1. The Vijayanagara Empire was founded in ___________.
A) 1206 CE
B) 1336 CE
C) 1347 CE
D) 1351 CE
Answer: B
Explanation: Vijayanagara Empire was founded in 1336 CE on the banks of Tungabhadra by Harihara and Bukka.
2. Who were the founders of the Vijayanagara Empire?
A) Harihara and Bukka
B) Krishnadevaraya and Saluva Narasimha
C) Harihara II and Deva Raya I
D) Sangama and Tuluva
Answer: A
Explanation: Brothers Harihara and Bukka established the empire under the guidance of sage Vidyaranya.
3. The Vijayanagara capital city was located on the banks of which river?
A) Krishna
B) Tungabhadra
C) Kaveri
D) Godavari
Answer: B
Explanation: The capital Hampi (Vijayanagara) was built on the banks of Tungabhadra river in Bellary district.
4. Who guided Harihara and Bukka in establishing Vijayanagara?
A) Basaveshwara
B) Vidyaranya (Madhavacharya)
C) Ramanujacharya
D) Vyasatirtha
Answer: B
Explanation: Vidyaranya, a sage of Sringeri Math, inspired the founders.
5. The Vijayanagara Empire had how many ruling dynasties?
A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five
Answer: C
Explanation: The dynasties were: Sangama, Saluva, Tuluva, Aravidu.
6. Who was the first ruler of the Sangama dynasty?
A) Harihara I
B) Bukka I
C) Harihara II
D) Deva Raya I
Answer: A
Explanation: Harihara I (1336–1356 CE) was the first Sangama ruler.
7. The empire reached its greatest glory under___________.
A) Deva Raya I
B) Saluva Narasimha
C) Krishnadevaraya
D) Venkata II
Answer: C
Explanation: Krishnadevaraya of the Tuluva dynasty (1509–1529 CE) is considered the greatest Vijayanagara king.
8. Who succeeded Harihara I?
A) Bukka I
B) Harihara II
C) Deva Raya I
D) Saluva Narasimha
Answer: A
Explanation: Bukka I (1356–1377 CE) succeeded his brother and expanded the empire.
9. The ruler who sent an embassy to China was___________.
A) Harihara I
B) Bukka I
C) Harihara II
D) Krishnadevaraya
Answer: B
Explanation: Bukka I sent envoys to Yuan China to establish diplomatic and trade relations.
10. Who among the following strengthened the kingdom after Bukka I?
A) Harihara II
B) Deva Raya I
C) Saluva Narasimha
D) Krishnadevaraya
Answer: A
Explanation: Harihara II (1377–1404 CE) consolidated Vijayanagara rule in Karnataka.
11. The first Vijayanagara ruler to introduce a large cavalry force was___________.
A) Harihara I
B) Harihara II
C) Deva Raya I
D) Deva Raya II
Answer: C
Explanation: He introduced a large cavalry by employing Muslim horsemen.
12. The greatest ruler of the Sangama dynasty was___________.
A) Bukka I
B) Deva Raya II
C) Harihara II
D) Harihara I
Answer: B
Explanation: Deva Raya II (1422–1446 CE), also called Proudha Devaraya, was the greatest Sangama king.
13. Deva Raya II is also known as___________.
A) Karnataka Chakravarti
B) Proudha Devaraya
C) Andhra Bhoja
D) Nava Kavichakravarti
Answer: B
Explanation: He is remembered as Proudha Devaraya, a powerful Sangama ruler.
14. Which dynasty replaced the Sangamas?
A) Saluva
B) Tuluva
C) Aravidu
D) Kadambas
Answer: A
Explanation: Saluva Narasimha usurped power in 1485 CE and began the Saluva dynasty.
15. The most important ruler of the Saluva dynasty was___________.
A) Saluva Narasimha
B) Narasimha II
C) Timmarasa
D) Krishnadevaraya
Answer: A
Explanation: Saluva Narasimha (1485–1491 CE) restored order in the empire.
16. Who founded the Tuluva dynasty?
A) Narasa Nayaka
B) Saluva Narasimha
C) Krishnadevaraya
D) Timmarasa
Answer: A
Explanation: Narasa Nayaka, a general, established Tuluva power after Saluvas.
17. Who was the father of Krishnadevaraya?
A) Narasa Nayaka
B) Viranarasimha
C) Bukka II
D) Timmarasa
Answer: B
Explanation: Viranarasimha (1503–1509 CE) was Krishnadevaraya’s elder brother and predecessor.
18. The most celebrated Tuluva ruler was___________.
A) Saluva Narasimha
B) Viranarasimha
C) Krishnadevaraya
D) Achyuta Deva Raya
Answer: C
Explanation: He expanded the empire to its peak glory.
19. Krishnadevaraya is also known as___________.
A) Andhra Bhoja
B) Proudha Devaraya
C) Talakadugonda
D) Dakshina Chakravarti
Answer: A
Explanation: He was called Andhra Bhoja for his patronage of literature.
20. Krishnadevaraya wrote which famous Telugu work?
A) Jambavati Kalyana
B) Amuktamalyada
C) Manucharitramu
D) Harishchandra Kavya
Answer: B
Explanation: Krishnadevaraya authored the Telugu classic Amuktamalyada.
21. Who was Krishnadevaraya’s prime minister?
A) Saluva Narasimha
B) Timmarasa
C) Narasa Nayaka
D) Aliya Rama Raya
Answer: B
Explanation: Timmarasa was his trusted minister, often called Appaji.
22. Which dynasty ruled Vijayanagara after Tuluvas?
A) Saluva
B) Aravidu
C) Chalukya
D) Kalachuri
Answer: B
Explanation: Aravidu dynasty took over after the fall of Tuluvas.
23. Who was the first Aravidu ruler?
A) Tirumala Deva Raya
B) Aliya Rama Raya
C) Sriranga I
D) Venkata II
Answer: A
Explanation: He founded the Aravidu dynasty after the Battle of Talikota (1565 CE).
24. The Vijayanagara Empire finally declined in which century?
A) 15th century
B) 16th century
C) 17th century
D) 18th century
Answer: C
Explanation: Though Talikota (1565 CE) weakened it, the empire lingered till mid-17th century.
25. The last great Aravidu ruler was___________.
A) Sriranga III
B) Venkata II
C) Tirumala Raya
D) Aliya Rama Raya
Answer: B
Explanation: Venkata II (1586–1614 CE) revived Vijayanagara briefly before final decline.
26. The Vijayanagara Empire’s administrative system was largely based on___________.
A) Mauryan model
B) Chola system
C) Western Chalukya system
D) Delhi Sultanate system
Answer: B
Explanation: The Vijayanagara rulers inherited and modified many Chola institutions, especially revenue and provincial administration.
27. The empire was divided into which administrative units?
A) Mandala, Nadu, Sthala, Grama
B) Rajya, Vishaya, Grama
C) Pranthas, Talukas, Gramas
D) Sthala, Bhukti, Grama
Answer: A
Explanation: This system of Mandala (province), Nadu (district), Sthala (sub-district), and Grama (village) was followed.
28. Who appointed the provincial governors in Vijayanagara?
A) The Nayakas
B) The King
C) The Amatyas
D) The Purohita
Answer: B
Explanation: The king directly appointed governors (often royal family members or trusted generals).
29. The “Nayankara system” under Vijayanagara was related to___________.
A) Agriculture
B) Military administration
C) Temple management
D) Trade
Answer: B
Explanation: The Nayankara system granted lands to military chiefs (Nayakas) in return for maintaining troops.
30. The head of the village administration was called___________.
A) Gavunda
B) Patil
C) Nayaka
D) Dalavayi
Answer: A
Explanation: Gavundas were influential landlords and heads of village administration.
31. The empire collected land revenue usually in the form of___________.
A) Only cash
B) Produce (kind) and cash
C) Labor service
D) Religious tax
Answer: B
Explanation: Land tax was the primary revenue, collected in produce or money.
32. The king’s council of ministers was called___________.
A) Mahanayaka Mandali
B) Ashta Diggajas
C) Amatya Mandali
D) Sabha
Answer: C
Explanation: The council of ministers (Amatya Mandali) assisted the king in governance.
33. The Vijayanagara army had which unique feature?
A) Naval dominance
B) Use of Turkish cavalrymen
C) Elephants, cavalry, and artillery
D) Chinese mercenaries
Answer: C
Explanation: The army combined traditional forces with new artillery (from Bahmanis and Portuguese).
34. The Vijayanagara rulers gave importance to which port for overseas trade?
A) Calicut
B) Goa
C) Honavar and Bhatkal
D) Machilipatnam
Answer: C
Explanation: These ports on the west coast were vital for trade with Arabs and Portuguese.
35. Which foreign travelers have left accounts on Vijayanagara?
A) Ibn Battuta
B) Domingo Paes and Nuniz
C) Nicolo Conti
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: Several travelers visited and described Vijayanagara’s wealth, including Conti (Italian), Paes & Nuniz (Portuguese), Ibn Battuta (Arab).
36. Nicolo Conti visited Vijayanagara during the reign of___________.
A) Harihara II
B) Deva Raya I
C) Deva Raya II
D) Krishnadevaraya
Answer: C
Explanation: Nicolo Conti (Italian traveler) visited during Deva Raya II’s time (1420s CE).
37. Domingo Paes visited Vijayanagara during whose reign?
A) Deva Raya I
B) Deva Raya II
C) Krishnadevaraya
D) Aliya Rama Raya
Answer: C
Explanation: Paes (1520s CE) described Vijayanagara’s prosperity under Krishnadevaraya.
38. The Nayankara system can be compared with___________.
A) Chola’s Amaram system
B) Mughal Mansabdari system
C) Mauryan Arthashastra
D) British Zamindari
Answer: B
Explanation: Like Mansabdars, the Nayakas maintained troops in exchange for land assignments.
39. The social life of Vijayanagara period is described in detail by___________.
A) Nuniz
B) Ibn Battuta
C) Domingo Paes
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: All these travelers wrote about social and cultural aspects of the empire.
40. The official court language of Vijayanagara was___________.
A) Kannada
B) Telugu
C) Sanskrit
D) Tamil
Answer: C
Explanation: Sanskrit was used officially, but Kannada and Telugu were heavily patronized in literature.
41. Which two regional languages flourished most under Vijayanagara?
A) Kannada and Telugu
B) Tamil and Marathi
C) Urdu and Arabic
D) Malayalam and Konkani
Answer: A
Explanation: Both languages received massive royal patronage, especially under Krishnadevaraya.
42. The “Ashta Diggajas” were associated with___________.
A) Administration
B) Military generals
C) Telugu poets in Krishnadevaraya’s court
D) Foreign ambassadors
Answer: C
Explanation: The Ashta Diggajas were eight famous Telugu poets patronized by Krishnadevaraya.
43. Who among the Ashta Diggajas authored Manucharitramu?
A) Tenali Rama
B) Allasani Peddana
C) Nandi Thimmana
D) Mukku Timmana
Answer: B
Explanation: Allasani Peddana, called Andhra Kavita Pitamaha, wrote Manucharitramu.
44. Krishnadevaraya’s court poet Tenali Rama was famous for___________.
A) Military exploits
B) Court wit and humor
C) Temple construction
D) Prose writing
Answer: B
Explanation: Tenali Rama (Tenali Ramakrishna) became legendary for his wit and satire.
45. Who wrote the Kannada classic Rajasekhara Charite?
A) Kumara Vyasa
B) Ratnakaravarni
C) Chamarasa
D) Pampa
Answer: C
Explanation: Chamarasa wrote Rajasekhara Charite, patronized by Krishnadevaraya.
46. Which Kannada poet composed Gadugina Bharata?
A) Ranna
B) Kumara Vyasa
C) Pampa
D) Janna
Answer: B
Explanation: Kumara Vyasa’s Gadugina Bharata is a Kannada version of the Mahabharata.
47. The famous Jain poet Ratnakaravarni wrote___________.
A) Bharatesha Vaibhava
B) Rajasekhara Charite
C) Amuktamalyada
D) Vachanas
Answer: A
Explanation: Ratnakaravarni, a Jain poet of Vijayanagara times, wrote Bharatesha Vaibhava.
48. Vijayanagara temples are unique because___________.
A) Built in rock-cut style
B) Combination of Dravida and Vesara styles
C) Huge Gopurams and Kalyana Mantapas
D) Made entirely of bricks
Answer: C
Explanation: Their temples are known for lofty gopurams, mandapas, and ornate pillars.
49. The Virupaksha Temple at Hampi is dedicated to___________.
A) Vishnu
B) Shiva
C) Brahma
D) Subrahmanya
Answer: B
Explanation: The Virupaksha temple is one of the oldest, dedicated to Lord Shiva.
50. The Vittala temple at Hampi is famous for___________.
A) Golden chariot
B) Stone chariot and musical pillars
C) Bronze sculptures
D) Jain idols
Answer: B
Explanation: The Vittala temple at Hampi is world-famous for its stone chariot and musical pillars.
51. The Vijayanagara military strength mainly rested on___________.
A) Navy
B) Infantry, cavalry, elephants, and artillery
C) Gunpowder only
D) Guerrilla warfare
Answer: B
Explanation: Their army was traditional but incorporated artillery and foreign horse trade.
52. Horses for the Vijayanagara cavalry were mainly imported from___________.
A) China
B) Arabia and Central Asia
C) Sri Lanka
D) Burma
Answer: B
Explanation: Arabian traders supplied war-horses via ports like Goa, Honavar, and Machilipatnam.
53. Which dynasty was the main northern rival of Vijayanagara?
A) Kalachuris
B) Bahmani Sultanate
C) Delhi Sultanate
D) Marathas
Answer: B
Explanation: The Bahmanis were their primary rivals in the Deccan.
54. The “Raichur Doab” between Krishna and Tungabhadra was a frequent battlefield between___________.
A) Vijayanagara and Cholas
B) Vijayanagara and Bahmanis
C) Vijayanagara and Delhi Sultanate
D) Vijayanagara and Marathas
Answer: B
Explanation: The fertile Raichur Doab was constantly contested.
55. Who was the Vijayanagara king that captured Raichur fort from Bahmanis in 1520 CE?
A) Harihara II
B) Deva Raya II
C) Krishnadevaraya
D) Aliya Rama Raya
Answer: C
Explanation: He defeated Ismail Adil Shah of Bijapur at Raichur in 1520 CE.
56. Krishnadevaraya’s victory over the Bahmanis at Raichur is described by which Portuguese traveler?
A) Nicolo Conti
B) Domingo Paes
C) Nuniz
D) Abdur Razzaq
Answer: B
Explanation: Paes gave a detailed eyewitness account of the 1520 CE Raichur campaign.
57. The “Battle of Talikota” (1565 CE) was fought between Vijayanagara and___________.
A) Delhi Sultanate
B) Marathas
C) Deccan Sultanates (Bijapur, Golconda, Ahmadnagar, Bidar, Berar)
D) Cholas
Answer: C
Explanation: The united Deccan Sultanates crushed Vijayanagara in 1565 CE.
58. Who was the Vijayanagara ruler defeated in the Battle of Talikota?
A) Krishnadevaraya
B) Achyuta Raya
C) Aliya Rama Raya
D) Tirumala Raya
Answer: C
Explanation: Aliya Rama Raya was captured and executed after Talikota.
59. The Battle of Talikota is also called___________.
A) Battle of Raichur
B) Battle of Rakkasatangadi
C) Battle of Kondavidu
D) Battle of Koppam
Answer: B
Explanation: Talikota (1565 CE) is also known as the Battle of Rakkasatangadi.
60. What was the immediate consequence of the Battle of Talikota?
A) Vijayanagara capital Hampi was destroyed
B) Krishnadevaraya died
C) Portuguese captured Goa
D) Bahmani Sultanate revived
Answer: A
Explanation: Hampi was pillaged and burned, marking the empire’s decline.
61. After Talikota, which dynasty continued Vijayanagara rule from Penukonda and Chandragiri?
A) Tuluva
B) Aravidu
C) Saluva
D) Sangama
Answer: B
Explanation: The Aravidu dynasty shifted capitals to Penukonda and later Chandragiri.
62. Who founded the Aravidu dynasty?
A) Aliya Rama Raya
B) Tirumala Deva Raya
C) Achyuta Raya
D) Venkata II
Answer: B
Explanation: After Talikota, Tirumala Deva Raya established the Aravidu line.
63. The Vijayanagara ruler who shifted the capital from Hampi to Penukonda was___________.
A) Aliya Rama Raya
B) Tirumala Deva Raya
C) Achyuta Raya
D) Venkata II
Answer: B
Explanation: He shifted the capital after Hampi’s destruction in 1565 CE.
64. Which Aravidu ruler revived the empire briefly (1586–1614 CE)?
A) Sriranga I
B) Tirumala Raya
C) Venkata II
D) Rama Raya
Answer: C
Explanation: Venkata II brought some stability to the empire.
65. The Portuguese established their colony at Goa in___________.
A) 1498 CE
B) 1510 CE
C) 1526 CE
D) 1565 CE
Answer: B
Explanation: Afonso de Albuquerque captured Goa in 1510 CE.
66. Krishnadevaraya maintained friendly relations with which European power?
A) British
B) Dutch
C) Portuguese
D) French
Answer: C
Explanation: He allied with Portuguese at Goa to secure horse trade and firearms.
67. Abdur Razzaq, the Persian ambassador, visited Vijayanagara during the reign of___________.
A) Harihara II
B) Deva Raya II
C) Krishnadevaraya
D) Aliya Rama Raya
Answer: B
Explanation: Abdur Razzaq (1443 CE) described the wealth and grandeur of Vijayanagara.
68. Which traveler described Vijayanagara as “the best provided city in the world”?
A) Domingo Paes
B) Abdur Razzaq
C) Nicolo Conti
D) Nuniz
Answer: B
Explanation: He admired its prosperity and population.
69. Nuniz, the Portuguese chronicler, visited Vijayanagara during___________.
A) Harihara II
B) Deva Raya II
C) Krishnadevaraya
D) Achyuta Deva Raya
Answer: D
Explanation: Nuniz wrote his account during Achyuta Deva Raya’s time.
70. Which Vijayanagara ruler faced Malik Kafur’s invasion in 1311 CE?
A) Deva Raya II
B) Krishnadevaraya
C) Veera Ballala III (Hoysala)
D) None, Vijayanagara wasn’t yet founded
Answer: D
Explanation: The empire was founded only in 1336 CE, after Malik Kafur’s raid.
71. The main reason for Vijayanagara’s military strength was___________.
A) Guerrilla tactics
B) Use of elephants and cavalry
C) Control of rich Raichur Doab and foreign trade revenue
D) European alliances
Answer: C
Explanation: Wealth from fertile land and trade funded its vast army.
72. The Vijayanagara rulers controlled trade in___________.
A) Diamonds from Rayalaseema
B) Horses from Arabia
C) Spices from Malabar
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: Their empire was a hub for diamonds, spices, and horses.
73. The Vijayanagara navy was___________.
A) As strong as Cholas
B) Non-existent
C) Smaller, used only for coastal defense
D) Dominant in Arabian Sea
Answer: C
Explanation: They did not build a large navy like the Cholas.
74. Who was the last important Vijayanagara ruler?
A) Venkata II
B) Tirumala Deva Raya
C) Achyuta Raya
D) Sriranga III
Answer: A
Explanation: He revived the empire (1586–1614 CE) before final decline.
75. The Vijayanagara Empire finally ended in the mid-17th century due to___________.
A) Maratha invasions
B) Mughal and Bijapur pressure
C) British conquest
D) Portuguese wars
Answer: B
Explanation: The combined Mughal-Bijapur advances ended Vijayanagara around 1646 CE.
76. The main reason for founding Vijayanagara in 1336 CE was___________.
A) Protect Karnataka from Delhi Sultanate invasions
B) Expand into Tamil Nadu
C) Resist Bahmani kingdom
D) Spread Bhakti movement
Answer: A
Explanation: Harihara and Bukka founded the empire to defend southern India from northern Muslim invasions.
77. The Bahmani Sultanate was founded in 1347 CE by___________.
A) Hasan Gangu Bahman Shah
B) Alauddin Khilji
C) Firuz Shah Tughlaq
D) Quli Qutb Shah
Answer: A
Explanation: Vijayanagara and Bahmani were contemporaries and constant rivals.
78. The most famous inscription praising Krishnadevaraya’s reign is___________.
A) Hampi inscription
B) Tirumala inscription
C) Hazara Rama Temple inscription
D) Raichur inscription
Answer: C
Explanation: It narrates Krishnadevaraya’s conquests and glory.
79. Which Vijayanagara ruler encouraged foreign trade with Portuguese and Arabs?
A) Deva Raya II
B) Krishnadevaraya
C) Achyuta Raya
D) Aliya Rama Raya
Answer: B
Explanation: He fostered trade ties with Portuguese for horses, firearms, and goods.
80. Who among the following was NOT one of the Ashta Diggajas?
A) Allasani Peddana
B) Nandi Timmana
C) Tenali Rama
D) Kumara Vyasa
Answer: D
Explanation: Kumara Vyasa was a Kannada poet, not one of the Telugu Ashta Diggajas.
81. The Kannada poet Chamarasa was patronized by___________.
A) Harihara I
B) Deva Raya II
C) Krishnadevaraya
D) Achyuta Raya
Answer: B
Explanation: Chamarasa authored Prabhulinga Leele under Deva Raya II’s patronage.
82. Who wrote Gadugina Bharata, a Kannada version of Mahabharata?
A) Ranna
B) Kumara Vyasa
C) Pampa
D) Janna
Answer: B
Explanation: His Gadugina Bharata (14th century) became highly popular in Karnataka.
83. Which Vijayanagara ruler was called Andhra Bhoja?
A) Deva Raya II
B) Achyuta Raya
C) Krishnadevaraya
D) Venkata II
Answer: C
Explanation: He earned this title for his immense patronage of Telugu literature.
84. Who was the court poet of Krishnadevaraya, known as Andhra Kavita Pitamaha?
A) Tenali Rama
B) Allasani Peddana
C) Mukku Timmana
D) Nandi Timmana
Answer: B
Explanation: He was honored as the grandfather of Telugu poetry.
85. The Amuktamalyada describes the story of___________.
A) Rama and Sita
B) Andal (Godadevi) and Lord Ranganatha
C) Krishna and Rukmini
D) Harishchandra
Answer: B
Explanation: Krishnadevaraya’s work Amuktamalyada is about Andal’s devotion to Vishnu.
86. Which Portuguese traveler described Vijayanagara’s markets as filled with diamonds and rubies?
A) Nicolo Conti
B) Domingo Paes
C) Nuniz
D) Abdur Razzaq
Answer: B
Explanation: He vividly described Vijayanagara’s wealth in precious stones.
87. Who was the last great Vijayanagara ruler before the Talikota disaster?
A) Krishnadevaraya
B) Achyuta Raya
C) Aliya Rama Raya
D) Venkata II
Answer: C
Explanation: His defeat at Talikota (1565 CE) led to the empire’s ruin.
88. Which dynasty ruled Vijayanagara after Talikota until the mid-17th century?
A) Sangama
B) Saluva
C) Tuluva
D) Aravidu
Answer: D
Explanation: Aravidu dynasty carried on from Penukonda and Chandragiri.
89. The Vijayanagara coin Pagoda was made of___________.
A) Silver
B) Gold
C) Copper
D) Iron
Answer: B
Explanation: The Pagoda was a famous gold coin used widely in south India.
90. Which Vijayanagara ruler built the Hazara Rama temple?
A) Deva Raya II
B) Krishnadevaraya
C) Aliya Rama Raya
D) Venkata II
Answer: A
Explanation: He built this temple with Ramayana scenes carved on its walls.
91. The Vitthala temple at Hampi is famous for___________.
A) Bronze idols
B) Stone chariot and musical pillars
C) Largest gopuram in south India
D) Jain basadis
Answer: B
Explanation: Vitthala temple is iconic for its stone chariot and resonating musical pillars.
92. Which Vijayanagara ruler allowed the Portuguese to establish factories at Bhatkal and Honavar?
A) Harihara II
B) Deva Raya II
C) Krishnadevaraya
D) Achyuta Raya
Answer: C
Explanation: He welcomed Portuguese traders and secured horses and firearms.
93. Which Vijayanagara king constructed the Krishna temple at Hampi?
A) Harihara I
B) Bukka I
C) Krishnadevaraya
D) Tirumala Raya
Answer: C
Explanation: He built the Krishna temple in Hampi after his Orissa campaign.
94. Who shifted the Vijayanagara capital from Hampi to Chandragiri?
A) Tirumala Raya
B) Sriranga I
C) Venkata II
D) Aliya Rama Raya
Answer: C
Explanation: He shifted to Chandragiri (near Tirupati) for security.
95. The Vijayanagara style of architecture is also called___________.
A) Nagara
B) Vesara
C) Dravida with Indo-Islamic influence
D) Pallava
Answer: C
Explanation: Vijayanagara art blended Dravidian with Persian-Islamic styles, especially in arches and domes.
96. Who was the last ruler of Vijayanagara?
A) Krishnadevaraya
B) Aliya Rama Raya
C) Sriranga III
D) Venkata II
Answer: C
Explanation: He was the last Aravidu ruler, ruling till mid-17th century.
97. The most important reason for Vijayanagara’s prosperity was___________.
A) Agriculture in Raichur Doab
B) Control of diamond mines at Kollur and Krishna valley
C) Overseas spice trade
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: Its prosperity rested on agriculture, mining, and overseas trade.
98. Who wrote the Sanskrit work Jambavati Kalyana under Krishnadevaraya’s patronage?
A) Krishnadevaraya himself
B) Vyasatirtha
C) Narahari Tirtha
D) Timmarasa
Answer: A
Explanation: He wrote Jambavati Kalyana in Sanskrit, besides his Telugu Amuktamalyada.
99. Which kingdom finally ended Vijayanagara’s remaining power in 1646 CE?
A) Mughals and Bijapur Sultanate
B) Marathas
C) Portuguese
D) Dutch
Answer: A
Explanation: Combined Mughal-Bijapur pressure finished Vijayanagara.
100. The greatest legacy of the Vijayanagara Empire is___________.
A) Political expansion
B) Military conquest of Bahmanis
C) Cultural revival – art, architecture, literature, and Bhakti
D) Spread of Islam
Answer: C
Explanation: Despite political fall, Vijayanagara’s cultural contributions remain timeless.