1. How many major ports are there in India?
a) 10
b) 11
c) 12
d) 13
Answer: d) 13
Explanation: India has 13 major ports – 12 government-run and 1 private (Kamarajar Port, Ennore).
2. The largest port in India by volume of cargo handled is:
a) Mumbai Port
b) Paradip Port
c) Kandla (Deendayal) Port
d) Chennai Port
Answer: c) Kandla (Deendayal) Port
Explanation: Located in Gujarat, Deendayal Port (Kandla) handles the highest cargo volume, especially crude oil and petroleum products.
3. The oldest port on the east coast of India is:
a) Visakhapatnam
b) Chennai
c) Paradip
d) Tuticorin
Answer: b) Chennai
Explanation: Chennai Port, established in 1881, is the oldest artificial harbor on India’s east coast.
4. The only riverine major port in India is:
a) Haldia
b) Kolkata
c) Paradip
d) Tuticorin
Answer: b) Kolkata
Explanation: Kolkata Port (Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port) is located on the Hooghly River and is India’s only riverine major port.
5. Which port is known as the “Gateway of India’s North-East”?
a) Paradip
b) Kolkata
c) Haldia
d) Visakhapatnam
Answer: d) Visakhapatnam
Explanation: Visakhapatnam Port in Andhra Pradesh serves as the main gateway for trade in India’s eastern and north-eastern regions.
6. The Kandla Port is located in which state?
a) Maharashtra
b) Gujarat
c) Goa
d) Karnataka
Answer: b) Gujarat
Explanation: Kandla (Deendayal Port) lies on the Gulf of Kachchh in Gujarat.
7. Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT), also known as Nhava Sheva, is located near:
a) Chennai
b) Kochi
c) Mumbai
d) Goa
Answer: c) Mumbai
Explanation: JNPT is situated in Navi Mumbai and is India’s largest container port.
8. The Paradip Port is located in which state?
a) Andhra Pradesh
b) Odisha
c) Tamil Nadu
d) West Bengal
Answer: b) Odisha
Explanation: Paradip is Odisha’s major port, handling petroleum, coal, and iron ore exports.
9. The New Mangalore Port is in which state?
a) Kerala
b) Karnataka
c) Maharashtra
d) Goa
Answer: b) Karnataka
Explanation: New Mangalore Port is the major port of Karnataka, handling iron ore, coffee, and fertilizer exports.
10. The Tuticorin Port (V.O. Chidambaranar Port) is located in:
a) Kerala
b) Andhra Pradesh
c) Tamil Nadu
d) Karnataka
Answer: c) Tamil Nadu
Explanation: V.O.C. Port at Thoothukudi (Tuticorin) is a natural harbor and major port on Tamil Nadu’s coast.
11. The Mormugao Port is located in which state?
a) Kerala
b) Goa
c) Karnataka
d) Maharashtra
Answer: b) Goa
Explanation: Mormugao is Goa’s major port, handling iron ore and other bulk cargo.
12. The Cochin Port is located on which island?
a) Willingdon Island
b) Salsette Island
c) Elephanta Island
d) Majuli Island
Answer: a) Willingdon Island
Explanation: Cochin Port in Kerala is built on Willingdon Island between the Arabian Sea and backwaters.
13. The Port Blair port is located in which Union Territory?
a) Lakshadweep
b) Puducherry
c) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
d) Daman and Diu
Answer: c) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Explanation: Port Blair serves as a transshipment hub and the capital of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
14. The Mumbai Port is situated on which coast?
a) Konkan Coast
b) Malabar Coast
c) Coromandel Coast
d) Kathiawar Coast
Answer: a) Konkan Coast
Explanation: Mumbai Port is a natural harbor on the Konkan Coast of Maharashtra.
15. Which port is also called “Queen of the Arabian Sea”?
a) Mormugao
b) Cochin
c) New Mangalore
d) Mumbai
Answer: b) Cochin
Explanation: Cochin (Kochi) has been a major center for spice trade for centuries, earning the nickname “Queen of the Arabian Sea.”
16. The Haldia Port is located near?
a) Visakhapatnam
b) Kolkata
c) Chennai
d) Paradip
Answer: b) Kolkata
Explanation: Haldia Dock is a part of Kolkata Port, developed to relieve congestion in Kolkata harbor.
17. The Ennore Port (Kamarajar Port) is located near which city?
a) Chennai
b) Mangalore
c) Tuticorin
d) Kochi
Answer: a) Chennai
Explanation: Kamarajar Port at Ennore (Tamil Nadu) is India’s first corporatized major port.
18. The Visakhapatnam Port is located along which coast?
a) Coromandel Coast
b) Malabar Coast
c) Konkan Coast
d) Kathiawar Coast
Answer: a) Coromandel Coast
Explanation: Visakhapatnam lies on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal.
19. The Chennai Port primarily handles which type of cargo?
a) Petroleum
b) Automobiles & containers
c) Fertilizers
d) Timber
Answer: b) Automobiles & containers
Explanation: Chennai Port is a key container and automobile handling port in South India.
20. The Deendayal Port was formerly known as:
a) Kandla Port
b) Mundra Port
c) Porbandar Port
d) Pipavav Port
Answer: a) Kandla Port
Explanation: Kandla was renamed Deendayal Port in 2017 in honor of Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya.
21. The JNPT (Nhava Sheva) mainly handles:
a) Coal
b) Petroleum
c) Containers
d) Fertilizer
Answer: c) Containers
Explanation: JNPT is India’s largest container port, handling over half of India’s containerized cargo.
22. The Paradip Port lies on which river?
a) Mahanadi
b) Godavari
c) Krishna
d) Brahmani
Answer: a) Mahanadi
Explanation: Paradip Port is situated near the Mahanadi River delta in Odisha.
23. The Mundra Port, India’s largest private port, is in which state?
a) Maharashtra
b) Gujarat
c) Tamil Nadu
d) Odisha
Answer: b) Gujarat
Explanation: Mundra Port in Gujarat is operated by Adani Ports & SEZ Ltd, India’s largest private port operator.
24. The Port of Kochi is located between which two water bodies?
a) Vembanad Lake and Arabian Sea
b) Hooghly River and Bay of Bengal
c) Krishna River and Indian Ocean
d) Mahanadi and Chilika Lake
Answer: a) Vembanad Lake and Arabian Sea
Explanation: Kochi Port lies between Vembanad Lake and the Arabian Sea.
25. The major port of Andhra Pradesh handling iron ore exports is:
a) Kakinada
b) Visakhapatnam
c) Krishnapatnam
d) Gangavaram
Answer: b) Visakhapatnam
Explanation: Visakhapatnam handles iron ore exports and naval operations, making it one of India’s busiest ports.
26. Which Indian port was developed to ease the traffic of Kolkata Port?
a) Paradip
b) Haldia
c) Visakhapatnam
d) Tuticorin
Answer: b) Haldia
Explanation: Haldia Dock Complex (West Bengal) was built downstream of Kolkata to reduce silting and ease riverine congestion.
27. Which port is known as the “Gateway of Western India”?
a) Mumbai Port
b) Kandla Port
c) JNPT Port
d) Mormugao Port
Answer: a) Mumbai Port
Explanation: Located on the Konkan coast, Mumbai Port has historically been called the Gateway of Western India for its maritime trade links.
28. Which port is also called “The Manchester of India’s East Coast” for its industrial exports?
a) Chennai
b) Visakhapatnam
c) Paradip
d) Tuticorin
Answer: b) Visakhapatnam
Explanation: Visakhapatnam Port serves Andhra Pradesh’s industrial belt and is linked to iron ore exports from Chhattisgarh and Odisha.
29. Which port handles most of India’s fertilizer imports?
a) Cochin Port
b) Mangalore Port
c) Kandla Port
d) Paradip Port
Answer: c) Kandla Port
Explanation: Deendayal (Kandla) Port is India’s chief hub for fertilizer and petroleum imports.
30. Which Indian port was a major center for the Spice Trade in ancient times?
a) Cochin
b) Mumbai
c) Mormugao
d) Tuticorin
Answer: a) Cochin
Explanation: Cochin (Kerala) was famous since Roman times for its export of spices like pepper and cardamom.
31. Which port was the first to be corporatized in India?
a) JNPT
b) Ennore (Kamarajar)
c) Kandla
d) Visakhapatnam
Answer: b) Ennore (Kamarajar)
Explanation: Kamarajar Port Ltd (Ennore, Tamil Nadu) was India’s first corporatized major port (2001).
32. Which is India’s first major private port developed under PPP model?
a) Mundra Port
b) Pipavav Port
c) Hazira Port
d) Gangavaram Port
Answer: b) Pipavav Port
Explanation: Port of Pipavav (Gujarat) was India’s first private sector port under the Public-Private Partnership model.
33. Which port is associated with the export of iron ore from Goa?
a) Mumbai Port
b) Mormugao Port
c) Kandla Port
d) Cochin Port
Answer: b) Mormugao Port
Explanation: Mormugao (Goa) handles iron ore exports from Goa and Karnataka mines.
34. Which port serves as the main outlet for the steel plants of Bhilai and Rourkela?
a) Haldia Port
b) Visakhapatnam Port
c) Paradip Port
d) Kolkata Port
Answer: c) Paradip Port
Explanation: Paradip Port handles iron ore and coal exports from Odisha and Chhattisgarh’s steel belt.
35. Which port was constructed by the British in the 19th century for cotton exports?
a) Mumbai Port
b) Chennai Port
c) Kandla Port
d) Tuticorin Port
Answer: a) Mumbai Port
Explanation: The British developed Mumbai Port to export cotton to England during the Industrial Revolution.
36. Which port is also known as “Gate Way to South India”?
a) Chennai Port
b) Tuticorin Port
c) Kochi Port
d) Ennore Port
Answer: a) Chennai Port
Explanation: Chennai Port is called the Gateway to South India due to its strategic location and industrial connectivity.
37. Which port handles India’s highest volume of coal imports?
a) Mundra Port
b) Paradip Port
c) JNPT
d) Tuticorin Port
Answer: a) Mundra Port
Explanation: Mundra (Gujarat) handles large volumes of coal, crude oil, and containers for north-western India.
38. Which port is closest to Sri Lanka?
a) Cochin Port
b) Tuticorin (V.O.C.) Port
c) Ennore Port
d) Kakinada Port
Answer: b) Tuticorin (V.O.C.) Port
Explanation: Tuticorin is the southernmost major port of India and the nearest to Sri Lanka.
39. Which is India’s deepest natural harbor?
a) Mumbai Port
b) Visakhapatnam Port
c) Cochin Port
d) Mormugao Port
Answer: b) Visakhapatnam Port
Explanation: Visakhapatnam is India’s deepest natural harbor and serves both commercial and naval purposes.
40. Which port handles the export of coffee from Karnataka and Kerala?
a) New Mangalore Port
b) Cochin Port
c) Mormugao Port
d) Tuticorin Port
Answer: a) New Mangalore Port
Explanation: New Mangalore handles coffee and spices exports from the Western Ghats region.
41. Which port is developed as India’s first smart port under Sagarmala Project?
a) Paradip Port
b) Kandla Port
c) JNPT
d) Visakhapatnam Port
Answer: c) JNPT
Explanation: JNPT is being upgraded with automation and IT connectivity as India’s first smart port under Sagarmala.
42. Which port is the main hub for offshore oil fields of Mumbai High?
a) Mumbai Port
b) Kandla Port
c) JNPT Port
d) Mormugao Port
Answer: a) Mumbai Port
Explanation: Mumbai Port and JNPT serve as logistics bases for the Mumbai High offshore oil operations.
43. Which port was renamed as Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port in 2020?
a) Kolkata Port
b) Haldia Port
c) Paradip Port
d) Visakhapatnam Port
Answer: a) Kolkata Port
Explanation: In January 2020, Kolkata Port Trust was renamed after Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee.
44. Which port is a satellite port of Kolkata?
a) Haldia Port
b) Paradip Port
c) Kakinada Port
d) Vizhinjam Port
Answer: a) Haldia Port
Explanation: Haldia acts as a satellite port to Kolkata Port to handle larger ships.
45. Which port is developed as a joint venture between India and Iran?
a) Mundra Port
b) Chabahar Port
c) Kandla Port
d) Cochin Port
Answer: b) Chabahar Port
Explanation: Although located in Iran, Chabahar Port is developed by India to enhance connectivity to Afghanistan and Central Asia.
46. Which port was renamed as V.O. Chidambaranar Port?
a) Cochin Port
b) Tuticorin Port
c) Kandla Port
d) Ennore Port
Answer: b) Tuticorin Port
Explanation: Tuticorin Port was renamed in 2011 after freedom fighter V.O. Chidambaranar.
47. Which port is also called “The Gateway of Eastern India”?
a) Kolkata Port
b) Paradip Port
c) Haldia Port
d) Visakhapatnam Port
Answer: a) Kolkata Port
Explanation: Located on the Hooghly River, Kolkata Port is India’s Gateway to Eastern India and the land-locked northeast.
48. Which port was developed as a satellite port to relieve Mumbai Port traffic?
a) Mundra Port
b) JNPT Port
c) Mormugao Port
d) Kandla Port
Answer: b) JNPT Port
Explanation: JNPT was constructed in 1989 to handle container traffic and reduce pressure on Mumbai Port.
49. Which port is the largest on India’s east coast by cargo volume?
a) Paradip Port
b) Chennai Port
c) Visakhapatnam Port
d) Haldia Port
Answer: c) Visakhapatnam Port
Explanation: Visakhapatnam Port has the highest cargo throughput on the east coast of India.
50. Which port was originally called the “Jawahar Dock”?
a) Chennai Port
b) Mumbai Port
c) Kandla Port
d) Cochin Port
Answer: a) Chennai Port
Explanation: Chennai Port’s main dock is the Jawahar Dock, commissioned in 1964 to handle cargo ships.
51. Which Indian state has the maximum number of minor ports?
a) Maharashtra
b) Gujarat
c) Tamil Nadu
d) Andhra Pradesh
Answer: b) Gujarat
Explanation: Gujarat has the longest coastline (1,600 km) and over 40 minor ports, the highest in India.
52. The major port on the Malabar Coast is:
a) Cochin Port
b) Chennai Port
c) Mormugao Port
d) Tuticorin Port
Answer: a) Cochin Port
Explanation: The Malabar Coast (Kerala) is home to Cochin Port, a key natural harbor on the Arabian Sea.
53. Which port is located on the Coromandel Coast?
a) Cochin
b) Chennai
c) Mormugao
d) Kandla
Answer: b) Chennai
Explanation: The Coromandel Coast lies along Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh; Chennai is a major port there.
54. The Konkan Coast extends between:
a) Mumbai and Goa
b) Goa and Kanyakumari
c) Daman and Mangalore
d) Mumbai and Mangalore
Answer: d) Mumbai and Mangalore
Explanation: The Konkan Coast runs along Maharashtra, Goa, and Karnataka — hosting ports like Mumbai, Mormugao, and New Mangalore.
55. The Coromandel Coast lies along which sea?
a) Arabian Sea
b) Bay of Bengal
c) Indian Ocean
d) Andaman Sea
Answer: b) Bay of Bengal
Explanation: The Coromandel Coast faces the Bay of Bengal and includes ports such as Chennai, Ennore, and Tuticorin.
56. The headquarters of the Indian Ports Association (IPA) is in:
a) Mumbai
b) New Delhi
c) Kolkata
d) Chennai
Answer: b) New Delhi
Explanation: The Indian Ports Association (IPA), formed in 1966, is headquartered in New Delhi to coordinate major ports’ policies.
57. Which Indian port handles the highest container traffic?
a) Cochin Port
b) JNPT (Nhava Sheva)
c) Kandla Port
d) Chennai Port
Answer: b) JNPT (Nhava Sheva)
Explanation: Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) handles over 55% of India’s containerized trade.
58. The coastal length of India is approximately:
a) 4,000 km
b) 5,000 km
c) 7,500 km
d) 10,000 km
Answer: c) 7,500 km
Explanation: India’s mainland and island coastline together stretch about 7,516 km.
59. Which organization manages India’s major ports?
a) Shipping Corporation of India
b) Indian Port Association
c) Port Trusts
d) Inland Waterways Authority
Answer: c) Port Trusts
Explanation: Major ports are administered by Port Trusts under the Major Port Authorities Act, 2021.
60. Which organization manages inland waterways in India?
a) Indian Ports Association
b) Shipping Corporation of India
c) Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
d) Ministry of Railways
Answer: c) Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
Explanation: The IWAI (established 1986) manages India’s inland navigation and river transport network.
61. The Sagarmala Project was launched in:
a) 2012
b) 2015
c) 2017
d) 2019
Answer: b) 2015
Explanation: Launched in 2015, Sagarmala aims to modernize India’s ports, improve logistics, and enhance coastal connectivity.
62. The Maritime India Vision (MIV) was introduced in which year?
a) 2015
b) 2018
c) 2021
d) 2022
Answer: c) 2021
Explanation: The Maritime India Vision 2030 (MIV 2030) was unveiled in 2021 to boost port capacity and promote coastal shipping.
63. The major port located on the Godavari River delta is:
a) Paradip Port
b) Kakinada Port
c) Visakhapatnam Port
d) Chennai Port
Answer: b) Kakinada Port
Explanation: Kakinada lies on the Godavari delta and serves as an important minor port on Andhra’s coast.
64. Which state has Vizhinjam International Port under construction?
a) Tamil Nadu
b) Kerala
c) Karnataka
d) Andhra Pradesh
Answer: b) Kerala
Explanation: Vizhinjam Port near Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala) is India’s first deep-sea transshipment terminal, being built by Adani Ports.
65. The major shipbuilding yard of India is located at:
a) Kochi
b) Mumbai
c) Kolkata
d) Visakhapatnam
Answer: a) Kochi
Explanation: The Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) is India’s largest shipbuilding and maintenance facility.
66. The Mundra Port is operated by which company?
a) Essar Group
b) Reliance
c) Adani Ports and SEZ Ltd
d) Vedanta
Answer: c) Adani Ports and SEZ Ltd
Explanation: Mundra Port, India’s largest private port, is operated by Adani Ports & Special Economic Zone Ltd.
67. The largest private sector shipyard in India is located at:
a) Pipavav
b) Kochi
c) Visakhapatnam
d) Tuticorin
Answer: a) Pipavav
Explanation: Pipavav Shipyard (Gujarat) is India’s first large private shipbuilding and repair yard.
68. Which port in Andhra Pradesh is India’s deepest private port?
a) Krishnapatnam Port
b) Kakinada Port
c) Gangavaram Port
d) Visakhapatnam Port
Answer: c) Gangavaram Port
Explanation: Gangavaram Port (Visakhapatnam district) is the deepest private port in India with a depth of 21 meters.
69. The minor port of Dhamra is located in which state?
a) Tamil Nadu
b) Odisha
c) Andhra Pradesh
d) Kerala
Answer: b) Odisha
Explanation: Dhamra Port, jointly developed by Adani Group and L&T, lies in Bhadrak district of Odisha.
70. The minor port of Hazira is located near:
a) Surat
b) Vadodara
c) Bhavnagar
d) Rajkot
Answer: a) Surat
Explanation: Hazira Port (Gujarat) near Surat handles LNG and petrochemical shipments.
71. The Port of Karaikal is located in which Union Territory?
a) Puducherry
b) Andaman & Nicobar Islands
c) Daman & Diu
d) Lakshadweep
Answer: a) Puducherry
Explanation: Karaikal Port in Puducherry is a private deep-water port on the east coast.
72. The Sikka Port in Gujarat is associated with:
a) Petroleum
b) Iron Ore
c) Fishing
d) Fertilizers
Answer: a) Petroleum
Explanation: Sikka Port near Jamnagar handles petroleum exports from Reliance Industries’ refinery complex.
73. The port of Dahej is known for handling:
a) LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas)
b) Iron Ore
c) Coal
d) Fertilizer
Answer: a) LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas)
Explanation: Dahej Port (Gujarat) has India’s first LNG terminal, operated by Petronet LNG Ltd.
74. The major port located in Tamil Nadu for coal imports is:
a) Ennore (Kamarajar) Port
b) Tuticorin Port
c) Nagapattinam Port
d) Karaikal Port
Answer: a) Ennore (Kamarajar) Port
Explanation: Ennore Port primarily handles coal, petroleum, and automobile cargo.
75. The headquarters of the Directorate General of Shipping (DGS) is located at:
a) Chennai
b) Mumbai
c) New Delhi
d) Visakhapatnam
Answer: b) Mumbai
Explanation: The Directorate General of Shipping (DGS) under the Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways is based in Mumbai.
76. The Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways was renamed in which year?
a) 2014
b) 2019
c) 2020
d) 2022
Answer: c) 2020
Explanation: In 2020, the Ministry of Shipping was renamed as the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways to emphasize port-led development.
77. The Sagarmala Programme aims to:
a) Develop coastal tourism only
b) Modernize ports and promote port-led development
c) Build more airports near coasts
d) Strengthen river transport
Answer: b) Modernize ports and promote port-led development
Explanation: Launched in 2015, the Sagarmala Programme focuses on improving port infrastructure, industrialization, and coastal employment.
78. Which port was declared as the first 100% landlord major port in India?
a) Kandla Port
b) JNPT Port
c) Chennai Port
d) Paradip Port
Answer: b) JNPT Port
Explanation: In 2021, JNPT (Nhava Sheva) became India’s first 100% landlord port, meaning operations are fully privatized under a concession model.
79. The Maritime India Vision 2030 (MIV 2030) aims to:
a) Build new airports
b) Develop India as a global maritime leader
c) Privatize all ports
d) Increase rail connectivity
Answer: b) Develop India as a global maritime leader
Explanation: The MIV 2030 roadmap envisions boosting cargo capacity, efficiency, and international trade competitiveness by 2030.
80. Which port became the first Green Hydrogen Hub in India (as announced 2023)?
a) Cochin Port
b) Kandla Port
c) Paradip Port
d) Vizhinjam Port
Answer: a) Cochin Port
Explanation: Cochin Port (Kerala) is being developed as India’s first Green Hydrogen production and export hub under MIV 2030.
81. The Deepest Draft Port in India is:
a) Gangavaram Port
b) Mundra Port
c) Kandla Port
d) Tuticorin Port
Answer: a) Gangavaram Port
Explanation: Gangavaram Port (Andhra Pradesh) has a natural depth of 21 meters, allowing the handling of Capesize vessels.
82. The first port-based SEZ (Special Economic Zone) in India was established at:
a) Kandla Port
b) Mundra Port
c) JNPT Port
d) Cochin Port
Answer: b) Mundra Port
Explanation: The Mundra SEZ, established by Adani Group, was India’s first SEZ developed around a port.
83. The Maritime State Development Council (MSDC) was set up in:
a) 1997
b) 2001
c) 2005
d) 2010
Answer: a) 1997
Explanation: The MSDC was constituted in 1997 to ensure coordination between the Centre and states in port and maritime development.
84. The Major Port Authorities Act, 2021 replaced which earlier Act?
a) Indian Ports Act, 1908
b) Major Port Trusts Act, 1963
c) Merchant Shipping Act, 1958
d) Dock Workers Act, 1948
Answer: b) Major Port Trusts Act, 1963
Explanation: The Major Port Authorities Act, 2021 replaced the 1963 Act to grant more autonomy to port boards and enable faster decision-making.
85. Under Sagarmala, how many coastal economic zones (CEZs)** are planned?
a) 8
b) 10
c) 12
d) 14
Answer: d) 14
Explanation: 14 Coastal Economic Zones have been planned under the Sagarmala Programme to boost port-based industrialization.
86. The project “Sagar Setu” is related to:
a) Port digitalization
b) Coastal tourism
c) Inland navigation
d) Marine fishing
Answer: a) Port digitalization
Explanation: The Sagar Setu app by the Ministry of Ports integrates all port and shipping services digitally for traders and logistics users.
87. The Port of Kolkata celebrated its 150th anniversary in which year?
a) 2009
b) 2012
c) 2020
d) 2021
Answer: c) 2020
Explanation: Established in 1870, Kolkata Port completed 150 years in 2020 and was renamed Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port.
88. Which port was awarded as the “Best Port of the Year” under the Maritime India Summit 2021?
a) Paradip Port
b) JNPT Port
c) Deendayal (Kandla) Port
d) Cochin Port
Answer: b) JNPT Port
Explanation: JNPT (Nhava Sheva) received the Best Port Award at the 2021 Maritime India Summit for efficiency and innovation.
89. Which port has been developed as a Smart Port City under the Smart City Mission?
a) Paradip Port
b) Visakhapatnam Port
c) Tuticorin Port
d) Kandla Port
Answer: b) Visakhapatnam Port
Explanation: Visakhapatnam has been developed as a Smart Port City, integrating port infrastructure with urban amenities.
90. The SagarMitra Scheme is related to:
a) Welfare of fishermen
b) Training of ship officers
c) Development of shipyards
d) Port privatization
Answer: a) Welfare of fishermen
Explanation: The SagarMitra initiative aims to empower coastal communities and promote sustainable fishing practices.
91. The Port-led industrial cluster in Tamil Nadu under Sagarmala is located at:
a) Tuticorin
b) Ennore
c) Cuddalore
d) Nagapattinam
Answer: a) Tuticorin
Explanation: Tuticorin (V.O.C. Port) has been identified as an industrial cluster zone under the Sagarmala initiative.
92. Which major Indian port is being upgraded as a transshipment hub to compete with Colombo Port?
a) Vizhinjam Port
b) Cochin Port
c) Tuticorin Port
d) Chennai Port
Answer: a) Vizhinjam Port
Explanation: Vizhinjam International Deepwater Port in Kerala is India’s upcoming transshipment hub to handle large vessels.
93. Which port serves as the main naval base of the Eastern Naval Command?
a) Chennai Port
b) Paradip Port
c) Visakhapatnam Port
d) Cochin Port
Answer: c) Visakhapatnam Port
Explanation: Visakhapatnam Port also houses India’s Eastern Naval Command headquarters.
94. The Coastal Berth Scheme is a part of which major programme?
a) Bharatmala
b) Sagarmala
c) MIV 2030
d) Make in India
Answer: b) Sagarmala
Explanation: The Coastal Berth Scheme under Sagarmala aims to develop coastal shipping facilities at major and non-major ports.
95. Which port handles the maximum number of automobile exports in India?
a) Chennai Port
b) Ennore Port
c) Kandla Port
d) Mormugao Port
Answer: b) Ennore Port
Explanation: Kamarajar (Ennore) Port handles the bulk of automobile exports from South India.
96. Which state launched the “Blue Economy Policy” focusing on port development in 2022?
a) Gujarat
b) Maharashtra
c) Kerala
d) Andhra Pradesh
Answer: a) Gujarat
Explanation: Gujarat’s Blue Economy Policy integrates port modernization, fisheries, and maritime logistics.
97. The Project UNNATI of the Ministry of Shipping is related to:
a) Upgrading shipyards
b) Improving port efficiency and performance
c) Building new cruise terminals
d) Modernizing lighthouses
Answer: b) Improving port efficiency and performance
Explanation: Project UNNATI was launched to identify and implement best practices for efficiency at major ports.
98. Which Indian port has the largest oil refinery complex nearby?
a) Kandla Port
b) Sikka Port
c) Paradip Port
d) Kochi Port
Answer: b) Sikka Port
Explanation: Sikka Port (Gujarat) handles exports from Reliance Industries’ Jamnagar Refinery, the world’s largest refinery complex.
99. Which port is connected to the Dedicated Freight Corridor (DFC) project for seamless cargo transport?
a) JNPT Port
b) Cochin Port
c) Paradip Port
d) Chennai Port
Answer: a) JNPT Port
Explanation: JNPT is directly linked to the Western Dedicated Freight Corridor (WDFC) for efficient container movement.
100. The theme of Maritime India Summit 2021 was:
a) “Blue Economy for Coastal Prosperity”
b) “Exploring India’s Maritime Future”
c) “India’s Maritime Vision 2030”
d) “Port-led Development for Aatmanirbhar Bharat”
Answer: d) “Port-led Development for Aatmanirbhar Bharat”
Explanation: The Maritime India Summit 2021 focused on developing ports, coastal logistics, and shipbuilding to achieve Aatmanirbhar Bharat.