins with horse-rider images symbolizing victory.
60. The long reign of Amoghavarsha I (814–878 CE) was marked by?
A) Aggressive military campaigns
B) Peace and cultural development
C) Continuous defeats
D) Naval conquests
Answer: B) Peace and cultural development
Explanation: Unlike Govinda III, Amoghavarsha I preferred peace and patronized culture.
61. Which Rashtrakuta ruler suffered defeat against the Eastern Chalukyas?
A) Krishna I
B) Krishna II
C) Govinda IV
D) Dantidurga
Answer: B) Krishna II
Explanation: Krishna II (878–914 CE) faced reverses against Eastern Chalukyas.
62. Indra III’s reign (914–929 CE) is noted for?
A) Conquest of Kannauj
B) Patronizing Jainism
C) Maritime trade expansion
D) Losing to Pallavas
Answer: A) Conquest of Kannauj
Explanation: Indra III defeated Pratiharas and occupied Kannauj (915 CE).
63. Which Pratihara ruler was defeated by Indra III?
A) Bhoja I (Mihir Bhoja)
B) Mahendrapala I
C) Mahipala
D) Ramabhadra
Answer: C) Mahipala
Explanation: Mahipala of Kanauj was defeated and Kannauj was occupied by Indra III.
64. Krishna III’s reign (939–967 CE) was marked by?
A) Decline of Rashtrakutas
B) Victories over Cholas and expansion into Tamil country
C) Wars only in Deccan
D) Weak administration
Answer: B) Victories over Cholas and expansion into Tamil country
Explanation: Krishna III defeated Cholas and extended empire to Rameswaram.
65. Which famous temple inscription records Krishna III’s victory over Cholas?
A) Atakur inscription
B) Rameshwaram inscription
C) Tiruvalangadu inscription
D) Kailasa temple inscription
Answer: B) Rameshwaram inscription
Explanation: Krishna III’s Rameshwaram inscription records his victory over Cholas.
66. Krishna III defeated which Chola king?
A) Rajaraja I
B) Aditya I
C) Parantaka I
D) Rajendra I
Answer: C) Parantaka I
Explanation: Parantaka I (Chola) was defeated by Krishna III.
67. The battle of Takkolam (949 CE) was fought between?
A) Rashtrakutas (with Gangas) vs. Cholas
B) Rashtrakutas vs. Palas
C) Chalukyas vs. Rashtrakutas
D) Rashtrakutas vs. Hoysalas
Answer: A) Rashtrakutas (with Gangas) vs. Cholas
Explanation: In Takkolam battle, Krishna III and Ganga ally Butuga II defeated Chola prince Rajaditya.
68. The Chola prince killed in the Battle of Takkolam was?
A) Rajaditya
B) Rajaraja I
C) Rajendra I
D) Aditya II
Answer: A) Rajaditya
Explanation: Rajaditya Chola was slain at Takkolam (949 CE).
69. After Krishna III, the Rashtrakuta empire declined due to?
A) Weak successors
B) Rise of Western Chalukyas (Tailapa II)
C) Feudal revolts
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Decline was caused by weak rulers, feudatories’ rise, and Western Chalukya revival.
70. The last ruler of Rashtrakutas was?
A) Amoghavarsha II
B) Indra IV
C) Krishna III
D) Govinda IV
Answer: B) Indra IV
Explanation: Indra IV (973 CE) was the last ruler, who performed Sallekhana (Jain ritual death by fasting).
71. The dynasty of Western Chalukyas that replaced Rashtrakutas was founded by?
A) Tailapa II
B) Vikramaditya VI
C) Kirtivarman II
D) Pulakeshin II
Answer: A) Tailapa II
Explanation: Tailapa II revived the Chalukya power (973 CE), founding Western Chalukyas of Kalyani.
72. The Rashtrakutas were involved in the famous three-way struggle with?
A) Gangas and Pallavas
B) Palas and Pratiharas
C) Cholas and Hoysalas
D) Kadambas and Alupas
Answer: B) Palas and Pratiharas
Explanation: The Tripartite struggle (8th–10th century) was between Palas, Pratiharas, and Rashtrakutas.
73. Which region was the main cause of Tripartite struggle?
A) Kalinga
B) Gujarat
C) Kannauj
D) Bengal
Answer: C) Kannauj
Explanation: Kannauj in Uttar Pradesh was the prize of the Tripartite struggle.
74. Who among Rashtrakuta rulers established control over Kannauj for the longest period?
A) Dhruva
B) Govinda III
C) Indra III
D) Krishna III
Answer: C) Indra III
Explanation: Indra III (915 CE) occupied Kannauj more effectively than others.
75. The Rashtrakuta empire finally collapsed in 973 CE because?
A) Defeated by Cholas
B) Overthrown by Western Chalukyas under Tailapa II
C) Invaded by Palas
D) Decline in trade
Answer: B) Overthrown by Western Chalukyas under Tailapa II
Explanation: Tailapa II of Kalyani Chalukyas defeated Indra IV, ending Rashtrakutas.
76. The Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta are remembered in Indian history mainly for?
A) Trade with China
B) Temple architecture, literature, and North Indian campaigns
C) Maritime empire in Southeast Asia
D) Persian architecture
Answer: B) Temple architecture, literature, and North Indian campaigns
Explanation: They were great builders, patrons of Kannada–Sanskrit culture, and rivals for Kannauj.
77. Which Rashtrakuta ruler is known as the “Ashoka of the South”?
A) Dantidurga
B) Krishna I
C) Amoghavarsha I
D) Govinda III
Answer: C) Amoghavarsha I
Explanation: For his long, peaceful, and religiously tolerant rule, Amoghavarsha I is compared to Ashoka.
78. The title “Prithvivallabha” was used by?
A) Dantidurga
B) Govinda III
C) Krishna III
D) All Rashtrakuta kings
Answer: D) All Rashtrakuta kings
Explanation: Most Rashtrakuta kings used the imperial title Prithvivallabha.
79. Which Rashtrakuta inscription provides details of their genealogy and achievements?
A) Aihole inscription
B) Sanjan copper plates
C) Halmidi inscription
D) Atakur inscription
Answer: B) Sanjan copper plates
Explanation: The Sanjan plates (871 CE) give genealogy and records of Rashtrakutas.
80. The Atakur inscription is important because it describes?
A) Defeat of Cholas at Takkolam
B) Construction of Kailasa temple
C) Amoghavarsha’s Kavirajamarga
D) Decline of Rashtrakutas
Answer: A) Defeat of Cholas at Takkolam
Explanation: It records Butuga II’s role in Rashtrakuta victory over Cholas (949 CE).
81. The famous monolithic Kailasa temple at Ellora is attributed to?
A) Dantidurga
B) Krishna I
C) Amoghavarsha II
D) Govinda IV
Answer: B) Krishna I
Explanation: Krishna I (756–773 CE) commissioned the Kailasa temple.
82. The Kailasa temple is dedicated to which deity?
A) Vishnu
B) Shiva
C) Jain Tirthankaras
D) Buddha
Answer: B) Shiva
Explanation: It is dedicated to Lord Shiva, carved from a single rock.
83. The Rashtrakuta king who defeated both Palas and Pratiharas and expanded to Himalayas was?
A) Dhruva Dharavarsha
B) Govinda III
C) Indra III
D) Krishna III
Answer: B) Govinda III
Explanation: Govinda III was the most successful Rashtrakuta conqueror.
84. The Rameshwaram inscription of Krishna III highlights?
A) His conquest of South Tamil country
B) Defeat of Palas
C) Defeat of Pratiharas
D) Patronage of Jainism
Answer: A) His conquest of South Tamil country
Explanation: It records his victories in Tamil country, extending rule to Rameshwaram.
85. The Chola prince slain at Takkolam (949 CE) was?
A) Rajaditya
B) Rajaraja I
C) Rajendra I
D) Aditya II
Answer: A) Rajaditya
Explanation: Rajaditya Chola was killed in battle against Krishna III and Ganga Butuga II.
86. The Rashtrakutas were overthrown by?
A) Cholas
B) Hoysalas
C) Western Chalukyas of Kalyani (Tailapa II)
D) Yadavas of Devagiri
Answer: C) Western Chalukyas of Kalyani (Tailapa II)
Explanation: In 973 CE Tailapa II revived Chalukya rule after defeating Indra IV.
87. The last Rashtrakuta ruler was?
A) Amoghavarsha II
B) Krishna III
C) Indra IV
D) Govinda V
Answer: C) Indra IV
Explanation: Indra IV (973 CE), the last ruler, ended his life by Sallekhana (Jain vow of fasting).
88. Which Jain practice was respected by Rashtrakuta rulers and nobles?
A) Sallekhana
B) Samayika
C) Puja
D) Tapasya
Answer: A) Sallekhana
Explanation: Sallekhana (ritual fast unto death) was practiced by Indra IV and other nobles.
89. The Rashtrakuta period saw the rise of which Kannada literary giants?
A) Pampa, Ponna, Ranna
B) Basavanna, Allama, Akka Mahadevi
C) Kumara Vyasa, Lakshmisha
D) Kuvempu, Da Ra Bendre
Answer: A) Pampa, Ponna, Ranna
Explanation: The Three Gems of Kannada literature (Ratnatraya) flourished in Rashtrakuta era.
90. Pampa, the “Adikavi” of Kannada, was patronized by?
A) Krishna I
B) Govinda III
C) Arikesari (Rashtrakuta feudatory of Vemulavada)
D) Amoghavarsha I
Answer: C) Arikesari of Vemulavada
Explanation: Pampa was a court poet of Arikesari, a Rashtrakuta feudatory.
91. Which Kannada poet wrote Adipurana during Rashtrakuta rule?
A) Pampa
B) Ponna
C) Ranna
D) Jinasena
Answer: B) Ponna
Explanation: Ponna, court poet of Krishna III, wrote Adipurana in Kannada.
92. Which Kannada poet wrote Gadayuddha during Rashtrakuta period?
A) Pampa
B) Ponna
C) Ranna
D) Jinasena
Answer: C) Ranna
Explanation: Ranna composed Gadayuddha, narrating Bhima–Duryodhana battle.
93. The collective title of Pampa, Ponna, and Ranna is?
A) Navaratnas
B) Kavichakravartis
C) Ratnatraya (Three Gems of Kannada)
D) Triveni Sangama
Answer: C) Ratnatraya (Three Gems of Kannada)
Explanation: They are revered as the Three Gems of Kannada literature.
94. The Rashtrakutas were important in Indian history because they?
A) Linked North and South India politically
B) Were patrons of art and literature
C) Built monumental architecture like Ellora
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: They played a key role in politics, culture, literature, and architecture.
95. The greatest Rashtrakuta architectural achievement is?
A) Virupaksha temple
B) Kailasa temple at Ellora
C) Brihadeeshwara temple
D) Belur temple
Answer: B) Kailasa temple at Ellora
Explanation: The Kailasa temple is Rashtrakutas’ most enduring monument.
96. The Rashtrakutas were the first South Indian dynasty to?
A) Interfere deeply in North Indian politics (Kannauj)
B) Build rock-cut temples
C) Patronize only Kannada
D) Trade with Arabs
Answer: A) Interfere deeply in North Indian politics (Kannauj)
Explanation: They participated in Tripartite struggle for Kannauj, unlike earlier Karnataka dynasties.
97. The decline of Rashtrakutas is attributed mainly to?
A) Weak rulers after Krishna III
B) Rebellion of feudatories (Western Chalukyas, Parmaras)
C) Chola invasions
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Decline was due to weak successors, feudatory rise, and external invasions.
98. The Rashtrakutas’ political significance in Indian history is?
A) They united North and South in a single empire
B) They made Karnataka central in Indian politics
C) They challenged Pratiharas and Palas
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: They were the first Deccan power to dominate all-India politics.
99. The Rashtrakutas’ contribution to Karnataka history includes?
A) Patronizing Kannada literature (Kavirajamarga, Adipurana)
B) Jain cultural patronage
C) Vesara architecture (Ellora, Pattadakal)
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Their legacy includes literature, Jainism, and temple architecture.
100. The single greatest legacy of Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta is?
A) Trade with Arabs
B) Naval power in Indian Ocean
C) Cultural synthesis – literature in Kannada & Sanskrit + architecture at Ellora
D) Feudal land system
Answer: C) Cultural synthesis – literature in Kannada & Sanskrit + architecture at Ellora
Explanation: They are best remembered for Ellora Kailasa temple and Kannada–Sanskrit literary patronage.