{"id":13416,"date":"2025-09-30T12:40:01","date_gmt":"2025-09-30T11:40:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/?p=13416"},"modified":"2025-10-24T06:00:28","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T05:00:28","slug":"indian-economy-central-problem-and-planning-top-100-mcqs-with-answer-and-explanation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/2025\/09\/30\/indian-economy-central-problem-and-planning-top-100-mcqs-with-answer-and-explanation\/","title":{"rendered":"Indian Economy : Central Problem and Planning\u00a0Top 100 MCQs With Answer and Explanation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1. The central problems of an economy are mainly related to:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Production, Distribution, Employment
B) What to produce, How to produce, For whom to produce
C) Consumption, Saving, Investment
D) Inflation, Deflation, Stagflation
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation<\/strong>: Every economy faces scarcity, leading to three basic problems: What, How, and For whom to produce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. The problem of “for whom to produce” is related to:<\/strong><\/mark>
A) Resource allocation
B) Distribution of goods and services
C) Techniques of production
D) Public sector enterprises
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> It determines how output is distributed among different sections of society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. “How to produce” problem refers to:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Choosing which goods to produce
B) Selecting the technology of production
C) Deciding the scale of production
D) Fixing the market price
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> This relates to choice between labor-intensive and capital-intensive techniques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. The scarcity of resources arises because:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Resources are unlimited
B) Human wants are limited
C) Resources are limited, wants are unlimited
D) Government controls all resources
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Scarcity is due to limited resources but unlimited wants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Opportunity cost means:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Cost of production
B) Cost of alternative foregone
C) Marginal cost
D) Average cost
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>It is the value of the next best alternative forgone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. The central problem of an economy is:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Price rise
B) Scarcity
C) Planning
D) Black money
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Scarcity forces every economy to make choices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. In a capitalist economy, decisions are taken by:<\/strong><\/mark>
A) Government
B) Market forces (demand and supply)
C) Planning commission
D) Judiciary
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Price mechanism plays the central role.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. In a socialist economy, decisions are made by:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Consumers
B) Producers
C) Central Planning Authority
D) Market forces
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>In socialism, central planning directs allocation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. Mixed economy is a combination of:<\/strong><\/mark>
A) Capitalism + Feudalism
B) Socialism + Communism
C) Capitalism + Socialism
D) Public sector + Primary sector
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>India follows a mixed economy with both market and government roles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10. India adopted a mixed economy model in:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) 1947
B) 1950
C) 1951
D) 1991
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>The First Five-Year Plan (1951) adopted the mixed economy framework.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

11. The economic problem is universal because:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Unlimited wants exist everywhere
B) Limited resources are everywhere
C) Both A and B
D) None
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

12. Who is regarded as the Father of Economics?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Karl Marx
B) Adam Smith
C) Alfred Marshall
D) Keynes
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Adam Smith, author of Wealth of Nations, is called father of economics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

13. The concept of “Invisible Hand” is given by:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) J.M. Keynes
B) Adam Smith
C) Ricardo
D) Karl Marx
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

14. The concept of opportunity cost was first introduced by:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Robbins
B) Marshall
C) Adam Smith
D) Haberler
Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

15. Microeconomics deals with:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Whole economy
B) National income and employment
C) Individual units like households & firms
D) Inflation and Deflation
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

16. Macroeconomics deals with:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Small units
B) Individual demand
C) Aggregate economy variables
D) Cost of production
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

17. Positive economics deals with:<\/strong><\/mark>
A) What is
B) What ought to be
C) Value judgments
D) None
Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

18. Normative economics deals with:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) What is
B) What ought to be
C) Statistical facts
D) Equilibrium
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

19. In India, economic planning was formally launched in:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) 1947
B) 1950
C) 1951
D) 1960
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

20. The first country to adopt central planning was:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) India
B) USSR
C) USA
D) China
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

21. Which type of economy exists in India?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Socialist
B) Capitalist
C) Mixed
D) Command
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

22. Which of the following is NOT a central problem?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) What to produce
B) How to produce
C) How to minimize wants
D) For whom to produce
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

23. \u2018Tragedy of Commons\u2019 is related to:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Overuse of public resources
B) Capitalist profit
C) Socialist planning
D) Inflation
Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

24.The concept of “Scarcity” in economics was emphasized by:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Robbins
B) Keynes
C) Adam Smith
D) Ricardo
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Lionel Robbins defined economics as the science of scarcity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

25. Which system emphasizes maximum welfare of maximum people?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Socialism
B) Capitalism
C) Communism
D) Mixed
Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

26. The First Five-Year Plan in India was launched in:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 1947
B) 1950
C) 1951
D) 1956
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> The first plan started in April 1951, focusing on agriculture and irrigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

27. The First Five-Year Plan was based on:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Harrod\u2013Domar model
B) Mahalanobis model
C) Solow model
D) Keynesian model
Answer: A
Explanation:<\/strong> It used Harrod\u2013Domar model focusing on capital accumulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

28. Who is regarded as the architect of Indian Planning?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Jawaharlal Nehru
B) Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis
C) B.R. Ambedkar
D) D.R. Gadgil
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Mahalanobis prepared the framework of the Second Plan and beyond.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

29. The period of the First Five-Year Plan was:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) 1947\u201352
B) 1950\u201355
C) 1951\u201356
D) 1952\u201357
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

30. The main focus of the First Five-Year Plan was:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Industry
B) Services
C) Agriculture & irrigation
D) Infrastructure
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

31. The growth rate achieved in the First Plan (1951\u201356) was:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) 3.6%
B) 4.5%
C) 5.5%
D) 2.1%
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: Target was 2.1%, actual growth 3.6%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

32. The Second Five-Year Plan period was:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) 1951\u201356
B) 1956\u201361
C) 1961\u201366
D) 1969\u201374
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

33. The Second Plan focused on:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Heavy industries
B) Green Revolution
C) Services sector
D) Privatization
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: It was Mahalanobis model emphasizing industrialization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

34 .The growth target of the Second Plan was 4.5%. The actual achievement was:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) 3.8%
B) 4.0%
C) 4.2%
D) 4.5%
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

35. The slogan \u201cSocialistic pattern of society\u201d was adopted during:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) First Plan
B) Second Plan
C) Third Plan
D) Fourth Plan
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

36. The Third Five-Year Plan period was:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) 1961\u201366
B) 1966\u201371
C) 1956\u201361
D) 1969\u201374
Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

37. The main aim of the Third Plan was:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Agriculture
B) Self-reliance and heavy industry
C) Green Revolution
D) Transport sector
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

38. Which war disrupted the Third Five-Year Plan?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) 1947 war
B) 1962 war with China
C) 1965 war with Pakistan
D) Both B and C
Answer: D<\/strong>
Explanation: Both wars badly impacted economy during the Third Plan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

39. Due to failure of the Third Plan, India adopted:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Rolling plans
B) Annual plans (1966\u201369)
C) Zero-based planning
D) Perspective planning
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

40. The growth target of the Third Plan was 5.6%, but the actual achievement was:<\/strong><\/mark>
A) 2.4%
B) 3.2%
C) 4.1%
D) 1.5%
Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

41. The Fourth Plan period was:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) 1966\u201371
B) 1969\u201374
C) 1971\u201376
D) 1972\u201377
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

42. The main focus of the Fourth Plan was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Green Revolution and self-reliance
B) Liberalization
C) Export promotion
D) Heavy industries
Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

43. The slogan \u201cGaribi Hatao\u201d (Remove Poverty) was launched during:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Second Plan
B) Third Plan
C) Fourth Plan
D) Fifth Plan
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Indira Gandhi gave this slogan during the Fourth Plan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

44. The growth target of the Fourth Plan was 5.7%, but actual growth was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 3.2%
B) 4.1%
C) 4.4%
D) 3.8%
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

45. The Fifth Five-Year Plan period was:
<\/strong><\/mark>A) 1971\u201376
B) 1972\u201377
C) 1974\u201379
D) 1975\u201380
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Officially 1974\u201379, but later changed to 1972\u201377 under rolling plan adjustments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

46. The main focus of the Fifth Plan was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Growth with stability and self-reliance
B) Agriculture only
C) Export-oriented growth
D) Services sector
Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

47. Who introduced the Rolling Plan in 1978\u201379?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Indira Gandhi
B) Morarji Desai
C) Rajiv Gandhi
D) Manmohan Singh
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

48. The growth target of the Fifth Plan was 4.4%. Actual achievement was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 3.8%
B) 4.1%
C) 5.0%
D) 4.8%
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

49. The Fifth Plan gave importance to:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Minimum Needs Programme
B) Green Revolution
C) IT sector
D) Globalization
Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

50. The Planning Commission prepared Five-Year Plans until it was replaced by:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Finance Commission
B) RBI
C) NITI Aayog
D) Central Statistics Office
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> In 2015, NITI Aayog replaced the Planning Commission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

51. The Sixth Five-Year Plan period was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 1974\u201379
B) 1978\u201383
C) 1980\u201385
D) 1985\u201390
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Sixth Plan (1980\u201385) focused on poverty reduction and modernization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

52. The main objective of the Sixth Plan was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Growth with stability
B) Poverty eradication and technology modernization
C) Green Revolution
D) Employment generation only
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

53. The growth target of the Sixth Plan was 5.2%. The actual achievement was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 4.5%
B) 5.2%
C) 5.7%
D) 6.0%
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

54. The Seventh Five-Year Plan period was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 1980\u201385
B) 1985\u201390
C) 1986\u201391
D) 1991\u201396
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

55. The main objective of the Seventh Plan was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) \u201cFood, Work & Productivity\u201d
B) Infrastructure development
C) Rural employment
D) Liberalization
Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

56. The growth target of the Seventh Plan was 5.0%. Actual achievement was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 4.8%
B) 5.5%
C) 5.8%
D) 6.0%
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

57. Which event led to two Annual Plans (1990\u201392) instead of the Eighth Plan starting in 1990?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) China war
B) Gulf War and economic crisis
C) Political instability
D) Both B and C
Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

58. The Eighth Five-Year Plan period was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 1985\u201390
B) 1990\u201395
C) 1992\u201397
D) 1991\u201396
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

59. The Eighth Plan marked the beginning of:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Industrial revolution
B) Green Revolution
C) Liberalization, Privatization, Globalization (LPG)
D) Rolling plans
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

60. The growth target of the Eighth Plan was 5.6%. Actual achievement was:
<\/strong><\/mark>A) 5.4%
B) 6.7%
C) 6.0%
D) 6.8%
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

61. The Ninth Five-Year Plan period was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 1992\u201397
B) 1997\u20132002
C) 2000\u201305
D) 1991\u201396
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

62. The main objective of the Ninth Plan was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Inclusive growth
B) \u201cGrowth with social justice and equality\u201d
C) Liberalization
D) Poverty removal only
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

63. The growth target of the Ninth Plan was 6.5%. Actual achievement was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 5.4%
B) 5.8%
C) 6.1%
D) 4.8%
Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

64. The Tenth Five-Year Plan period was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 1997\u20132002
B) 2002\u201307
C) 2005\u201310
D) 2001\u201306
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

65. The slogan of the Tenth Plan was:
<\/strong><\/mark>A) \u201cGaribi Hatao\u201d
B) \u201cMore inclusive growth\u201d
C) \u201cFaster, more broad-based growth\u201d
D) \u201cGrowth with justice\u201d
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

66. The growth target of the Tenth Plan was 8.0%. Actual achievement was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 6.9%
B) 7.6%
C) 7.2%
D) 7.8%
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

67. The Eleventh Five-Year Plan period was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 2002\u201307
B) 2007\u201312
C) 2006\u201311
D) 2008\u201313
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

68. The main objective of the Eleventh Plan was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Growth with stability
B) More inclusive growth
C) Globalization
D) Privatization
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

69. The growth target of the Eleventh Plan was 9.0%. Actual achievement was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 7.5%
B) 8.0%
C) 8.3%
D) 7.9%
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

70. The Twelfth Five-Year Plan period was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 2010\u201315
B) 2012\u201317
C) 2011\u201316
D) 2013\u201318
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

71. The main theme of the Twelfth Plan was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Poverty removal
B) \u201cFaster, Sustainable and More Inclusive Growth\u201d
C) Self-reliance
D) Green Revolution
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

72. The growth target of the Twelfth Plan was:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 7%
B) 8%
C) 9%
D) 10%
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

73. The actual growth achieved during the Twelfth Plan was around:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 6.0%
B) 6.8%
C) 7.2%
D) 5.8%
Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

74. The Twelfth Plan was the last official Five-Year Plan of India because:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Planning Commission was dissolved in 2015
B) NITI Aayog was formed in 2015
C) India shifted to three-year action plans
D) All of the above
Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

75. Which plan is often called the \u201cPeople\u2019s Plan\u201d for its emphasis on inclusive growth and welfare?<\/strong><\/mark>
A) Second Plan
B) Fifth Plan
C) Eleventh Plan
D) Twelfth Plan
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Eleventh Plan (2007\u201312) is remembered for “inclusive growth.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n

76. NITI Aayog was established in:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) 2013
B) 2014
C) 2015
D) 2016
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>NITI Aayog replaced Planning Commission on 1 January 2015<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

77. The full form of NITI Aayog is:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) National Institute for Transforming India
B) National Institution for Transforming India
C) National Information & Technology Institute
D) National Innovation for Technological India
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

78. Who is the Chairperson of NITI Aayog?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Finance Minister
B) Prime Minister
C) President
D) Vice-President
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

79. The Vice-Chairperson of NITI Aayog is appointed by:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Prime Minister
B) President
C) Cabinet Committee
D) Finance Commission
Answer: A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

80. Who was the first Vice-Chairperson of NITI Aayog?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Rajiv Kumar
B) Bibek Debroy
C) Arvind Panagariya
D) Amitabh Kant
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

81. The CEO of NITI Aayog is appointed by:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) President
B) Prime Minister
C) Government of India
D) Finance Minister
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

82. The NITI Aayog replaced:<\/mark>
<\/strong>A) Finance Commission
B) Planning Commission
C) Economic Advisory Council
D) National Development Council
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

83. The main difference between NITI Aayog and Planning Commission is:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) NITI is bottom-up, Planning Commission was top-down
B) NITI deals with states\u2019 cooperation
C) NITI acts as a policy think tank
D) All of the above
Answer: D<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

84. NITI Aayog promotes the principle of:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Centralized planning
B) Cooperative federalism
C) Nationalization
D) Command economy
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

85. The Governing Council of NITI Aayog consists of:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Prime Minister + Cabinet Ministers
B) Prime Minister + Chief Ministers + Lt. Governors
C) President + Governors
D) Finance Minister + RBI Governor
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

86. NITI Aayog publishes:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Human Development Report
B) India Innovation Index
C) Global Competitiveness Report
D) World Economic Outlook
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

87. The \u201cThree-Year Action Agenda\u201d of NITI Aayog covered the period:
<\/strong><\/mark>A) 2015\u201318
B) 2016\u201319
C) 2017\u201320
D) 2018\u201321
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

88. The \u201cStrategy for New India @75\u201d was prepared by:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Finance Commission
B) NITI Aayog
C) RBI
D) Economic Advisory Council
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Launched in 2018 for achieving targets by 2022\u201323.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

89. The Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) is implemented by:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Planning Commission
B) RBI
C) NITI Aayog
D) SEBI
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

90. Aspirational Districts Programme is coordinated by:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Ministry of Home Affairs
B) Ministry of Rural Development
C) NITI Aayog
D) State Governments
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

91. Which index is published by NITI Aayog to track progress towards SDGs?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Global Competitiveness Index
B) SDG India Index
C) Human Development Index
D) Ease of Doing Business Index
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

92. The chairperson of the Governing Council of NITI Aayog is:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Vice-President
B) Prime Minister
C) Finance Minister
D) Home Minister
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

93. The National Development Council (NDC) was abolished along with:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) RBI reforms
B) Planning Commission
C) NITI Aayog creation
D) GST Council formation
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

94. Which program is NOT under NITI Aayog?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Digital India
B) Atal Tinkering Labs
C) Aspirational Districts Programme
D) SDG India Index
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Digital India is under the Ministry of Electronics & IT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

95. NITI Aayog prepares:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Five-Year Plans
B) Budget
C) Vision documents and strategies
D) Monetary policy
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

96. Which concept is associated with NITI Aayog\u2019s planning framework?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Zero-based planning
B) Perspective planning
C) Cooperative and competitive federalism
D) Rolling plans
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

97. The 15-year Vision Document (till 2030) was prepared by:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Finance Commission
B) Planning Commission
C) NITI Aayog
D) Reserve Bank of India
Answer: C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

98. In 2020, NITI Aayog launched the National Data & Analytics Platform (NDAP) to:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Strengthen tax collection
B) Provide open access to government data
C) Manage defense procurement
D) Support agriculture only
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

99. In 2021, NITI Aayog released the Export Preparedness Index<\/mark><\/strong> to:
A) Promote rural exports only
B) Assess readiness of states for export promotion
C) Rank industries
D) Support IT exports
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

100. The role of NITI Aayog in India\u2019s economic planning is best described as:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Fund allocation authority
B) Policy think tank and strategy advisor
C) Centralized planner
D) Command economy regulator
Answer: B<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    1. The central problems of an economy are mainly related to:A) Production, Distribution, EmploymentB) What to produce, How to produce, For whom to produceC) Consumption, Saving, InvestmentD) Inflation, Deflation, StagflationAnswer: BExplanation: Every economy faces scarcity, leading to three basic problems: What, How, and For whom to produce. 2. The problem of “for whom to 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