1. Sindh was ruled by which dynasty before the British conquest?
A) Talpurs
B) Kalhoras
C) Barid Shahi
D) Nizam Shahi
Answer: A) Talpurs
Explanation: Sindh was under Talpur Amirs (1783–1843), who replaced the Kalhoras.
2. The Talpur rulers of Sindh were originally of which origin?
A) Arab
B) Baluchi
C) Rajput
D) Persian
Answer: B) Baluchi
Explanation: The Talpurs were a Baluchi dynasty that displaced the Kalhoras in Sindh.
3. The British first established trade relations with Sindh through which agency?
A) East India Company factory at Thatta
B) Residency at Hyderabad
C) Bombay Presidency
D) Surat Council
Answer: A) East India Company factory at Thatta
Explanation: Early EIC trade began in Sindh with a factory at Thatta in the 17th century.
4. Sindh was strategically important for the British mainly because of:
A) Cotton and textile trade
B) Gateway to Central Asia
C) Control of Arabian Sea
D) Fertile Indus valley
Answer: B) Gateway to Central Asia
Explanation: Sindh’s location was key in the “Great Game” between Britain and Russia.
5. Which British Governor-General first tried to establish relations with Sindh?
A) Warren Hastings
B) Lord Cornwallis
C) Lord Wellesley
D) Lord Minto
Answer: D) Lord Minto
Explanation: Lord Minto (1807–1813) initiated early political contacts with Sindh amid Napoleonic fears.
6. The Kalhora dynasty, replaced by Talpurs in Sindh, was of ______ origin.
A) Baluchi
B) Mughal
C) Afghan
D) Sindhi
Answer: D) Sindhi
Explanation: The Kalhoras were a local Sindhi dynasty.
7. Who was the British Governor-General during the First Anglo-Afghan War (1839–42), closely linked to Sindh conquest?
A) Lord Hastings
B) Lord William Bentinck
C) Lord Auckland
D) Lord Ellenborough
Answer: C) Lord Auckland
Explanation: Lord Auckland (1836–42) launched Afghan policy, requiring Sindh as a base.
8. Sindh’s capital under the Talpurs was:
A) Shikarpur
B) Khairpur
C) Hyderabad
D) Karachi
Answer: C) Hyderabad
Explanation: The Talpur rulers had their capital at Hyderabad (Sindh).
9. The British interest in Sindh increased especially after rivalry with:
A) French in Deccan
B) Portuguese in Goa
C) Russians in Central Asia
D) Dutch in Bengal
Answer: C) Russians in Central Asia
Explanation: Russian expansion in Central Asia worried Britain (Great Game).
10. Who was the British officer who negotiated the 1832 Treaty of Commerce with Sindh?
A) Mountstuart Elphinstone
B) Charles Napier
C) Henry Pottinger
D) Alexander Burnes
Answer: C) Henry Pottinger
Explanation: Captain Henry Pottinger secured the 1832 treaty opening Indus trade.
11. Which treaty opened up navigation on the Indus River for the British?
A) Treaty of Karachi (1832)
B) Treaty of Hyderabad (1832)
C) Treaty of Thatta (1832)
D) Treaty of Multan (1833)
Answer: A) Treaty of Karachi (1832)
Explanation: Treaty of Karachi allowed British commercial navigation on the Indus.
12. Which river system was the lifeline of Sindh?
A) Ganga
B) Indus
C) Sutlej
D) Brahmaputra
Answer: B) Indus
Explanation: Sindh lay along the lower Indus valley.
13. Which city was developed as a major British port after conquest of Sindh?
A) Shikarpur
B) Hyderabad
C) Karachi
D) Khairpur
Answer: C) Karachi
Explanation: Karachi was developed as the chief port of Sindh under British rule.
14. The Treaty of 1832 with Sindh was ratified by which British Governor-General?
A) Lord Hastings
B) Lord Bentinck
C) Lord Auckland
D) Lord Dalhousie
Answer: B) Lord Bentinck
Explanation: Lord William Bentinck ratified the 1832 treaty.
15. Which officer explored the Indus route to Afghanistan before the British conquest of Sindh?
A) Charles Napier
B) Alexander Burnes
C) John Malcolm
D) David Ochterlony
Answer: B) Alexander Burnes
Explanation: Burnes explored the Indus and published accounts that increased British interest.
16. Which external threat made Sindh crucial for British defense strategy?
A) Persian attack
B) Russian advance in Central Asia
C) Afghan invasion
D) French designs on India
Answer: B) Russian advance in Central Asia
Explanation: Fear of Russian approach via Central Asia pushed Britain to control Sindh.
17. In early 19th century, Sindh was divided among:
A) One ruler at Hyderabad
B) Three Talpur Amirs
C) Five tribal chiefs
D) Mughal governors
Answer: B) Three Talpur Amirs
Explanation: Sindh was divided between Talpur Amirs at Hyderabad, Khairpur, and Mirpur.
18. Which Talpur ruler signed the 1832 Treaty of Karachi?
A) Mir Nasir Khan
B) Mir Noor Muhammad Khan
C) Mir Murad Ali Khan
D) Mir Sher Muhammad Khan
Answer: C) Mir Murad Ali Khan
Explanation: Mir Murad Ali of Hyderabad signed the treaty.
19. The British wanted Sindh as a base for their operations in:
A) Afghanistan
B) Punjab
C) Gujarat
D) Baluchistan
Answer: A) Afghanistan
Explanation: Sindh became the base for the First Anglo-Afghan War (1839).
20. Who among the following strongly opposed British interference in Sindh?
A) Mir Nasir Khan of Khairpur
B) Mir Noor Muhammad of Hyderabad
C) Mir Sher Muhammad of Mirpur
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: All Talpur Amirs resented British entry and interference.
21. The British considered Sindh militarily useful because of:
A) Its forts
B) Its deserts
C) Indus river communication
D) Naval bases
Answer: C) Indus river communication
Explanation: Indus provided a transport route for troops to Afghanistan.
22. Who was the Governor of Bombay Presidency during crucial negotiations with Sindh?
A) Mountstuart Elphinstone
B) Lord Clare
C) Sir John Malcolm
D) Sir Robert Grant
Answer: D) Sir Robert Grant
Explanation: Robert Grant, Governor of Bombay (1834–38), pushed for Sindh treaties.
23. The British suspicion of Sindh rulers mainly came from their alleged contacts with:
A) Russians
B) Afghans
C) Persians
D) Sikhs
Answer: A) Russians
Explanation: British feared Sindh Amirs’ ties with Russians.
24. The early treaties with Sindh ensured:
A) Free trade only
B) Military access to Indus
C) Both trade and military transit
D) Direct annexation
Answer: C) Both trade and military transit
Explanation: Treaties allowed both commercial and military use of the Indus.
25. Which British Governor-General finally sanctioned the annexation of Sindh?
A) Lord Auckland
B) Lord Ellenborough
C) Lord Hardinge
D) Lord Dalhousie
Answer: B) Lord Ellenborough
Explanation: Lord Ellenborough (1842–44) approved annexation after Napier’s conquest.
26. The First Anglo-Afghan War (1839–42) directly influenced British involvement in:
A) Mysore
B) Sindh
C) Awadh
D) Punjab
Answer: B) Sindh
Explanation: Sindh became the British entry point to Afghanistan during the war.
27. Which British officer led the Sindh campaign during the First Anglo-Afghan War?
A) Alexander Burnes
B) Charles Napier
C) Henry Pottinger
D) Sir John Keane
Answer: D) Sir John Keane
Explanation: General Sir John Keane led the Bombay Army through Sindh into Afghanistan (1839).
28. The British justified marching their troops through Sindh in 1839 by citing:
A) Treaty of Paris
B) Treaty of Karachi (1832)
C) Treaty of Lahore (1838)
D) Treaty of Ghazni
Answer: B) Treaty of Karachi (1832)
Explanation: The 1832 treaty permitted navigation and military transit on the Indus.
29. The Talpur Amirs resented the British during the Afghan war mainly because:
A) They were not consulted
B) They were forced to supply provisions
C) They lost revenue from trade
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Sindh Amirs were compelled to provide supplies and passage, creating resentment.
30. The British policy towards Sindh during the Afghan war can be described as:
A) Non-interference
B) Strict neutrality
C) Increasing interference
D) Withdrawal
Answer: C) Increasing interference
Explanation: British political agents interfered heavily in Sindh’s administration.
31. Which Sindhi ruler resisted the British most strongly during the Afghan war?
A) Mir Noor Muhammad of Hyderabad
B) Mir Nasir Khan of Khairpur
C) Mir Sher Muhammad of Mirpur
D) Mir Murad Ali of Hyderabad
Answer: A) Mir Noor Muhammad of Hyderabad
Explanation: Mir Noor Muhammad strongly opposed British control.
32. Who was appointed as British Resident in Sindh during the Afghan war?
A) Charles Napier
B) Henry Pottinger
C) Alexander Burnes
D) Major Outram
Answer: B) Henry Pottinger
Explanation: Pottinger was appointed Resident to supervise Sindh affairs.
33. The British annexationist designs in Sindh accelerated after:
A) Defeat in Afghanistan (1842)
B) Death of Mir Noor Muhammad
C) Rise of Sikh power
D) Russian withdrawal from Central Asia
Answer: A) Defeat in Afghanistan (1842)
Explanation: After Afghan disaster, the British sought permanent security by annexing Sindh.
34. Which British Governor-General replaced Lord Auckland in 1842?
A) Lord Ellenborough
B) Lord Hardinge
C) Lord Dalhousie
D) Lord Canning
Answer: A) Lord Ellenborough
Explanation: Ellenborough succeeded Auckland and approved Napier’s Sindh conquest.
35. During the Afghan war, Sindh was forced to sign treaties making it a:
A) Tributary state
B) Protectorate of the British
C) Independent ally
D) British annexed territory
Answer: B) Protectorate of the British
Explanation: Treaties virtually reduced Sindh to a protectorate.
36. Which key fort in Sindh was occupied by the British during Afghan operations?
A) Hyderabad Fort
B) Khudabad Fort
C) Bukkur Fort
D) Mirpur Fort
Answer: C) Bukkur Fort
Explanation: Bukkur Fort (on Indus) was occupied by the British in 1839.
37. Which Sindh town became the British military base during Afghan campaign?
A) Karachi
B) Shikarpur
C) Hyderabad
D) Sukkur
Answer: D) Sukkur
Explanation: Sukkur was occupied in 1839 and became the key British base.
38. Who opposed British occupation of Bukkur and Sukkur forts?
A) Mir Noor Muhammad
B) Mir Nasir Khan
C) Mir Sher Muhammad
D) Mir Murad Ali
Answer: A) Mir Noor Muhammad
Explanation: Noor Muhammad resisted but was overpowered.
39. Which British officer argued for moderation in Sindh policy?
A) Henry Pottinger
B) Charles Napier
C) Major James Outram
D) Sir John Keane
Answer: C) Major James Outram
Explanation: Outram advised against annexation, favoring diplomacy.
40. The British justified their increasing presence in Sindh by accusing the Talpurs of:
A) Conspiring with Russians
B) Misgovernance
C) Obstructing Indus navigation
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: These allegations were used as pretexts for intervention.
41. Which treaty in 1839 increased British control over Sindh?
A) Treaty of Hyderabad
B) Treaty of Karachi (renewed)
C) Treaty of Khairpur
D) Treaty of Shikarpur
Answer: A) Treaty of Hyderabad
Explanation: Treaty of Hyderabad (1839) tightened British influence over Sindh Amirs.
42. Which Governor-General is associated with the “forward policy” that included Sindh?
A) Lord Hastings
B) Lord Auckland
C) Lord Ellenborough
D) Lord Dalhousie
Answer: B) Lord Auckland
Explanation: Auckland’s “forward policy” led to military moves in Afghanistan and Sindh.
43. Which of the following British motives was MOST important in Sindh during 1839–42?
A) Agricultural production
B) Revenue collection
C) Military logistics for Afghanistan
D) Missionary expansion
Answer: C) Military logistics for Afghanistan
Explanation: Sindh was essential for moving troops and supplies to Afghanistan.
44. Which Talpur Amir fled towards Baluchistan during British advances?
A) Mir Noor Muhammad
B) Mir Nasir Khan
C) Mir Sher Muhammad
D) Mir Murad Ali
Answer: A) Mir Noor Muhammad
Explanation: He fled during British troop advances in 1839.
45. Which British officer called Sindh Amirs “faithless and treacherous,” justifying annexation?
A) Henry Pottinger
B) Charles Napier
C) James Outram
D) John Malcolm
Answer: B) Charles Napier
Explanation: Napier used these terms to rationalize conquest.
46. Who commanded the Bombay Army that marched through Sindh into Afghanistan in 1839?
A) Sir John Keane
B) Charles Napier
C) Alexander Burnes
D) Major Outram
Answer: A) Sir John Keane
Explanation: He led the British Bombay column through Sindh to capture Ghazni.
47. The forced stationing of British troops in Sindh during Afghan war created:
A) Military occupation
B) Financial burden on Amirs
C) Loss of sovereignty
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: The Amirs faced humiliation, expenses, and loss of authority.
48. Which fort’s occupation symbolized permanent British foothold in Sindh during Afghan war?
A) Hyderabad Fort
B) Bukkur Fort
C) Mirpur Fort
D) Khairpur Fort
Answer: B) Bukkur Fort
Explanation: Control of Bukkur gave the British command over the Indus.
49. The Afghan disaster of 1842 changed British policy in Sindh towards:
A) Withdrawal
B) Permanent conquest
C) Alliance with Amirs
D) Leaving Indus route
Answer: B) Permanent conquest
Explanation: After the Afghan defeat, Sindh’s annexation was seen as essential.
50. Which Governor-General finally instructed Charles Napier to prepare for full control of Sindh?
A) Lord Auckland
B) Lord Ellenborough
C) Lord Hardinge
D) Lord Dalhousie
Answer: B) Lord Ellenborough
Explanation: Ellenborough encouraged Napier’s aggressive policy, leading to 1843 battles.
51. The British conquest of Sindh was completed in the year:
A) 1839
B) 1841
C) 1843
D) 1849
Answer: C) 1843
Explanation: Sindh was annexed by the British in 1843 after the battles of Miani and Dabo.
52. The conquest of Sindh was carried out under the command of:
A) Sir John Keane
B) Charles Napier
C) Henry Pottinger
D) James Outram
Answer: B) Charles Napier
Explanation: Sir Charles Napier was sent to Sindh in 1842 and led the conquest in 1843.
53. The decisive battle of the conquest of Sindh was:
A) Battle of Hyderabad
B) Battle of Miani
C) Battle of Sukkur
D) Battle of Dabo
Answer: B) Battle of Miani
Explanation: The Battle of Miani (17 February 1843) was the turning point of Sindh’s conquest.
54. The Battle of Miani was fought on:
A) 1 January 1843
B) 17 February 1843
C) 24 March 1843
D) 15 August 1843
Answer: B) 17 February 1843
Explanation: On this date, Napier defeated the Talpur Amirs of Hyderabad.
55. The Talpur Amirs who fought against the British at Miani were led by:
A) Mir Noor Muhammad
B) Mir Nasir Khan
C) Mir Sher Muhammad
D) Mir Murad Ali
Answer: B) Mir Nasir Khan
Explanation: Mir Nasir Khan and the Amirs of Hyderabad led the Talpur army at Miani.
56. The approximate strength of British troops at the Battle of Miani was:
A) 2,800
B) 5,000
C) 10,000
D) 15,000
Answer: A) 2,800
Explanation: Napier commanded only about 2,800 troops against 22,000 Talpur soldiers.
57. The Talpur force at the Battle of Miani numbered around:
A) 5,000
B) 12,000
C) 22,000
D) 30,000
Answer: C) 22,000
Explanation: Despite their numerical strength, the Talpurs were defeated by a smaller British force.
58. After the Battle of Miani, the city captured by the British was:
A) Sukkur
B) Karachi
C) Hyderabad
D) Khairpur
Answer: C) Hyderabad
Explanation: Napier marched to Hyderabad and took control after Miani.
59. The second major battle after Miani was:
A) Battle of Multan
B) Battle of Dabo
C) Battle of Hyderabad
D) Battle of Shikarpur
Answer: B) Battle of Dabo
Explanation: The Battle of Dabo (24 March 1843) completed British conquest of Sindh.
60. The Battle of Dabo (24 March 1843) was led on the Sindh side by:
A) Mir Noor Muhammad
B) Mir Sher Muhammad
C) Mir Nasir Khan
D) Mir Murad Ali
Answer: B) Mir Sher Muhammad
Explanation: Mir Sher Muhammad, called the “Lion of Sindh,” led the resistance at Dabo.
61. Mir Sher Muhammad was popularly known as:
A) The Lion of Sindh
B) The Defender of Hyderabad
C) The Tiger of Talpur
D) The Sardar of Khairpur
Answer: A) The Lion of Sindh
Explanation: He resisted bravely at Dabo and was remembered as “Lion of Sindh.”
62. The outcome of the Battle of Dabo was:
A) Victory for Talpurs
B) Drawn battle
C) British victory
D) Withdrawal of British
Answer: C) British victory
Explanation: Though fiercely fought, the Talpurs were defeated again.
63. Which battle marked the complete annexation of Sindh?
A) Miani
B) Dabo
C) Both together
D) Neither
Answer: C) Both together
Explanation: The twin victories at Miani and Dabo ensured British conquest of Sindh.
64. Who was the British Governor-General during the conquest of Sindh in 1843?
A) Lord Auckland
B) Lord Ellenborough
C) Lord Hardinge
D) Lord Dalhousie
Answer: B) Lord Ellenborough
Explanation: Ellenborough supported Napier’s campaign leading to annexation.
65. After conquest, Sindh was annexed to which Presidency?
A) Madras
B) Bombay
C) Bengal
D) Direct Crown rule
Answer: B) Bombay
Explanation: Sindh was annexed and made part of the Bombay Presidency in 1843.
66. Charles Napier famously sent which one-word telegram after the conquest of Sindh?
A) “Conquered”
B) “Annexed”
C) “Peccavi”
D) “Victory”
Answer: C) “Peccavi”
Explanation: He allegedly sent “Peccavi” (Latin: “I have sinned/Sindh”), a pun, though it was later revealed as a satirical invention.
67. The annexation of Sindh was criticized in Britain as:
A) Illegal and unjust
B) A defensive necessity
C) Diplomatic success
D) Strategic brilliance
Answer: A) Illegal and unjust
Explanation: Many British politicians and press condemned the conquest as unprovoked aggression.
68. Who among the British strongly opposed Napier’s annexation of Sindh?
A) Lord Ellenborough
B) James Outram
C) Sir John Keane
D) Henry Pottinger
Answer: B) James Outram
Explanation: Outram argued the conquest was unjust and based on false charges.
69. The Talpur dynasty ended in Sindh in:
A) 1832
B) 1839
C) 1843
D) 1857
Answer: C) 1843
Explanation: After defeat in Miani and Dabo, the Talpur dynasty was replaced by British rule.
70. After annexation, the Talpur Amirs were:
A) Executed
B) Exiled to Bombay and elsewhere
C) Allowed to rule as vassals
D) Integrated into British army
Answer: B) Exiled to Bombay and elsewhere
Explanation: The defeated Amirs were deposed and sent into exile.
71. Which British official became the first Governor of Sindh after conquest?
A) Henry Pottinger
B) Charles Napier
C) James Outram
D) John Keane
Answer: B) Charles Napier
Explanation: Napier became the first Governor of Sindh under the Bombay Presidency.
72. The annexation of Sindh was mainly driven by:
A) Commercial motives
B) Napier’s personal ambition and Ellenborough’s policy
C) Religious propaganda
D) Pressure from Talpur chiefs
Answer: B) Napier’s personal ambition and Ellenborough’s policy
Explanation: Ellenborough’s expansionist agenda and Napier’s zeal drove the conquest.
73. The conquest of Sindh provided the British with a strategic:
A) Naval base at Karachi
B) Route into Punjab
C) Route into Afghanistan
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Sindh gave Britain a port, river transport, and a base for further expansion.
74. Which later British Governor-General followed a similar annexationist policy as in Sindh?
A) Lord Hardinge
B) Lord Dalhousie
C) Lord Canning
D) Lord Lawrence
Answer: B) Lord Dalhousie
Explanation: Dalhousie (1848–56) expanded annexations through the Doctrine of Lapse.
75. The conquest of Sindh is often considered the first case of:
A) Annexation by Doctrine of Lapse
B) Annexation by outright military conquest in 19th century
C) Annexation by subsidiary alliance
D) Annexation by treaty obligation
Answer: B) Annexation by outright military conquest in 19th century
Explanation: Unlike Awadh or Satara, Sindh was taken purely by force in 1843.
76. After annexation in 1843, Sindh was placed under which British Presidency?
A) Bengal Presidency
B) Madras Presidency
C) Bombay Presidency
D) Central Provinces
Answer: C) Bombay Presidency
Explanation: Sindh became part of the Bombay Presidency with Charles Napier as Governor.
77. Charles Napier became the first British:
A) Resident of Sindh
B) Governor of Sindh
C) Chief Commissioner of Sindh
D) Political Agent in Sindh
Answer: B) Governor of Sindh
Explanation: He served as the first British Governor of Sindh (1843–47).
78. The Talpur Amirs after defeat were:
A) Executed
B) Sent to exile in Bombay and elsewhere
C) Allowed to rule as zamindars
D) Integrated into British army
Answer: B) Sent to exile in Bombay and elsewhere
Explanation: They were pensioned off and removed from power.
79. After conquest, Sindh’s administration was reorganized on the model of:
A) Mughal provinces
B) Bombay Presidency
C) Bengal Permanent Settlement
D) Mysore administration
Answer: B) Bombay Presidency
Explanation: Sindh was run like a Bombay district with military-civil administration.
80. Which city was developed into the new capital of Sindh under British rule?
A) Hyderabad
B) Karachi
C) Sukkur
D) Shikarpur
Answer: B) Karachi
Explanation: The British developed Karachi as a port and capital of Sindh.
81. Which Talpur leader, known as the “Lion of Sindh,” continued guerrilla resistance after 1843?
A) Mir Nasir Khan
B) Mir Noor Muhammad
C) Mir Sher Muhammad
D) Mir Murad Ali
Answer: C) Mir Sher Muhammad
Explanation: He resisted even after the defeat at Dabo.
82. The annexation of Sindh was widely criticized in Britain as:
A) Defensive necessity
B) Aggression and injustice
C) Humanitarian intervention
D) Economic requirement
Answer: B) Aggression and injustice
Explanation: Many British MPs and newspapers called it an unprovoked aggression.
83. Charles Napier justified his conquest of Sindh by claiming the Amirs were:
A) Unfaithful and treacherous
B) Misgoverning
C) A threat to India
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
Explanation: Napier used these arguments to justify annexation.
84. The one-word Latin telegram “Peccavi” (“I have sinned/Sindh”) is associated with:
A) Henry Pottinger
B) Charles Napier
C) James Outram
D) John Keane
Answer: B) Charles Napier
Explanation: It became famous, though it was actually a satirical invention in Punch magazine.
85. Sindh was reorganized into districts mainly for:
A) Tax collection
B) Military control
C) Judicial reforms
D) Educational purposes
Answer: B) Military control
Explanation: The annexation was primarily strategic; administration was militarized.
86. The conquest of Sindh secured for the British a major port at:
A) Surat
B) Bombay
C) Karachi
D) Gwadar
Answer: C) Karachi
Explanation: Karachi became the strategic naval and commercial port of Sindh.
87. The Indus River after British conquest was mainly used for:
A) Irrigation projects
B) Transport of troops and goods
C) Missionary work
D) Fishing colonies
Answer: B) Transport of troops and goods
Explanation: The Indus was critical as a communication and supply line.
88. Who among the following opposed Sindh annexation, calling it unjust and unnecessary?
A) Lord Ellenborough
B) Charles Napier
C) James Outram
D) Henry Pottinger
Answer: C) James Outram
Explanation: Outram believed the conquest was immoral and against British principles.
89. The annexation of Sindh highlighted the beginning of:
A) British “forward policy” in North-West India
B) Missionary expansion
C) Industrial policy in Bombay
D) Railways in western India
Answer: A) British “forward policy” in North-West India
Explanation: It marked Britain’s move towards Punjab and Afghanistan frontier.
90. Which later annexation followed a similar pattern of military conquest like Sindh?
A) Punjab (1849)
B) Awadh (1856)
C) Satara (1848)
D) Nagpur (1854)
Answer: A) Punjab (1849)
Explanation: Punjab too was annexed after wars, not treaties or lapse.
91. The conquest of Sindh is sometimes described as a rehearsal for:
A) The annexation of Awadh
B) The conquest of Punjab
C) The Doctrine of Lapse policy
D) The 1857 revolt suppression
Answer: B) The conquest of Punjab
Explanation: Both Sindh and Punjab were annexed through outright wars.
92. In economic terms, Sindh was less important than:
A) Bengal
B) Awadh
C) Punjab
D) Deccan
Answer: C) Punjab
Explanation: Sindh’s economy was smaller; its main value was strategic, not revenue.
93. Sindh’s annexation is seen as a classic case of:
A) Justified defense
B) Unprovoked aggression
C) Alliance-building
D) Religious expansion
Answer: B) Unprovoked aggression
Explanation: Many historians argue Sindh was annexed without valid reasons.
94. Which of the following BEST describes the importance of Sindh for the British?
A) Agricultural surplus
B) Military and strategic location
C) Religious expansion
D) Mineral wealth
Answer: B) Military and strategic location
Explanation: The conquest secured a base for northwest frontier defense.
95. Charles Napier’s personal role in Sindh conquest is often described as:
A) Reluctant administrator
B) Ambitious conqueror
C) Neutral observer
D) Diplomatic envoy
Answer: B) Ambitious conqueror
Explanation: Napier pursued conquest vigorously despite opposition.
96. Which Indian uprising later in 1857 found inspiration in resistance figures like Mir Sher Muhammad of Sindh?
A) Awadh rebellion
B) Jhansi revolt
C) Central India uprising
D) North-West frontier revolts
Answer: D) North-West frontier revolts
Explanation: Sindh’s resistance was remembered as part of anti-British tradition.
97. The Sindh conquest was the first major annexation by military force after:
A) Anglo-Mysore wars
B) Anglo-Maratha wars
C) Anglo-Burmese wars
D) Anglo-Sikh wars
Answer: B) Anglo-Maratha wars
Explanation: Since 1818 Maratha defeat, Sindh was the next outright conquest.
98. Which British policy after 1843 most directly affected Sindh’s society?
A) Permanent Settlement
B) Land revenue reforms under Bombay system
C) Ryotwari settlement
D) Doctrine of Lapse
Answer: B) Land revenue reforms under Bombay system
Explanation: Sindh followed Bombay’s revenue system after annexation.
99. The strategic importance of Sindh increased further after:
A) 1849 annexation of Punjab
B) 1853 opening of Karachi port
C) 1857 revolt
D) Completion of Indus steam navigation
Answer: A) 1849 annexation of Punjab
Explanation: Sindh became a link between Bombay and the newly annexed Punjab.
100. In modern historiography, the conquest of Sindh is often labeled as:
A) “Missionary conquest”
B) “Commercial conquest”
C) “Conquest of ambition”
D) “Conquest of necessity”
Answer: C) “Conquest of ambition”
Explanation: It is widely seen as a result of Napier’s ambition and Ellenborough’s expansionist zeal.