1. The First Anglo-Burmese War began in:
A) 1814
B) 1824
C) 1834
D) 1844
Answer: B) 1824
Explanation: The First Anglo-Burmese War (1824–26) was the earliest major conflict between British India and Burma.
2. The main cause of the First Anglo-Burmese War was:
A) Dispute over Assam and Manipur
B) Trade monopoly issues
C) Border disputes in Arakan
D) French influence in Burma
Answer: A) Dispute over Assam and Manipur
Explanation: Burmese expansion into Assam and Manipur alarmed the British, leading to war.
3. The First Anglo-Burmese War ended with the:
A) Treaty of Yandabo
B) Treaty of Sugauli
C) Treaty of Rangoon
D) Treaty of Titalia
Answer: A) Treaty of Yandabo
Explanation: The 1826 Treaty of Yandabo ended the war, forcing Burma to cede territories.
4. Which areas did Burma cede after the First Anglo-Burmese War?
A) Assam, Arakan, Manipur
B) Tenasserim, Assam, Manipur
C) Arakan, Assam, Tenasserim
D) Assam, Cachar, Mizoram
Answer: C) Arakan, Assam, Tenasserim
Explanation: By Treaty of Yandabo, Burma lost Arakan, Assam, Manipur, and Tenasserim.
5. The Second Anglo-Burmese War was fought in:
A) 1834
B) 1852
C) 1862
D) 1885
Answer: B) 1852
Explanation: The Second Anglo-Burmese War occurred in 1852 under Dalhousie.
6. The Second Anglo-Burmese War was fought mainly over:
A) Trade disputes at Rangoon
B) Border disputes in Manipur
C) French influence in Ava
D) Smuggling in Tenasserim
Answer: A) Trade disputes at Rangoon
Explanation: British merchants complained of harassment at Rangoon, leading to war.
7. The outcome of the Second Anglo-Burmese War (1852) was annexation of:
A) Arakan
B) Tenasserim
C) Pegu (Lower Burma)
D) Ava (Upper Burma)
Answer: C) Pegu (Lower Burma)
Explanation: Dalhousie annexed Pegu, bringing Lower Burma under British control.
8. The Third Anglo-Burmese War occurred in:
A) 1872
B) 1885
C) 1892
D) 1901
Answer: B) 1885
Explanation: The British fought Burma again in 1885, leading to full annexation.
9. The Third Anglo-Burmese War was provoked by:
A) French influence in Upper Burma
B) Smuggling in Tenasserim
C) British trade monopoly
D) Border disputes
Answer: A) French influence in Upper Burma
Explanation: Britain feared French ties with King Thibaw of Burma.
10. The Third Anglo-Burmese War resulted in annexation of:
A) Lower Burma
B) Arakan only
C) Entire Burma
D) Tenasserim only
Answer: C) Entire Burma
Explanation: Burma was fully annexed in 1886 and made a province of India.
11. The capital of Burma during the Third Anglo-Burmese War was:
A) Rangoon
B) Ava
C) Mandalay
D) Pegu
Answer: C) Mandalay
Explanation: King Thibaw ruled from Mandalay before annexation.
12. King Thibaw was the last ruler of:
A) Ava
B) Pegu
C) Mandalay
D) Tenasserim
Answer: C) Mandalay
Explanation: King Thibaw of Mandalay was deposed in 1885 by the British.
13. The Treaty of Yandabo was signed in:
A) 1824
B) 1826
C) 1832
D) 1836
Answer: B) 1826
Explanation: It ended the First Anglo-Burmese War.
14. The Treaty of Yandabo imposed how much indemnity on Burma?
A) 10 lakh rupees
B) 1 crore rupees
C) 1 million pounds
D) 50 lakh rupees
Answer: B) 1 crore rupees
Explanation: Burma had to pay one crore rupees as indemnity.
15. The First Anglo-Burmese War was fought during which Governor-General’s tenure?
A) Lord Hastings
B) Lord Amherst
C) Lord Bentinck
D) Lord Dalhousie
Answer: B) Lord Amherst
Explanation: Lord Amherst (1823–28) led British India into war with Burma.
16. The Second Anglo-Burmese War was fought under which Governor-General?
A) Lord Dalhousie
B) Lord Canning
C) Lord Auckland
D) Lord Curzon
Answer: A) Lord Dalhousie
Explanation: Dalhousie annexed Lower Burma in 1852.
17. The Third Anglo-Burmese War was fought under which Viceroy?
A) Lord Ripon
B) Lord Curzon
C) Lord Dufferin
D) Lord Lansdowne
Answer: C) Lord Dufferin
Explanation: Lord Dufferin (1884–88) annexed Upper Burma.
18. Which city became the capital of British Burma after annexation?
A) Ava
B) Mandalay
C) Rangoon
D) Pegu
Answer: C) Rangoon
Explanation: Rangoon was made the capital and major port of British Burma.
19. Burma was made a separate province from India in:
A) 1886
B) 1897
C) 1935
D) 1937
Answer: D) 1937
Explanation: Under the Government of India Act 1935, Burma became a separate colony in 1937.
20. The First Anglo-Burmese War cost the British about:
A) 10 crore rupees
B) 13 crore rupees
C) 20 crore rupees
D) 5 crore rupees
Answer: B) 13 crore rupees
Explanation: It was the costliest war fought by the Company in the 19th century.
21. The British annexation of Burma was mainly motivated by:
A) Security of India’s eastern frontier
B) Economic opportunities
C) Preventing French influence
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Security, trade, and rivalry with France drove annexation.
22. The Anglo-Burmese Wars collectively resulted in:
A) Loss of British prestige
B) Expansion of British India eastwards
C) Strengthening of Burmese empire
D) Failure of British diplomacy
Answer: B) Expansion of British India eastwards
Explanation: Burma was absorbed fully into British India.
23. The Burmese monarchy finally ended in:
A) 1826
B) 1852
C) 1862
D) 1885
Answer: D) 1885
Explanation: With King Thibaw’s exile, the Burmese monarchy was abolished.
24. King Thibaw was exiled to:
A) Rangoon
B) Madras
C) Ratnagiri
D) Calcutta
Answer: C) Ratnagiri
Explanation: Thibaw and his family were exiled to Ratnagiri in Maharashtra.
25. The annexation of Burma added greatly to British control over:
A) Bay of Bengal trade routes
B) Himalayas
C) Deccan plateau
D) Persian Gulf
Answer: A) Bay of Bengal trade routes
Explanation: Burma’s annexation gave Britain dominance in Bay of Bengal and SE Asia.
26. The Anglo-Nepalese (Gurkha) War took place between:
A) 1803–1805
B) 1814–1816
C) 1824–1826
D) 1834–1836
Answer: B) 1814–1816
Explanation: The war lasted from 1814 to 1816, ending with the Treaty of Sugauli.
27. The main cause of the Anglo-Nepalese War was:
A) Dispute over Kumaon-Garhwal and Sikkim frontiers
B) Religious tensions
C) French influence in Nepal
D) Nepal’s invasion of Bengal
Answer: A) Dispute over Kumaon-Garhwal and Sikkim frontiers
Explanation: Nepal’s expansion into Kumaon, Garhwal, and Sikkim conflicted with British interests.
28. The Anglo-Nepalese War was fought during which Governor-General’s tenure?
A) Lord Wellesley
B) Lord Cornwallis
C) Lord Hastings
D) Lord Bentinck
Answer: C) Lord Hastings
Explanation: Lord Hastings (1813–1823) was Governor-General during the war.
29. The ruler of Nepal during the Anglo-Nepalese War was:
A) Prithvi Narayan Shah
B) Bahadur Shah
C) Girvan Yuddha Vikram Shah
D) Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah
Answer: C) Girvan Yuddha Vikram Shah
Explanation: King Girvan Yuddha Vikram Shah was the ruler, though power was exercised by his regents.
30. The famous Gurkha commander during the Anglo-Nepalese War was:
A) Amar Singh Thapa
B) Prithvi Narayan Shah
C) Jung Bahadur Rana
D) Bhimsen Thapa
Answer: A) Amar Singh Thapa
Explanation: Amar Singh Thapa was the military commander who resisted the British.
31. The Anglo-Nepalese War is also known as:
A) Anglo-Gurkha War
B) Indo-Nepalese War
C) Frontier War
D) Anglo-Himalayan War
Answer: A) Anglo-Gurkha War
Explanation: Because it was mainly fought against Gurkha forces from Nepal.
32. The British Army faced difficulties in the war mainly due to:
A) Harsh Himalayan terrain and guerrilla tactics of Gurkhas
B) Lack of soldiers
C) Lack of artillery
D) French support to Nepal
Answer: A) Harsh Himalayan terrain and guerrilla tactics of Gurkhas
Explanation: Mountain warfare and Gurkha bravery made it difficult for the British.
33. The British initially suffered defeat at which fort in 1814?
A) Almora Fort
B) Kalanga (Nalapani) Fort
C) Sugauli Fort
D) Kathmandu Fort
Answer: B) Kalanga (Nalapani) Fort
Explanation: The first battle at Kalanga Fort saw stiff Gurkha resistance under Balbhadra Kunwar.
34. Who was the young Gurkha commander at the Battle of Nalapani (Kalanga) in 1814?
A) Amar Singh Thapa
B) Balbhadra Kunwar
C) Bhimsen Thapa
D) Jung Bahadur Rana
Answer: B) Balbhadra Kunwar
Explanation: Balbhadra Kunwar defended Nalapani Fort with great courage.
35. The British commander who faced defeat at Nalapani Fort was:
A) Sir David Ochterlony
B) General Gillespie
C) General Martindell
D) John Malcolm
Answer: B) General Gillespie
Explanation: Gillespie was killed during the assault on Nalapani Fort.
36. The British General who eventually succeeded in the Nepal campaign was:
A) Sir David Ochterlony
B) Lord Hastings
C) General Gillespie
D) Charles Metcalfe
Answer: A) Sir David Ochterlony
Explanation: Ochterlony used strategy and discipline to secure British victories.
37. The turning point of the war came with the British capture of:
A) Kathmandu
B) Almora
C) Kumaon and Garhwal
D) Kalanga Fort
Answer: C) Kumaon and Garhwal
Explanation: Capture of Kumaon and Garhwal forced Nepal towards negotiations.
38. The Anglo-Nepalese War ended with which treaty?
A) Treaty of Yandabo
B) Treaty of Sugauli
C) Treaty of Kathmandu
D) Treaty of Titalia
Answer: B) Treaty of Sugauli
Explanation: The Treaty of Sugauli (1816) concluded the war.
39. The Treaty of Sugauli (1816) was signed between Nepal and:
A) Lord Hastings
B) Sir David Ochterlony
C) Mountstuart Elphinstone
D) Charles Metcalfe
Answer: B) Sir David Ochterlony
Explanation: Ochterlony represented the British in signing the treaty.
40. Under the Treaty of Sugauli, Nepal ceded which territories to the British?
A) Kumaon, Garhwal, and Sikkim
B) Darjeeling and Assam
C) Kathmandu Valley
D) Kangra and Simla
Answer: A) Kumaon, Garhwal, and Sikkim
Explanation: Nepal ceded these frontier areas, reducing its size.
41. Which hill station was later gifted by the Raja of Sikkim to the British after the war?
A) Simla
B) Darjeeling
C) Nainital
D) Almora
Answer: B) Darjeeling
Explanation: In 1835, Darjeeling was ceded to the British by the Raja of Sikkim.
42. The Treaty of Sugauli fixed Nepal’s boundary with British India along:
A) Sutlej River
B) Ganga River
C) Kali River
D) Teesta River
Answer: C) Kali River
Explanation: The river Kali was fixed as the western boundary.
43. Which famous regiment of the British Indian Army originated after the Anglo-Nepalese War?
A) Sikh Regiment
B) Gurkha Regiment
C) Madras Regiment
D) Jat Regiment
Answer: B) Gurkha Regiment
Explanation: The British admired Gurkha bravery and recruited them into the army.
44. Who was the influential Nepalese Prime Minister during the war?
A) Amar Singh Thapa
B) Jung Bahadur Rana
C) Bhimsen Thapa
D) Balbhadra Kunwar
Answer: C) Bhimsen Thapa
Explanation: Bhimsen Thapa was the Prime Minister who guided Nepal’s policy.
45. Which British Resident was later stationed at Kathmandu after the Treaty of Sugauli?
A) Charles Metcalfe
B) Brian Hodgson
C) Mountstuart Elphinstone
D) James Fraser
Answer: B) Brian Hodgson
Explanation: Brian Hodgson became Resident, laying foundations of modern Nepal studies.
46. The Anglo-Nepalese War was significant for the British because:
A) It secured north-eastern frontier
B) It allowed recruitment of Gurkhas
C) It reduced Nepal’s expansionist threat
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: The war secured frontiers, curbed Nepal, and added Gurkhas to British army.
47. The Nepalese viewed the Treaty of Sugauli as:
A) Victory
B) Equal compromise
C) National humiliation
D) Step to modernization
Answer: C) National humiliation
Explanation: Nepal saw it as a humiliating loss of sovereignty and territory.
48. The Anglo-Nepalese War demonstrated that:
A) Nepal could defeat the British
B) British power could be resisted by mountain warfare
C) British diplomacy was weak
D) Gurkhas were unreliable fighters
Answer: B) British power could be resisted by mountain warfare
Explanation: Gurkhas, though defeated, earned British respect for bravery.
49. The Anglo-Nepalese War indirectly paved the way for:
A) British entry into Tibet
B) British dominance in Assam and Sikkim
C) French withdrawal from Burma
D) End of Maratha resistance
Answer: B) British dominance in Assam and Sikkim
Explanation: The war expanded British influence into these Himalayan frontier states.
50. The Anglo-Nepalese War was concluded finally in:
A) 1815
B) 1816
C) 1817
D) 1818
Answer: B) 1816
Explanation: The Treaty of Sugauli was signed in March 1816, ending the war.
51. The first Anglo-Bhutanese conflict started in:
A) 1772
B) 1782
C) 1814
D) 1826
Answer: A) 1772
Explanation: British East India Company first clashed with Bhutan in 1772 over Cooch Behar.
52. The immediate cause of the 1772 conflict with Bhutan was:
A) Bhutan’s interference in Cooch Behar succession
B) Border disputes in Assam
C) French influence in Bhutan
D) Trade disputes in Bengal
Answer: A) Bhutan’s interference in Cooch Behar succession
Explanation: Bhutan occupied Cooch Behar, prompting Company intervention.
53. The 1772 Anglo-Bhutan conflict ended with which treaty?
A) Treaty of Sugauli
B) Treaty of Sinchula
C) Treaty of Cooch Behar
D) Treaty of Yandabo
Answer: C) Treaty of Cooch Behar
Explanation: The 1774 Treaty of Cooch Behar established British suzerainty over Cooch Behar and limited Bhutan’s influence.
54. The Bhutanese territory known as the “Duar region” was strategically important because:
A) It connected Bengal with Assam and Tibet
B) It was a tea-growing zone
C) It had coal deposits
D) It was a strong fort region
Answer: A) It connected Bengal with Assam and Tibet
Explanation: The Duars were mountain passes and fertile lands linking Bengal-Assam-Tibet.
55. The Anglo-Bhutanese War of 1864–65 is also known as:
A) Bhutan Campaign
B) Duar War
C) Frontier War
D) Himalayan Campaign
Answer: B) Duar War
Explanation: It is popularly called the Duar War since it was fought over the Duar region.
56. The Anglo-Bhutanese War of 1864 began during the tenure of which Viceroy?
A) Lord Dalhousie
B) Lord Canning
C) Lord Lawrence
D) Lord Mayo
Answer: C) Lord Lawrence
Explanation: The Duar War started in 1864 under Viceroy John Lawrence.
57. The main reason for the Duar War was:
A) Bhutan’s raids into Assam and Bengal Duars
B) French trade relations with Bhutan
C) Nepal-Bhutan alliance
D) Bhutan’s refusal to accept British Resident
Answer: A) Bhutan’s raids into Assam and Bengal Duars
Explanation: Repeated Bhutanese raids and border disputes led to war.
58. Which treaty concluded the Anglo-Bhutanese War of 1864–65?
A) Treaty of Sinchula
B) Treaty of Punakha
C) Treaty of Cooch Behar
D) Treaty of Simla
Answer: A) Treaty of Sinchula
Explanation: The Treaty of Sinchula (November 1865) ended the war.
59. Under the Treaty of Sinchula, Bhutan ceded:
A) Assam
B) Bengal Duars
C) Cooch Behar
D) Kathmandu Valley
Answer: B) Bengal Duars
Explanation: Bhutan ceded Bengal Duars permanently to the British.
60. In return for ceding the Duars, Bhutan was granted:
A) Annual subsidy of Rs. 50,000
B) Return of Cooch Behar
C) Protection from Nepal
D) Right to trade in Bengal
Answer: A) Annual subsidy of Rs. 50,000
Explanation: Bhutan received a fixed annual subsidy from the British.
61. The Treaty of Sinchula (1865) was signed at:
A) Punakha
B) Sinchula
C) Sikkim
D) Darjeeling
Answer: B) Sinchula
Explanation: The treaty was signed at Sinchula, a pass between Bengal and Bhutan.
62. The Duar region after annexation was divided between:
A) Bengal and Punjab
B) Bengal and Assam
C) Bihar and Bengal
D) Bengal and Sikkim
Answer: B) Bengal and Assam
Explanation: The ceded Duars were split between Bengal and Assam for administration.
63. Which Bhutanese officials negotiated with the British in 1865?
A) Dzongpens
B) Ranas
C) Shahs
D) Nawabs
Answer: A) Dzongpens
Explanation: Dzongpens (regional governors) represented Bhutan in negotiations.
64. After the Duar War, Bhutan became:
A) A British colony
B) A princely state under British suzerainty
C) An independent kingdom with British subsidy
D) Annexed to Assam
Answer: C) An independent kingdom with British subsidy
Explanation: Bhutan remained independent but accepted British subsidies.
65. The Anglo-Bhutanese War of 1864–65 is significant because:
A) It ended Bhutan’s expansion into India
B) It secured Bengal and Assam frontiers
C) It increased British influence in the Himalayas
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: The war secured the eastern Himalayan frontiers for the British.
66. Which neighboring state’s fate was similar to Bhutan, facing British annexation pressures?
A) Nepal
B) Sikkim
C) Tibet
D) Burma
Answer: B) Sikkim
Explanation: Like Bhutan, Sikkim was pressured into treaties reducing independence.
67. The British primarily valued Bhutan for:
A) Trade routes to Tibet
B) Agricultural wealth
C) Military manpower
D) Tea plantations
Answer: A) Trade routes to Tibet
Explanation: The Duar passes were crucial for Indo-Tibetan trade.
68. Bhutan resisted British entry partly because:
A) It feared loss of sovereignty
B) It relied on raiding economy
C) It distrusted foreign treaties
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Bhutan’s traditional system resisted any external interference.
69. After the Duar War, the British policy towards Bhutan was:
A) Annexationist
B) Indirect control with subsidies
C) Direct colonial rule
D) Integration with Bengal
Answer: B) Indirect control with subsidies
Explanation: Britain preferred a buffer state, not direct annexation.
70. The Anglo-Bhutanese conflict demonstrated the British strategy of:
A) Annexation only
B) Buffer state diplomacy
C) Divide and rule
D) Religious propagation
Answer: B) Buffer state diplomacy
Explanation: Britain maintained Bhutan as a buffer between India and Tibet/China.
71. Bhutan’s defeat in 1865 marked the decline of:
A) Tibetan trade influence in Bengal
B) Bhutanese raids into Assam and Bengal
C) French interest in the Himalayas
D) Maratha alliances with Bhutan
Answer: B) Bhutanese raids into Assam and Bengal
Explanation: The Duar War ended Bhutan’s raiding tradition in the plains.
72. The Anglo-Bhutanese War occurred just after:
A) Revolt of 1857
B) Second Anglo-Burmese War
C) Annexation of Punjab
D) Treaty of Yandabo
Answer: A) Revolt of 1857
Explanation: The Duar War took place in 1864, seven years after the 1857 revolt.
73. Which Himalayan state did NOT directly fight the British but signed treaties like Bhutan and Nepal?
A) Sikkim
B) Assam
C) Garhwal
D) Ladakh
Answer: A) Sikkim
Explanation: Sikkim signed treaties in 1817 and 1835 with the British, ceding Darjeeling.
74. Which later British Viceroy redefined relations with Bhutan and Tibet?
A) Lord Curzon
B) Lord Ripon
C) Lord Lytton
D) Lord Canning
Answer: A) Lord Curzon
Explanation: Curzon pursued the 1904 Younghusband expedition into Tibet, impacting Bhutan as well.
75. The long-term impact of the Duar War was:
A) Bhutan isolated internationally but protected by Britain
B) Bhutan merged with India
C) Bhutan became a British colony
D) Bhutan allied with Nepal against Britain
Answer: A) Bhutan isolated internationally but protected by Britain
Explanation: Bhutan stayed independent but under British protection and subsidy until 1947.
76. Which of the following states was fully annexed into British India?
A) Nepal
B) Bhutan
C) Burma
D) Sikkim
Answer: C) Burma
Explanation: Unlike Nepal and Bhutan (which remained independent buffer states), Burma was fully annexed (1886).
77. The Anglo-Nepalese War ended with the Treaty of:
A) Yandabo
B) Sinchula
C) Sugauli
D) Kathmandu
Answer: C) Sugauli
Explanation: The Treaty of Sugauli (1816) ended the Anglo-Nepalese War.
78. The Anglo-Bhutanese War ended with the Treaty of:
A) Punakha
B) Sinchula
C) Titalia
D) Cooch Behar
Answer: B) Sinchula
Explanation: The Treaty of Sinchula (1865) concluded the Duar War with Bhutan.
79. The Anglo-Burmese Wars collectively ended with the annexation of:
A) Lower Burma only
B) Assam
C) Entire Burma
D) Upper Assam
Answer: C) Entire Burma
Explanation: After the Third Anglo-Burmese War (1885), Burma was annexed fully.
80. Which war resulted in the British gaining Kumaon and Garhwal?
A) Anglo-Burmese War
B) Anglo-Nepalese War
C) Anglo-Bhutanese War
D) Anglo-Sikh War
Answer: B) Anglo-Nepalese War
Explanation: The Treaty of Sugauli ceded Kumaon and Garhwal to the British.
81. Which of the following states continued as independent buffer states after wars with the British?
A) Burma only
B) Nepal and Bhutan
C) Sikkim and Burma
D) Assam and Manipur
Answer: B) Nepal and Bhutan
Explanation: Nepal and Bhutan remained independent but with restricted sovereignty.
82. Which state’s soldiers were actively recruited into the British Indian Army after their war?
A) Burma
B) Nepal
C) Bhutan
D) Assam
Answer: B) Nepal
Explanation: Gurkhas from Nepal became a backbone of the British Indian Army.
83. Which state lost Darjeeling to the British indirectly after these wars?
A) Bhutan
B) Sikkim
C) Nepal
D) Assam
Answer: B) Sikkim
Explanation: The Raja of Sikkim ceded Darjeeling to the British in 1835.
84. The common British motive in conquering Burma, Nepal, and Bhutan was:
A) Tea plantations
B) Securing India’s northern and eastern frontiers
C) Spreading Christianity
D) Mining resources
Answer: B) Securing India’s northern and eastern frontiers
Explanation: Strategic frontier security was the main reason.
85. Which of the following was most expensive for the British financially?
A) Anglo-Nepalese War
B) Anglo-Bhutanese War
C) First Anglo-Burmese War
D) Anglo-Sikh War
Answer: C) First Anglo-Burmese War
Explanation: It cost over ₹13 crore — the most expensive EIC war of the 19th century.
86. Which war was fought during Lord Amherst’s tenure?
A) Anglo-Nepalese War
B) First Anglo-Burmese War
C) Anglo-Bhutanese War
D) Second Anglo-Burmese War
Answer: B) First Anglo-Burmese War
Explanation: Amherst (1823–28) led India into the costly First Anglo-Burmese War.
87. Which war was fought during Lord Hastings’ tenure?
A) Anglo-Nepalese War
B) Anglo-Burmese War
C) Anglo-Bhutanese War
D) Anglo-Sikh War
Answer: A) Anglo-Nepalese War
Explanation: Lord Hastings (1813–23) directed the Anglo-Nepalese War.
88. Which war was fought during Viceroy Lord Lawrence’s tenure?
A) Anglo-Burmese War
B) Anglo-Bhutanese War (Duar War)
C) Anglo-Sikh War
D) Anglo-Nepalese War
Answer: B) Anglo-Bhutanese War (Duar War)
Explanation: John Lawrence (1864–69) was Viceroy during the Duar War.
89. Which of the following treaties resulted in an annual subsidy being paid to a Himalayan state?
A) Treaty of Yandabo (1826)
B) Treaty of Sugauli (1816)
C) Treaty of Sinchula (1865)
D) Treaty of Lahore (1846)
Answer: C) Treaty of Sinchula (1865)
Explanation: Bhutan got ₹50,000 annual subsidy after ceding Duars.
90. Which of the following rulers was exiled after British conquest?
A) King Thibaw of Burma
B) Girvan Yuddha Vikram Shah of Nepal
C) Dzongpens of Bhutan
D) Ranjit Singh of Punjab
Answer: A) King Thibaw of Burma
Explanation: He was exiled to Ratnagiri after 1885 annexation.
91. The Treaty of Sugauli reduced Nepal’s boundaries but allowed it to remain:
A) A British colony
B) An independent buffer state
C) Part of Bengal
D) Annexed to Punjab
Answer: B) An independent buffer state
Explanation: Nepal retained sovereignty but with reduced size.
92. The annexation of Burma gave Britain control of:
A) Himalayan passes
B) Bay of Bengal trade routes
C) Punjab frontiers
D) Sindh deserts
Answer: B) Bay of Bengal trade routes
Explanation: Burma secured Britain’s dominance over eastern sea trade.
93. Which two states were preserved as buffers against possible Chinese/Tibetan influence?
A) Nepal and Burma
B) Bhutan and Nepal
C) Burma and Assam
D) Sikkim and Assam
Answer: B) Bhutan and Nepal
Explanation: Britain maintained both as semi-independent buffer states.
94. Which state was formally separated from India in 1937?
A) Nepal
B) Burma
C) Bhutan
D) Sikkim
Answer: B) Burma
Explanation: Burma became a separate colony in 1937 under the Government of India Act 1935.
95. Which common feature is seen in the Anglo-Nepalese and Anglo-Bhutanese wars?
A) Both ended with subsidies to the rulers
B) Both resulted in ceding of frontier regions to British
C) Both annexed into India
D) Both abolished monarchy
Answer: B) Both resulted in ceding of frontier regions to British
Explanation: Nepal lost Kumaon-Garhwal, Bhutan lost the Duars.
96. The British maintained Nepalese Gurkha regiments mainly because:
A) Gurkhas were loyal and brave soldiers
B) They were cheaper to recruit
C) They were against Tibet
D) They had knowledge of mountain terrain
Answer: A) Gurkhas were loyal and brave soldiers
Explanation: Gurkha regiments became crucial for British Indian Army.
97. Which British motive is common to all three conquests (Burma, Nepal, Bhutan)?
A) Frontier security and check on foreign influence
B) Tea plantations in all three regions
C) Control of oil and minerals
D) Missionary expansion
Answer: A) Frontier security and check on foreign influence
Explanation: The strategic motive was primary in all three.
98. Which was the chronological order of the three main wars?
A) Anglo-Nepalese → Anglo-Bhutanese → Anglo-Burmese
B) Anglo-Burmese → Anglo-Nepalese → Anglo-Bhutanese
C) Anglo-Nepalese → Anglo-Burmese → Anglo-Bhutanese
D) Anglo-Bhutanese → Anglo-Burmese → Anglo-Nepalese
Answer: C) Anglo-Nepalese → Anglo-Burmese → Anglo-Bhutanese
Explanation: 1814–16 (Nepal), 1824–85 (Burma wars), 1864–65 (Bhutan).
99. Which state was most directly affected by British fear of French influence?
A) Nepal
B) Bhutan
C) Burma
D) Assam
Answer: C) Burma
Explanation: French attempts to ally with King Thibaw triggered the Third Anglo-Burmese War.
100. Collectively, the British wars with Burma, Nepal, and Bhutan highlight which feature of 19th century British policy?
A) Religious reform
B) Defensive imperialism on India’s frontiers
C) Agricultural exploitation
D) Naval expansion only
Answer: B) Defensive imperialism on India’s frontiers
Explanation: These wars secured India’s frontiers against threats from Tibet, China, and European rivals.