1. The longest river in the world is:
A) Amazon
B) Nile
C) Yangtze
D) Mississippi
Answer: B
Explanation: The Nile (≈6,650 km) flows north through 11 African countries into the Mediterranean.
2. The Nile River flows into which sea?
A) Red Sea
B) Mediterranean Sea
C) Arabian Sea
D) Atlantic Ocean
Answer: B
Explanation: The Nile empties into the Mediterranean at its delta in Egypt.
3. The Congo River is second longest in Africa and is famous for:
A) Being the deepest river in the world
B) Having the largest delta
C) Originating in Sahara Desert
D) Freezing in winter
Answer: A
Explanation: The Congo is the deepest river (>220 m depth).
4. The Niger River flows through which countries?
A) Egypt & Sudan
B) Nigeria, Niger, Mali, Guinea
C) Kenya & Tanzania
D) Libya & Algeria
Answer: B
Explanation: The Niger forms an inland delta in Mali before reaching Nigeria.
5. The Zambezi River is famous for:
A) Aswan Dam
B) Victoria Falls
C) Okavango Delta
D) Suez Canal
Answer: B
Explanation: The Zambezi (Africa’s 4th longest) forms Victoria Falls on Zambia–Zimbabwe border.
6. The Limpopo River flows into:
A) Indian Ocean
B) Atlantic Ocean
C) Mediterranean Sea
D) Red Sea
Answer: A
Explanation: Limpopo flows through South Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique into the Indian Ocean.
7. The Orange River is the longest in:
A) Egypt
B) South Africa
C) Nigeria
D) Morocco
Answer: B
Explanation: Orange River rises in Lesotho, flows west across South Africa into the Atlantic.
8. The Volga River drains into:
A) Black Sea
B) Baltic Sea
C) Caspian Sea
D) Mediterranean Sea
Answer: C
Explanation: Volga is the longest river in Europe (3,530 km), draining into the Caspian Sea.
9. The Danube River flows into which sea?
A) Mediterranean Sea
B) Black Sea
C) North Sea
D) Adriatic Sea
Answer: B
Explanation: Danube (2,850 km) crosses 10 countries and drains into the Black Sea.
10. Which capital cities lie on the Danube?
A) Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade
B) Paris, London, Berlin
C) Rome, Athens, Sofia
D) Warsaw, Prague, Kiev
Answer: A
Explanation: Vienna (Austria), Budapest (Hungary), and Belgrade (Serbia) are on Danube.
11. The Seine River flows through:
A) Rome
B) Paris
C) Berlin
D) Madrid
Answer: B
Explanation: Seine flows through Paris, emptying into English Channel.
12. The Thames River flows into:
A) North Sea
B) Black Sea
C) Atlantic Ocean
D) English Channel
Answer: A
Explanation: Thames flows across London into the North Sea.
13. The Rhine River originates in:
A) Germany
B) Switzerland
C) France
D) Austria
Answer: B
Explanation: Rhine rises in Swiss Alps, flows through Germany into the North Sea.
14. The Elbe River flows into:
A) North Sea (Germany)
B) Baltic Sea
C) Black Sea
D) Caspian Sea
Answer: A
15. The Loire is the longest river in:
A) France
B) Spain
C) Italy
D) Germany
Answer: A
Explanation: Loire (1,012 km) is the longest river in France.
16. The Po River is the longest in:
A) Italy
B) Spain
C) France
D) Portugal
Answer: A
Explanation: Po River flows across northern Italy into Adriatic Sea.
17. The Tagus River flows through:
A) France
B) Italy
C) Spain and Portugal
D) Germany
Answer: C
Explanation: Tagus (Tajo in Spain, Tejo in Portugal) drains into the Atlantic Ocean at Lisbon.
18. The Douro River flows into:
A) Adriatic Sea
B) Black Sea
C) Atlantic Ocean
D) Mediterranean Sea
Answer: C
Explanation: Douro rises in Spain, flows into Portugal’s Atlantic coast at Porto.
19. The Dniester and Dnieper rivers drain into:
A) Baltic Sea
B) Caspian Sea
C) Black Sea
D) North Sea
Answer: C
20. The Neva River flows into:
A) Black Sea
B) Baltic Sea (Gulf of Finland)
C) Caspian Sea
D) North Sea
Answer: B
Explanation: Neva flows through St. Petersburg into Baltic Sea.
21. The Rhône River flows into:
A) Bay of Biscay
B) Adriatic Sea
C) Mediterranean Sea
D) North Sea
Answer: C
Explanation: Rhône originates in the Alps (Switzerland), flows into Mediterranean at Marseille.
22. The Ebro is the longest river in:
A) France
B) Spain
C) Italy
D) Portugal
Answer: B
Explanation: Ebro flows into the Mediterranean Sea.
23. The Vistula is the longest river in:
A) Poland
B) Ukraine
C) Romania
D) Bulgaria
Answer: A
Explanation: Vistula flows through Krakow and Warsaw into the Baltic Sea.
24. The Shannon is the longest river in:
A) England
B) Ireland
C) Scotland
D) Wales
Answer: B
Explanation: River Shannon flows across central Ireland into the Atlantic.
25. The Oder River flows into which sea?
A) Black Sea
B) Baltic Sea
C) Caspian Sea
D) Mediterranean Sea
Answer: B
Explanation: Oder forms part of Poland–Germany border, drains into the Baltic Sea.
26. The longest river in Asia is:
A) Mekong
B) Yangtze
C) Ganga
D) Ob
Answer: B
Explanation: Yangtze (Chang Jiang) is ~6,300 km long, the longest in Asia and 3rd longest in the world.
27. The Yangtze River flows into:
A) Yellow Sea
B) South China Sea
C) East China Sea
D) Bay of Bengal
Answer: C
Explanation: It empties into the East China Sea at Shanghai.
28. The Three Gorges Dam is built on which river?
A) Mekong
B) Yangtze
C) Yellow River
D) Amur
Answer: B
Explanation: The world’s largest hydroelectric dam, located in Hubei province, China.
29. The Yellow River (Huang He) is known as:
A) River of Joy
B) Sorrow of China
C) Red River
D) Pearl River
Answer: B
Explanation: Frequent flooding earned it the name “China’s Sorrow.”
30. The Mekong River flows through how many countries?
A) 3
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8
Answer: C
Explanation: Mekong flows through China, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam.
31. The Ganga River originates from:
A) Mount Kailash
B) Gangotri Glacier
C) Mansarovar Lake
D) Yamunotri Glacier
Answer: B
Explanation: Bhagirathi stream from Gangotri Glacier joins Alaknanda to form the Ganga.
32. The Ganga flows into which sea?
A) Arabian Sea
B) Bay of Bengal
C) Indian Ocean (Arabian Sea side)
D) Pacific Ocean
Answer: B
Explanation: Ganga–Brahmaputra delta is the world’s largest delta, draining into Bay of Bengal.
33. The Brahmaputra River originates from:
A) Kailash Range, Tibet
B) Himalayas (India)
C) Nepal
D) Bhutan
Answer: A
Explanation: It originates as Yarlung Tsangpo in Tibet, enters India (Arunachal Pradesh), then Bangladesh.
34. The Indus River originates from:
A) Mansarovar Lake region (Tibet)
B) Gangotri Glacier
C) Pamirs
D) Karakoram
Answer: A
Explanation: Indus originates near Lake Mansarovar, Tibet, and flows into the Arabian Sea in Pakistan.
35. Which river is the lifeline of Pakistan?
A) Ganga
B) Indus
C) Brahmaputra
D) Amu Darya
Answer: B
Explanation: Indus supports agriculture and irrigation in Pakistan’s Indus plains.
36. The Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers drain into:
A) Aral Sea
B) Caspian Sea
C) Black Sea
D) Mediterranean Sea
Answer: A
Explanation: These Central Asian rivers once fed the Aral Sea, now greatly reduced due to irrigation.
37. The Ob, Yenisei, and Lena rivers flow into:
A) Black Sea
B) Arctic Ocean
C) Caspian Sea
D) Pacific Ocean
Answer: B
Explanation: Major Siberian rivers flowing northwards into the Arctic Ocean.
38. The longest river in Russia and Siberia is:
A) Lena
B) Ob
C) Yenisei
D) Volga
Answer: A
Explanation: Lena River (4,400 km) flows entirely within Russia, into Arctic’s Laptev Sea.
39. The Amur River forms a boundary between:
A) China and India
B) China and Russia
C) India and Pakistan
D) Russia and Mongolia
Answer: B
Explanation: Amur (Heilong Jiang) is a boundary river between China and Russia.
40. The Irrawaddy River is the main river of:
A) Thailand
B) Vietnam
C) Myanmar
D) Cambodia
Answer: C
Explanation: It flows from north to south Myanmar into the Andaman Sea.
41. The Salween River flows into:
A) Bay of Bengal
B) Andaman Sea
C) South China Sea
D) Arabian Sea
Answer: B
Explanation: Salween flows through China, Myanmar, Thailand into the Andaman Sea.
42. The Red River (Hong Ha) flows into:
A) Mekong Delta
B) Gulf of Tonkin (Vietnam)
C) Bay of Bengal
D) South China Sea
Answer: B
Explanation: Red River flows through Hanoi, Vietnam, into Gulf of Tonkin.
43. The Pearl River (Zhujiang) flows into:
A) Yellow Sea
B) South China Sea
C) East China Sea
D) Bay of Bengal
Answer: B
Explanation: Pearl River estuary is near Hong Kong, Macau, Guangzhou.
44. The Ob River originates in:
A) Altai Mountains
B) Himalayas
C) Caucasus
D) Urals
Answer: A
Explanation: Ob rises in Altai Mountains of Siberia and flows into Arctic Ocean.
45. The Syr Darya originates in:
A) Pamirs
B) Tien Shan Mountains
C) Altai
D) Hindu Kush
Answer: B
Explanation: Syr Darya originates in Tien Shan, flows through Central Asia to Aral Sea.
46. The Tarim River is located in:
A) India
B) China (Xinjiang, Taklamakan Desert)
C) Pakistan
D) Afghanistan
Answer: B
Explanation: Tarim is the longest inland river of China, flowing in arid Xinjiang.
47. The Shatt al-Arab is formed by the confluence of:
A) Tigris and Nile
B) Tigris and Euphrates
C) Indus and Ganga
D) Amu Darya and Syr Darya
Answer: B
Explanation: Shatt al-Arab flows into Persian Gulf, formed by Tigris and Euphrates.
48. The Jordan River flows into:
A) Dead Sea
B) Red Sea
C) Mediterranean Sea
D) Persian Gulf
Answer: A
Explanation: Jordan River is the main source feeding the Dead Sea.
49. The Ob–Irtysh river system is significant because:
A) It forms the longest river system in Siberia
B) It flows into Black Sea
C) It flows into Mediterranean
D) It supports the Suez Canal
Answer: A
Explanation: Ob–Irtysh is one of the longest river systems in the world (~5,410 km).
50. The Brahmaputra is called Jamuna in:
A) India
B) Bangladesh
C) Nepal
D) Tibet
Answer: B
Explanation: In Bangladesh, Brahmaputra is known as Jamuna, before joining Ganga (Padma).
51. The largest river in the world by discharge is:
A) Nile
B) Amazon
C) Mississippi
D) Paraná
Answer: B
Explanation: Amazon (≈6,400 km) in South America carries ~20% of the world’s river water discharge.
52. The Amazon River flows into:
A) Pacific Ocean
B) Atlantic Ocean
C) Caribbean Sea
D) Gulf of Mexico
Answer: B
Explanation: Amazon flows eastward across Brazil into the Atlantic Ocean.
53. The Mississippi–Missouri River system drains into:
A) Gulf of Mexico
B) Atlantic Ocean
C) Pacific Ocean
D) Caribbean Sea
Answer: A
Explanation: This system is the 4th longest in the world, draining central USA into the Gulf of Mexico.
54. The Mississippi River originates in:
A) Rocky Mountains
B) Lake Itasca, Minnesota
C) Great Lakes
D) Appalachian Mountains
Answer: B
Explanation: Mississippi rises from Lake Itasca in Minnesota.
55. The Missouri River is the longest tributary of:
A) Amazon
B) Mississippi
C) Paraná
D) Yukon
Answer: B
Explanation: Missouri (3,767 km) is the longest tributary of the Mississippi system.
56. The Colorado River is famous for carving:
A) Yosemite Valley
B) Grand Canyon
C) Niagara Falls
D) Yellowstone Valley
Answer: B
Explanation: Colorado River carved the Grand Canyon in Arizona, USA.
57. The Rio Grande forms part of the border between:
A) USA and Canada
B) USA and Mexico
C) Mexico and Guatemala
D) Argentina and Brazil
Answer: B
Explanation: Rio Grande flows from Colorado (USA) into the Gulf of Mexico, forming US–Mexico border.
58. The Mackenzie River is the longest river system in:
A) USA
B) Canada
C) Brazil
D) Mexico
Answer: B
Explanation: Mackenzie (4,241 km) drains northwest Canada into the Arctic Ocean.
59. The Yukon River flows through:
A) USA (Alaska) and Canada
B) Brazil and Peru
C) Mexico and USA
D) Argentina and Chile
Answer: A
Explanation: Yukon flows 3,185 km from Canada into Alaska, draining into Bering Sea.
60. The St. Lawrence River connects:
A) Gulf of Mexico and Great Lakes
B) Great Lakes and Atlantic Ocean
C) Mississippi and Pacific Ocean
D) Amazon and Andes
Answer: B
Explanation: St. Lawrence River drains the Great Lakes into the Atlantic.
61. Niagara Falls lies on which river?
A) Hudson
B) Niagara
C) St. Lawrence
D) Columbia
Answer: B
Explanation: Niagara River connects Lake Erie to Lake Ontario, forming Niagara Falls.
62. The Columbia River flows into:
A) Gulf of Mexico
B) Pacific Ocean
C) Atlantic Ocean
D) Arctic Ocean
Answer: B
Explanation: Columbia flows from British Columbia (Canada) through USA to the Pacific Ocean.
63. The Paraná River is mainly in:
A) Peru
B) Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina
C) Chile
D) Mexico
Answer: B
Explanation: Paraná (4,880 km) is South America’s second longest after the Amazon.
64. The Paraguay River is a major tributary of:
A) Paraná
B) Amazon
C) Orinoco
D) São Francisco
Answer: A
65. The Uruguay River joins Paraná to form:
A) Amazon Delta
B) Río de la Plata Estuary
C) Orinoco Basin
D) Lake Titicaca
Answer: B
Explanation: Uruguay and Paraná join to form the Río de la Plata estuary near Buenos Aires.
66. The Orinoco River is primarily in:
A) Brazil
B) Venezuela and Colombia
C) Peru and Ecuador
D) Chile
Answer: B
Explanation: Orinoco (~2,140 km) flows mostly through Venezuela into the Atlantic.
67. The São Francisco River flows through:
A) Argentina
B) Brazil
C) Chile
D) Peru
Answer: B
Explanation: São Francisco (~3,160 km) is a major river of Brazil flowing into the Atlantic.
68. The Magdalena River is the principal river of:
A) Venezuela
B) Colombia
C) Ecuador
D) Peru
Answer: B
Explanation: Magdalena (1,528 km) flows north entirely through Colombia into the Caribbean Sea.
69. The Negro River is a major tributary of:
A) Orinoco
B) Paraná
C) Amazon
D) São Francisco
Answer: C
Explanation: Negro joins Amazon near Manaus, Brazil.
70. The Madeira River is a significant tributary of:
A) Paraná
B) Amazon
C) Orinoco
D) São Francisco
Answer: B
Explanation: Madeira (~3,380 km) is Amazon’s largest tributary by volume.
71. The Tocantins River is located in:
A) Argentina
B) Brazil
C) Colombia
D) Venezuela
Answer: B
Explanation: Tocantins flows north through central Brazil into the Atlantic.
72. Lake Titicaca (highest navigable lake) is drained by:
A) Paraná River
B) Desaguadero River
C) Amazon River
D) Orinoco River
Answer: B
Explanation: Desaguadero drains Titicaca southward into Bolivia.
73. The Essequibo River is the longest river in:
A) Guyana
B) Suriname
C) Venezuela
D) French Guiana
Answer: A
Explanation: Essequibo flows north through Guyana into the Atlantic.
74. The Hudson River flows through:
A) Chicago
B) Boston
C) New York
D) Los Angeles
Answer: C
Explanation: Hudson flows into New York Bay, forming New York Harbor.
75. The Negro, Orinoco, and Casiquiare Canal form a unique connection between:
A) Amazon and Paraná basins
B) Orinoco and Amazon basins
C) Mississippi and Great Lakes
D) Paraná and São Francisco basins
Answer: B
Explanation: Casiquiare Canal (Venezuela) naturally links Orinoco and Amazon basins.
76. The longest river in Australia is:
A) Darling
B) Murray
C) Murrumbidgee
D) Fitzroy
Answer: B
Explanation: The Murray (≈2,508 km) is Australia’s longest river, forming the Murray–Darling Basin.
77. The Murray River flows into:
A) Coral Sea
B) Gulf of Carpentaria
C) Southern Ocean
D) Tasman Sea
Answer: C
Explanation: Murray drains into the Southern Ocean at South Australia.
78. The Darling River is the major tributary of:
A) Ganga
B) Murray
C) Amazon
D) Mississippi
Answer: B
Explanation: Darling joins the Murray at Wentworth, forming the Murray–Darling Basin.
79. The Murrumbidgee River is a tributary of:
A) Darling
B) Murray
C) Fitzroy
D) Swan
Answer: B
Explanation: Murrumbidgee joins Murray near Balranald, NSW.
80. The Fitzroy River is located in:
A) Western Australia & Queensland
B) Victoria
C) New South Wales
D) South Australia
Answer: A
Explanation: There are Fitzroy rivers in WA and Queensland, both draining into the ocean.
81. The Swan River flows through which Australian city?
A) Sydney
B) Melbourne
C) Brisbane
D) Perth
Answer: D
Explanation: Swan River flows through Perth into the Indian Ocean.
82. The Burdekin River is located in:
A) Western Australia
B) Queensland
C) Tasmania
D) Victoria
Answer: B
Explanation: Burdekin is the largest river in Queensland by discharge.
83. The Ord River is significant for:
A) Flood irrigation schemes in Western Australia
B) Being Australia’s longest river
C) Forming a delta in Sydney
D) Producing hydroelectricity only
Answer: A
Explanation: The Ord River Irrigation Scheme supports agriculture in WA.
84. The Gascoyne River is located in:
A) Tasmania
B) Western Australia
C) Queensland
D) Northern Territory
Answer: B
Explanation: Gascoyne is an intermittent river in WA.
85. The Paroo River is unique because:
A) It never reaches the sea
B) It forms the longest estuary in Australia
C) It flows only underground
D) It flows into Lake Eyre permanently
Answer: A
Explanation: Paroo is an ephemeral river in the Murray–Darling Basin.
86. The only major perennial river of Western Australia is:
A) Murray
B) Ord
C) Gascoyne
D) Swan
Answer: B
Explanation: Ord is perennial due to Lake Argyle dam.
87. The Onyx River, Antarctica, flows into:
A) Southern Ocean
B) Ross Sea
C) Lake Vanda (McMurdo Dry Valleys)
D) Ice shelves
Answer: C
Explanation: Onyx River (≈32 km) is Antarctica’s longest river, flowing only in summer.
88. Which river is the largest in the Arctic region?
A) Lena
B) Mackenzie
C) Ob
D) Yenisei
Answer: D
Explanation: Yenisei (5,539 km) is the largest Arctic-flowing river system.
89. The Mackenzie River flows into:
A) Gulf of Mexico
B) Hudson Bay
C) Beaufort Sea (Arctic Ocean)
D) Bering Sea
Answer: C
Explanation: Mackenzie drains into the Arctic Ocean via the Beaufort Sea.
90. Which river drains Greenland’s meltwater?
A) Watson River
B) Onyx River
C) Yukon River
D) Tana River
Answer: A
Explanation: Watson River drains meltwater from Greenland Ice Sheet into Baffin Bay.
91. Which river forms the boundary between the USA and Canada in parts?
A) Yukon
B) St. Lawrence
C) Niagara
D) St. Croix
Answer: C
Explanation: Niagara River partly marks the border between Canada and USA.
92. Which river connects the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean?
A) Hudson
B) St. Lawrence
C) Mississippi
D) Missouri
Answer: B
93. Which river has the largest delta in the world?
A) Amazon
B) Ganga–Brahmaputra
C) Nile
D) Mekong
Answer: B
Explanation: Ganga–Brahmaputra delta (~100,000 sq. km) is the largest delta globally.
94. Which river carries the maximum sediment load in the world?
A) Nile
B) Amazon
C) Huang He (Yellow River)
D) Mississippi
Answer: C
Explanation: Huang He is known for its high silt load, giving its yellow color.
95. Which river is known as the “Sorrow of Bihar”?
A) Ganga
B) Kosi
C) Gandak
D) Yamuna
Answer: B
Explanation: Kosi frequently changes course, causing floods in Bihar.
96. Which river is called the “Highway of Central Africa”?
A) Zambezi
B) Niger
C) Congo
D) Limpopo
Answer: C
Explanation: Congo River is navigable and important for Central Africa’s transport.
97. Which river is called the “Danube of the East”?
A) Mekong
B) Irrawaddy
C) Ganga
D) Ob
Answer: A
Explanation: Mekong is compared to Danube for its multi-country course.
98. Which river system is called the “Lifeline of Pakistan”?
A) Indus
B) Jhelum
C) Chenab
D) Ravi
Answer: A
Explanation: Indus sustains agriculture in Pakistan’s Indus plains.
99. Which river in Africa crosses the Equator twice?
A) Nile
B) Congo
C) Niger
D) Zambezi
Answer: B
Explanation: The Congo River crosses the equator twice during its course.
100. Which statement is TRUE about rivers?
A) All rivers flow north
B) All rivers end in the sea
C) Some rivers flow into lakes or inland basins
D) Rivers exist only in hot regions
Answer: C
Explanation: Examples include Okavango (Botswana) ending in an inland delta, and Tarim (China) ending in deserts.