{"id":12967,"date":"2025-09-25T09:38:19","date_gmt":"2025-09-25T08:38:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/?p=12967"},"modified":"2026-01-19T08:49:52","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T08:49:52","slug":"sexual-reproduction-in-flowering-plant-top-100-mcqs-with-answer-and-explanation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/2025\/09\/25\/sexual-reproduction-in-flowering-plant-top-100-mcqs-with-answer-and-explanation\/","title":{"rendered":"Sexual reproduction in flowering plant Top 100 MCQs With Answer and Explanation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">1. The reproductive unit of angiosperms is ____________.<br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Leaf<br>B) Stem<br>C) Flower<br>D) Fruit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Flower is the reproductive organ in angiosperms.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">2. Male reproductive organ of flower is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Carpel<br>B) Androecium<br>C) Gynoecium<br>D) Ovule<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Androecium consists of stamens producing pollen.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">3. Female reproductive organ of flower is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Carpel (Gynoecium)<br>B) Stamen<br>C) Anther<br>D) Sepal<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The gynoecium is the innermost whorl of a flower and represents the female reproductive system. Its individual unit is called a carpel (or pistil).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">4. Pollen grains are produced in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Ovary<br>B) Anther<br>C) Stigma<br>D) Style<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Pollen grains are the male gametophytes of flowering plants and are produced within the anther, which is the fertile, often bulbous part of the stamen (the male reproductive organ).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">5. Microsporangia are present in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Ovule<br>B) Anther lobes<br>C) Stigma<br>D) Style<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Each anther has four microsporangia.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">6. The functional unit of anther producing pollen is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Locule<br>B) Microsporangium<br>C) Megasporangium<br>D) Nucellus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  the microsporangium is the technical name for the pollen sac found within the anther. It is the functional unit where the development of pollen grains (microsporogenesis) occurs.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">7. Tapetum in anther helps in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Nutrition of developing pollen<br>B) Protection<br>C) Pollen dispersal<br>D) Seed formation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The tapetum is the innermost layer of the anther wall. It is a highly specialized tissue that plays a critical role in the healthy development of pollen grains.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">8. Pollen grains are made up of<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Cellulose<br>B) Pectin<br>C) Sporopollenin<br>D) Lignin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Extremely resistant biopolymer in exine wall.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">9. Sporopollenin is absent at<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Germ pore<br>B) Exine<br>C) Intine<br>D) Tapetum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Sporopollenin is one of the most resistant organic materials known to man; it can withstand high temperatures and strong acids\/alkalis, and no enzyme that degrades it has been found yet.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">10. Intine of pollen grain is made of<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Lignin<br>B) Cellulose and pectin<br>C) Sporopollenin<br>D) Suberin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The intine is the inner wall of a pollen grain. Unlike the tough, sculptured outer layer (exine), the intine is a thin, delicate, and continuous layer.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">11. Male gametes are carried in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Style<br>B) Ovule<br>C) Pollen grain<br>D) Nucellus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The pollen grain is the male gametophyte of flowering plants. Its primary job is to carry and protect the male gametes as they travel from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">12. Viability of pollen grain depends on<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Species<br>B) Temperature<br>C) Humidity<br>D) All of these<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: D  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The viability of a pollen grain refers to its ability to germinate and deliver male gametes to the embryo sac. This period is not constant and is influenced by both internal (genetic) and external (environmental) factors.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">13. In angiosperms, microsporogenesis forms<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Ovules<br>B) Megaspores<br>C) Pollen grains<br>D) Embryo sac<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Microsporogenesis is the process by which haploid microspores are formed from a diploid pollen mother cell (PMC) through meiosis. These microspores then mature into pollen grains.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">14. Megasporogenesis leads to formation of<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Pollen<br>B) Megaspore<br>C) Anther<br>D) Tapetum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Megasporogenesis is the biological process by which a diploid cell called the megaspore mother cell (MMC) undergoes meiosis to produce haploid megaspores.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">15. Functional megaspore develops into<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Embryo sac<br>B) Pollen grain<br>C) Endosperm<br>D) Ovary<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The functional megaspore is the single survivor of the four megaspores produced during megasporogenesis. It undergoes a series of mitotic divisions to develop into the female gametophyte, which is commonly known as the embryo sac.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">16. Number of cells in a typical embryo sac is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) 4<br>B) 7<br>C) 8<br>D) 12<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  7 cells but 8 nuclei (egg cell, 2 synergids, 3 antipodals, 2 polar nuclei).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">17. Egg apparatus consists of<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) 1 egg cell + 2 synergids<br>B) 2 polar nuclei<br>C) 3 antipodals<br>D) Zygote<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The egg apparatus is a group of three cells located at the micropylar end of the mature embryo sac (the female gametophyte). It is the most critical part of the embryo sac for reproduction because it contains the female gamete.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">18. Filiform apparatus is present in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Egg cell<br>B) Synergids<br>C) Polar nuclei<br>D) Antipodals<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Guides pollen tube into the embryo sac.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">19. The female gametophyte in angiosperms is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Ovary<br>B) Ovule<br>C) Embryo sac<br>D) Egg cell<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In angiosperms (flowering plants), the embryo sac is the multicellular structure that represents the female gametophyte. It develops within the ovule and houses the female gametes.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">20. In Polygonum type embryo sac development, out of four megaspores<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) One is functional, three degenerate<br>B) All four functional<br>C) Two functional, two degenerate<br>D) Three functional, one degenerate<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In the Polygonum type of embryo sac development, which is the most common type found in over 70% of angiosperms, the process follows a specific pattern of monosporic development.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">21. Number of microspores produced by one meiocyte (PMC)<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) 1<br>B) 2<br>C) 4<br>D) Many<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Each diploid PMC undergoes meiosis to form four haploid microspores.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">22. Ovule is attached to placenta by<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Funicle<br>B) Micropyle<br>C) Hilum<br>D) Nucellus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The funicle is the stalk that attaches the ovule to the placenta. It serves as the primary conduit for nutrients and water between the mother plant and the developing ovule.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">23. Opening through which pollen tube enters ovule<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Hilum<br>B) Chalaza<br>C) Micropyle<br>D) Integument<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The micropyle is a small pore or opening at the apex of the ovule where the integuments (protective layers) do not fully meet.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">24. Integuments of ovule form<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Embryo sac<br>B) Seed coat<br>C) Endosperm<br>D) Hilum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The integuments are the protective outer layers of the ovule.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">25. Nucellus is equivalent to<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Ovule wall<br>B) Megasporangium<br>C) Endosperm<br>D) Zygote<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The nucellus is the central, multicelled part of the ovule. It represents the megasporangium because it is the tissue where the megaspore mother cell develops and undergoes meiosis to produce megaspores.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">26. Transfer of pollen from anther to stigma is called<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Fertilization<br>B) Pollination<br>C) Germination<br>D) Hybridization<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Pollination is the first step in sexual reproduction.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">27. Pollination within the same flower is called<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Geitonogamy<br>B) Autogamy<br>C) Xenogamy<br>D) Cross-pollination<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  When pollen is transferred from the anther to the stigma of the same flower, it is specifically known as autogamy.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">28. Pollination between different flowers of the same plant is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br>A) Geitonogamy<br>B) Autogamy<br>C) Xenogamy<br>D) Cleistogamy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  geitonogamy is genetically considered self-pollination because both flowers belong to the same parent plant and share the same genetic makeup. The transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower on the same plant.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">29. Pollination between flowers of two different plants is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Autogamy<br>B) Xenogamy<br>C) Geitonogamy<br>D) Cleistogamy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Xenogamy is the only type of pollination that is genetically and functionally a form of cross-pollination. It involves the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one plant to the stigma of a flower on a different plant of the same species.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">30. Which type of pollination introduces genetic variation?<br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Autogamy<br>B) Geitonogamy<br>C) Xenogamy<br>D) Cleistogamy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Cross-pollination results in variation.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">31. Pollination by wind is called<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br>A) Entomophily<br>B) Anemophily<br>C) Hydrophily<br>D) Zoophily<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Anemophily (from the Greek anemos, meaning wind) refers to the process where pollen is distributed by air currents. This is a common form of abiotic pollination, especially in grasses and many trees.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">32. Pollination by water is called<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Hydrophily<br>B) Entomophily<br>C) Zoophily<br>D) Ornithophily<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Hydrophily (from the Greek hydro, meaning water) is a relatively rare form of pollination, occurring in only about 30 genera of aquatic plants, mostly monocotyledons. In these plants, water acts as the vector to transport pollen grains to the stigma.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">33. Pollination by insects is termed<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br>A) Hydrophily<br>B) Entomophily<br>C) Zoophily<br>D) Anemophily<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Entomophily (from the Greek entomon, meaning insect) is a form of pollination where pollen grains are distributed by insects, such as bees, butterflies, moths, beetles, and flies. This is the most common type of biotic pollination.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">34. Pollination by birds is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Entomophily<br>B) Zoophily<br>C) Ornithophily<br>D) Anemophily<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Ornithophily (from the Greek ornis\/ornithos, meaning bird) is the process of pollination where birds serve as the primary carriers of pollen.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">35. Pollination by bats is called<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Entomophily<br>B) Ornithophily<br>C) Chiropterophily<br>D) Zoophily<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Chiropterophily (derived from Chiroptera, the biological order of bats) is a specialized form of pollination where bats act as the primary pollinators.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">36. Pollination by snails is termed<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Hydrophily<br>B) Malacophily<br>C) Chiropterophily<br>D) Ornithophily<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Malacophily (derived from the Greek malakos, meaning soft, referring to the soft-bodied mollusks) is the pollination of plants by snails and slugs.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">37. Which plant shows water pollination?<br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Vallisneria<br>B) Wheat<br>C) Maize<br>D) Mango<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Vallisneria (commonly known as eelgrass) is a classic example of an aquatic plant that uses water as a vector for pollination, a process known as hydrophily.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">38. Cleistogamous flowers ensure<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Cross-pollination<br>B) Self-pollination<br>C) Pollination by water<br>D) Pollination by birds<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  cleistogamous flowers ensure a type of self-pollination called autogamy.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">39. Example of cleistogamous flower<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Oxalis<br>B) Vallisneria<br>C) Maize<br>D) Wheat<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  These are the flowers that never open. They are usually found lower on the plant or even underground. Plants like Oxalis, Viola (common pansy), and Commelina are unique because they produce two different types of flowers on the same plant. \n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">40. Which adaptation favors anemophily?<br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Large, colored petals<br>B) Fragrance and nectar<br>C) Light, dry pollen grains<br>D) Sticky pollen<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Anemophily (wind pollination) is a passive process that relies on air currents to move pollen from one plant to another.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">41. Hydrophilous plants often produce pollen grains that are<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Light and dry<br>B) Heavy and sticky<br>C) Thread-like and mucilaginous<br>D) With air bladders<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Hydrophilous plants (water-pollinated) have developed unique structural and chemical adaptations to ensure their pollen can travel effectively through or on top of water without being damaged.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">42. Entomophilous flowers are generally<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Small and inconspicuous<br>B) Fragrant, colorful, nectar-producing<br>C) Floating in water<br>D) Light and dry<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Entomophilous flowers (insect-pollinated) are specifically adapted to attract living vectors like bees, butterflies, and moths.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">43. Pollination by animals is generally termed<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Zoophily<br>B) Hydrophily<br>C) Anemophily<br>D) Autogamy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Zoophily (from the Greek zoion, meaning animal) is a broad term that encompasses all forms of pollination where the pollen is transferred by animals. This includes vertebrates like birds and bats, as well as invertebrates like insects and snails.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">44. Pollination in maize is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Hydrophily<br>B) Anemophily<br>C) Entomophily<br>D) Autogamy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Maize (Zea mays) is one of the best-known examples of wind pollination.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">45. Advantage of cross-pollination<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) No variation<br>B) Promotes genetic variation and adaptability<br>C) Leads to homozygosity<br>D) Ensures pure line<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Cross-pollination (xenogamy) is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one plant to the stigma of a different plant of the same species. This process is fundamentally important for the survival and evolution of plant species.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">46. A device that prevents autogamy but allows geitonogamy is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Cleistogamy<br>B) Dioecy<br>C) Dichogamy<br>D) Herkogamy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Male and female organs mature at different times.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">47. Unisexuality in plants promotes<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Autogamy<br>B) Cross-pollination<br>C) Apomixis<br>D) Cleistogamy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Unisexuality (also known as dicliny) is a condition where a flower possesses either stamens (male) or carpels (female), but not both.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">48. Herkogamy is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Temporal separation of sex organs<br>B) Physical barrier between sex organs<br>C) Apomictic reproduction<br>D) Self-pollination<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Herkogamy (from the Greek herkos, meaning &#8220;barrier&#8221;) is a structural adaptation in bisexual (hermaphroditic) flowers where the anther and stigma are physically separated.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">49. Dichogamy prevents<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Cross-pollination<br>B) Autogamy<br>C) Geitonogamy<br>D) Xenogamy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Dichogamy (from the Greek dikho, meaning &#8220;apart&#8221; and gamous, meaning &#8220;marriage&#8221;) is a reproductive strategy in plants where the male and female reproductive organs of a bisexual flower mature at different times. This temporal separation is an &#8220;outbreeding device&#8221; specifically designed to prevent autogamy (self-pollination within the same flower).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">50. Double fertilization was discovered by<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Strasburger<br>B) Nawaschin<br>C) Guignard<br>D) Both b and c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: D  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Nawaschin and Guignard independently discovered double fertilization in 1898.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">51. The entry of pollen tube into ovule is called<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Fertilization<br>B) Syngamy<br>C) Porogamy<br>D) Pollination<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  When pollen tube enters through micropyle, it is porogamy.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">52. Entry of pollen tube through integument is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Porogamy<br>B) Chalazogamy<br>C) Mesogamy<br>D) Endogamy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Mesogamy is the process where the pollen tube enters the ovule through the integuments (the protective layers of the ovule) or the funiculus (the stalk of the ovule).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">53. Entry of pollen tube through chalaza is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Porogamy<br>B) Mesogamy<br>C) Chalazogamy<br>D) Syngamy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Chalazogamy is a specialized mode of fertilization where the pollen tube enters the ovule through the chalaza (the basal part of the ovule located opposite the micropyle). This process was first discovered by the botanist Melchior Treub in 1891.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">54. The fusion of male gamete with egg cell is called<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Triple fusion<br>B) Syngamy<br>C) Fertilization<br>D) Double fertilization<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  the term syngamy refers precisely to the fusion of one haploid male gamete with a haploid egg cell to form a diploid zygote.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">55. The fusion of male gamete with two polar nuclei is called<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Syngamy<br>B) Triple fusion<br>C) Autogamy<br>D) Zygote formation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Triple Fusion is a unique process that occurs within the embryo sac. It involves the fusion of three haploid nuclei,which is why it is called &#8220;triple&#8221; fusion.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">56. Double fertilization in angiosperms means<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Fusion of two pollen grains<br>B) Fusion of two eggs<br>C) Syngamy + Triple fusion<br>D) Two syngamies<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Double fertilization is a unique and characteristic feature of angiosperms (flowering plants). It involves two distinct fusion events occurring simultaneously within the embryo sac after the pollen tube releases its two male gametes.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">57. Endosperm nucleus is formed by<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Syngamy<br>B) Triple fusion<br>C) Autogamy<br>D) Pollination<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Fusion of male gamete with two polar nuclei forms triploid endosperm nucleus.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">58. After fertilization, ovary develops into<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Seed<br>B) Fruit<br>C) Embryo<br>D) Endosperm<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In flowering plants, the process of fertilization triggers a series of transformations within the flower. The ovary undergoes significant changes to become the structure that protects and aids in the dispersal of the seeds.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">59. After fertilization, ovule develops into<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Fruit<br>B) Seed<br>C) Pericarp<br>D) Embryo sac<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  the ovule undergoes several developmental changes to become a seed. During this transformation, the integuments (protective layers) of the ovule harden to form the seed coat, and the zygote inside the ovule develops into the embryo.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">60. The zygote develops into<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Seed coat<br>B) Endosperm<br>C) Embryo<br>D) Pericarp<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The zygote is the first diploid ($2n$) cell formed by the fusion of a male gamete and an egg cell (syngamy). \n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">61. Endosperm provides<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Water<br>B) Nutrition to developing embryo<br>C) Oxygen<br>D) Protection<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The endosperm is a specialized tissue formed during double fertilization in angiosperms.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">62. Endosperm in angiosperms is usually<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Haploid<br>B) Diploid<br>C) Triploid<br>D) Tetraploid<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In angiosperms, the endosperm is triploid ($3n$) because it is the product of triple fusion. \n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">63. Zygote is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Haploid<br>B) Diploid<br>C) Triploid<br>D) Polyploid<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  A zygote is a single cell formed by the fusion of two haploid gametes\u2014one male gamete ($n$) and one female gamete ($n$). Because it contains two complete sets of chromosomes (one from each parent), it is technically described as diploid ($2n$).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">64. Endosperm development begins<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Before fertilization<br>B) Simultaneously with fertilization<br>C) After fertilization<br>D) Before pollination<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  the development of the endosperm is triggered by double fertilization, specifically the event known as triple fusion.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">65. Which type of endosperm is most common?<br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Nuclear type<br>B) Cellular type<br>C) Helobial type<br>D) Free-nuclear + cellular<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Nuclear endosperm (also known as free-nuclear endosperm) is the most common type of endosperm development, found in approximately 56% of angiosperm families.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">66. Cellular type of endosperm is found in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br>A) Coconut<br>B) Datura<br>C) Petunia<br>D) Balsam<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: D  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In the cellular type of endosperm, every nuclear division (karyokinesis) of the Primary Endosperm Nucleus (PEN) is immediately followed by the formation of a cell wall (cytokinesis).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">67. Free-nuclear type of endosperm is found in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Balsam<br>B) Coconut (water &amp; jelly)<br>C) Petunia<br>D) Maize<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The free-nuclear type of endosperm is the most common form of endosperm development in angiosperms. It occurs when the Primary Endosperm Nucleus (PEN) undergoes repeated mitotic divisions without immediate cell wall formation (cytokinesis).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">68. Helobial type of endosperm is found in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Monocots (e.g., Asphodelus)<br>B) Dicots<br>C) Gymnosperms<br>D) Bryophytes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Helobial endosperm is a unique, intermediate type of endosperm development that is predominantly found in the monocotyledons, particularly in the order Helobiales (from which it gets its name).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">69. The outer covering of seed is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Endosperm<br>B) Pericarp<br>C) Seed coat<br>D) Integuments<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The seed coat is the protective outer layer of a seed. It is formed from the integuments of the ovule after fertilization has taken place.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">70. In dicot seeds, food is stored in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Endosperm<br>B) Cotyledons<br>C) Radicle<br>D) Plumule<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In most dicot seeds (like peas, beans, and grams), the endosperm is completely consumed by the developing embryo before the seed matures.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">71. In monocot seeds, food is stored in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Cotyledon<br>B) Endosperm<br>C) Plumule<br>D) Radicle<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In monocot seeds (like maize, wheat, rice, and barley), the embryo does not consume the endosperm during its development.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">72. Perisperm is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Persistent nucellus in seed<br>B) Persistent endosperm<br>C) Persistent integument<br>D) Persistent funicle<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In most seeds, the nucellus (the central cellular mass of the ovule) is completely consumed by the developing embryo and endosperm.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">73. Example of perispermic seed is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Maize<br>B) Black pepper<br>C) Castor<br>D) Pea<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  A perispermic seed is one in which the nucellus persists in the mature seed as a nutritive tissue called the perisperm.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">74. Pericarp develops from<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Ovule wall<br>B) Ovary wall<br>C) Seed coat<br>D) Endosperm<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In the biological process of fruit formation, the ovary of the flower matures into the fruit, and the wall of that ovary transforms into the pericarp (the fruit wall).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">75. Double fertilization is unique to<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Gymnosperms<br>B) Angiosperms<br>C) Pteridophytes<br>D) Bryophytes<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Double fertilization is a defining and unique characteristic of flowering plants (angiosperms).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">76. Seed formation occurs after<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Pollination<br>B) Fertilization<br>C) Germination<br>D) Endosperm formation<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Fertilization ensures zygote formation which develops into embryo and seed.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">77. Dicotyledonous seed usually contains<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) One cotyledon<br>B) Two cotyledons<br>C) Three cotyledons<br>D) Many cotyledons<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  A dicotyledonous (or dicot) seed is named for its most prominent feature: the presence of two embryonic leaves or cotyledons.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">78. Monocot seed usually contains<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) No cotyledon<br>B) One cotyledon<br>C) Two cotyledons<br>D) Many cotyledons<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The term monocot is short for monocotyledon, where &#8220;mono&#8221; means one. In these plants, the seed contains a single embryonic leaf (cotyledon).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">79. Scutellum in maize is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Cotyledon<br>B) Plumule<br>C) Radicle<br>D) Seed coat<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In a maize grain (which is a monocot), the scutellum is the technical name for the single, large, shield-shaped cotyledon.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">80. Aleurone layer in maize seed is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Part of embryo<br>B) Part of endosperm<br>C) Seed coat<br>D) Nucellus<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  It is protein-rich peripheral endosperm.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">81. Function of coleoptile in monocot seed<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Protect radicle<br>B) Protect plumule<br>C) Store food<br>D) Absorb water<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In monocot seeds, particularly in the grass family (like maize, wheat, and rice), the coleoptile is a specialized, protective sheath that encloses the plumule (the embryonic shoot).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">82. Function of coleorhiza in monocot seed<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Protect plumule<br>B) Protect radicle<br>C) Store food<br>D) Photosynthesis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In monocot seeds, particularly those of the grass family (such as maize, wheat, and rice), the coleorhiza is a protective, undifferentiated sheath that encloses the radicle (the embryonic root) and the root cap.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">83. Non-endospermic seeds are found in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Maiz<br>B) Castor<br>C) Pea<br>D) Wheat<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Endosperm is consumed during seed development in pea.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">84. Endospermic seeds are found in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Maize<br>B) Wheat<br>C) Castor<br>D) All of these<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: D  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Endospermic seeds (also known as albuminous seeds) are those in which the endosperm is not completely consumed during embryo development and remains as a significant food-storage tissue in the mature seed.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">85. The part of embryo that develops into root is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Plumule<br>B) Cotyledon<br>C) Radicle<br>D) Scutellum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The radicle is the embryonic root of the plant. During seed germination, it is typically the first part of the embryo to emerge from the seed coat. It grows downward into the soil, anchoring the plant and beginning the process of water and mineral absorption.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">86. The part of embryo that develops into shoot is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Plumule<br>B) Cotyledon<br>C) Radicle<br>D) Endosperm<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The plumule is the part of the plant embryo that develops into the shoot system (the stem, leaves, and eventually flowers). It is often referred to as the &#8220;embryonic shoot.&#8221;\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">87. Seed coat is derived from<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Nucellus<br>B) Integuments<br>C) Endosperm<br>D) Embryo sac<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In the process of seed development, the seed coat (also known as the testa) is formed from the protective outer layers of the ovule, known as the integuments.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">88. Perisperm in seed is derived from<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Nucellus<br>B) Endosperm<br>C) Embryo<br>D) Integuments<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The perisperm is the residual, persistent part of the nucellus that remains in some seeds after fertilization.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">89. True fruits develop from<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Ovary only<br>B) Ovary and thalamus<br>C) Ovary and sepals<br>D) Ovary and petals<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  A true fruit (also called a eucarp) is one that develops exclusively from the mature, ripened ovary of a single flower after fertilization.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">90. False fruits develop from<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Ovary only<br>B) Ovary plus other floral parts<br>C) Only thalamus<br>D) Only sepals<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>   Example: Apple (thalamus contributes).\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">91. A fruit that develops without fertilization is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) True fruit<br>B) False fruit<br>C) Parthenocarpic fruit<br>D) Dry fruit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Parthenocarpy is the process where a fruit develops from the ovary without fertilization occurring. Because fertilization does not take place, these fruits are typically seedless.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">92. Example of parthenocarpic fruit<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">____________.<\/mark><\/strong><\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Mango<br>B) Banana<br>C) Apple<br>D) Wheat<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  The banana is one of the most well-known examples of a naturally parthenocarpic fruit. In cultivated bananas, the fruit develops from the ovary without the process of fertilization, which is why the bananas we eat are seedless.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">93. Aggregate fruit develops from<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Multiple ovaries of one flower<br>B) One ovary<br>C) Many flowers of an inflorescence<br>D) Ovule<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: A  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Example: Strawberry.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">94. Composite (multiple) fruit develops from<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) One ovary<br>B) Many ovaries of one flower<br>C) Many flowers of an inflorescence<br>D) Micropyle<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Example: Pineapple.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">95. Which plant shows apomixis (seed formation without fertilization)?<br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Potato<br>B) Mango<br>C) Some grasses<br>D) Maize only<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: C  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Apomixis is a form of asexual reproduction that mimics sexual reproduction by producing seeds without fertilization.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">96. Polyembryony means<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) One embryo per seed<br>B) Many embryos in one seed<br>C) Many seeds per fruit<br>D) Many pollen grains per anther<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Example: Citrus, onion.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">97. Apomixis is useful in<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Reducing seed dormancy<br>B) Fixing hybrid characters<br>C) Producing variation<br>D) Preventing fertilization<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Apomixis is of immense importance in agriculture, particularly in the production of hybrid seeds.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">98. Double fertilization is significant because it<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Produces two zygotes<br>B) Produces embryo and endosperm<br>C) Ensures cross-pollination<br>D) Causes polyembryony<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  Double fertilization is a complex and unique process in angiosperms that ensures the simultaneous development of the offspring and its food source.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">99. First cell of sporophytic generation is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Gamete<br>B) Zygote<br>C) Embryo<br>D) Spore<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B  <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>   the gametophyte (haploid, $n$) and the sporophyte (diploid, $2n$). The zygote marks the exact point where the generation switches from haploid to diploid.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\">100. First cell of gametophytic generation is<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color\"> ____________.<\/mark><\/strong><br><\/mark><\/strong>A) Gamete<br>B) Spore<br>C) Embryo sac<br>D) Endosperm<\/p>\n\n\n\n<button class=\"acc\">Show Answer<\/button>\n<div class=\"pnl\">\n  <p style=\"font-size: 22px;\"><b> Answer: B <\/b><BR>\n<b>Explanation:<\/b>  In the plant life cycle, the transition from the diploid phase to the haploid phase occurs during meiosis. This process results in the formation of spores, which serve as the very first cells of the gametophytic generation.\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. The reproductive unit of angiosperms is ____________.A) LeafB) StemC) FlowerD) Fruit Show Answer Answer: C Explanation: Flower is the reproductive organ in angiosperms. 2. Male reproductive organ of flower is ____________.A) CarpelB) AndroeciumC) GynoeciumD) Ovule Show Answer Answer: B Explanation: Androecium consists of stamens producing pollen. 3. Female reproductive organ of flower is ____________.A)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[16267,16151,16133,16155,16154,16158,16139,16271,16447,16135,16457,16448,16454,16421,16266,16459,16446,4029,16156,5649,5623,16452,16453,16268,16450,16455,16134,16449,16458,11002,16444,16451,16132,16445,16140,16456],"class_list":{"0":"post-12967","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-biology","7":"tag-angiosperms","8":"tag-biology-learning","9":"tag-biology-mcqs","10":"tag-biology-preparation-material","11":"tag-biology-questions-and-answers","12":"tag-biology-revision","13":"tag-biology-study-material","14":"tag-botany-quiz","15":"tag-carpels","16":"tag-competitive-exam-biology","17":"tag-embryo-development","18":"tag-female-reproductive-organs","19":"tag-fertilization","20":"tag-flower-structure","21":"tag-flowering-plants","22":"tag-fruit-development","23":"tag-male-reproductive-organs","24":"tag-mcqs-adda","25":"tag-mcqs-for-biology-exam","26":"tag-mcqs-for-pc-psi-sda-fda-pdo-vao-banking-kas-ias-ssc-gd-ssc-chsl-ssc-cgl-for-all-compitative-exams","27":"tag-mcqs-for-sda-fda-pdo-vao-banking-kas-ias-ssc-gd-ssc-chsl-ssc-cgl-for-all-compitative-exams","28":"tag-ovule","29":"tag-plant-genetics","30":"tag-plant-reproduction","31":"tag-pollen-tube","32":"tag-pollination","33":"tag-psc-biology-mcqs","34":"tag-reproductive-processes","35":"tag-seed-formation","36":"tag-sexual-reproduction-in-flowering-plant-top-100-mcqs-with-answer-and-explanation","37":"tag-sexual-reproduction-in-plants","38":"tag-sexual-vs-asexual-reproduction","39":"tag-ssc-biology-mcqs","40":"tag-stamens","41":"tag-upsc-biology-mcqs","42":"tag-zygote-formation"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12967","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12967"}],"version-history":[{"count":111,"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12967\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38525,"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12967\/revisions\/38525"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12967"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12967"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12967"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}