{"id":13549,"date":"2025-10-03T06:46:59","date_gmt":"2025-10-03T05:46:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/?p=13549"},"modified":"2025-10-22T08:11:35","modified_gmt":"2025-10-22T07:11:35","slug":"soil-top-100-mcqs-with-answer-and-explanation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/2025\/10\/03\/soil-top-100-mcqs-with-answer-and-explanation\/","title":{"rendered":"Soil Top 100 MCQs With Answer and Explanation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1. Soil is formed by the process of:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Lithification
B) Weathering of rocks
C) Sedimentation
D) Crystallization
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Soil is formed by weathering of rocks and decomposition of organic matter.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. The study of soils is called:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Pedology
B) Lithology
C) Geology
D) Petrology
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Pedology<\/strong> is the branch of science dealing with soils.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. The vertical section of soil showing horizons is called:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Soil profile
B) Soil horizon
C) Soil type
D) Soil cover
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>A soil profile<\/strong> is the vertical arrangement of soil horizons (O, A, B, C, R).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. The top fertile horizon of soil is:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Horizon C
B) Horizon A
C) Horizon B
D) Horizon R
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/em> A-Horizon (Topsoil)<\/strong> is rich in humus and organic matter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. The process of soil formation is known as:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Pedogenesis
B) Denudation
C) Diagenesis
D) Lithification
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Pedogenesis<\/strong> is the process of soil formation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. The classification of Indian soils was first done by:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) ICAR
B) FAO
C) Wadia Committee
D) V.V. Dokuchaev
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: ICAR (Indian Council of Agricultural Research)<\/strong> classified Indian soils into 8 categories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. Which factor does not influence soil formation?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Climate
B) Relief
C) Parent rock
D) Longitude
Answer: D<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Soil is affected by climate, relief, parent rock, organisms, time<\/strong>, not longitude.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. The soils formed by deposition of rivers are called:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Alluvial soils
B) Black soils
C) Red soils
D) Arid soils
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Alluvial soils<\/strong> are formed by deposition of sediments from rivers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

9. Which soil is also known as “Regur Soil”?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Alluvial
B) Red
C) Black
D) Laterite
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Black soil (Regur)<\/strong> is suitable for cotton cultivation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10. Red soil is red due to the presence of:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Potassium
B) Aluminium
C) Iron oxide
D) Nitrogen
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Iron oxide<\/strong> gives red colour to soils.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

11. Laterite soils are formed under conditions of:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) High rainfall & temperature
B) Dry and cold
C) Semi-arid
D) Desert
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: Laterite soils<\/strong> form in hot, humid climates due to leaching.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

12. The soil most affected by salinity and alkalinity is:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Black soil
B) Alluvial soil
C) Desert soil
D) Marshy soil
Answer: D<\/strong>
Explanation: Marshy\/Saline soils<\/strong> have high salt content.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

13. Which soil is found in Rajasthan and Gujarat deserts?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Black
B) Alluvial
C) Arid\/Desert soil
D) Laterite
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: Arid soils<\/strong> are sandy, alkaline, poor in humus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

14. The most fertile soil of India is:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Black soil
B) Red soil
C) Alluvial soil
D) Laterite soil
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: Alluvial soil<\/strong> is the most fertile and widespread soil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

15. Which soil is poor in nitrogen but rich in iron?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Alluvial
B) Black
C) Red
D) Desert
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: Red soil<\/strong> is poor in nitrogen, phosphorus, humus but rich in iron.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

16. Soil formed in forested areas with high organic matter is called:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Desert soil
B) Forest soil
C) Red soil
D) Black soil
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Forest soils<\/strong> form under humid conditions, rich in humus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

17. Which soil covers the maximum area in India?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Red
B) Alluvial
C) Black
D) Laterite
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Alluvial soil (~40%)<\/strong> is the most widespread in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

18. The soils of Indo-Gangetic plain are:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Residual soils
B) Transported soils
C) Lateritic soils
D) Black soils
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Alluvial soils<\/strong> in Indo-Gangetic plain are transported by rivers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

19. Which type of soil develops in high rainfall areas under good cover of vegetation?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Red soil
B) Black soil
C) Laterite soil
D) Forest soil
Answer: D<\/strong>
Explanation: Forest soils<\/strong> are common in Himalayan and hilly regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

20. Which soil is suitable for tea cultivation in Assam?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Laterite soil
B) Alluvial soil
C) Forest soil
D) Red soil
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: Forest soils in Assam hills<\/strong> are ideal for tea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

21. Which soil is known for water retention capacity?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Red soil
B) Black soil
C) Laterite soil
D) Desert soil
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Black soil (clayey)<\/strong> retains moisture, ideal for cotton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

22. Soil fertility can be restored by:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Crop rotation
B) Manures & fertilizers
C) Irrigation
D) All of the above
Answer: D<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/em> Fertility is improved by manures, crop rotation, irrigation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

23. Which is the youngest soil type in India?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Red soil
B) Black soil
C) Alluvial soil
D) Laterite soil
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Alluvial soil<\/strong> is the youngest, formed by recent deposits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

24. Which soil type has high clay content and forms cracks in dry season?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Black soil
B) Red soil
C) Alluvial soil
D) Desert soil
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: Black soil<\/strong> shrinks and swells with moisture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

25. Leaching process is most prominent in which soil?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Alluvial soil
B) Red soil
C) Laterite soil
D) Black soil
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Laterite soils<\/strong> are formed by leaching under high rainfall<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

26. The alluvial soils of the Indo-Gangetic plain are mainly formed by:
<\/strong><\/mark>A) Weathering of basalt
B) Deposition by rivers
C) Leaching of laterite
D) Wind erosion
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Alluvial soils<\/strong> are depositional soils, formed by rivers like Ganga, Brahmaputra, Indus<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

27. Alluvial soils in India are of two types:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Bangar and Khadar
B) Regur and Red
C) Laterite and Desert
D) Residual and Transported
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Bangar (old alluvium)<\/strong> and Khadar (new alluvium)<\/strong> are the two types of alluvial soils.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

28. Khadar soils are more fertile than Bangar because:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) They are coarser
B) They are regularly renewed by floods
C) They have more humus
D) They are older
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Khadar soils<\/strong> are renewed every year by flood deposits, making them more fertile<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

29. Which state has the largest area under alluvial soils?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Punjab
B) Uttar Pradesh
C) Bihar
D) West Bengal
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Uttar Pradesh<\/strong> has the maximum area under alluvial soils.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

30. Black soils are also known as:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Khadar soils
B) Regur soils
C) Laterite soils
D) Bhangar soils
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Black soils are called Regur<\/strong>, common in Deccan plateau<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

31. Black soils are most suitable for:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Wheat cultivation
B) Rice cultivation
C) Cotton cultivation
D) Jute cultivation
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: Black soils<\/strong> are ideal for cotton cultivation<\/strong> due to moisture retention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

32. Black soils are widely found in:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Rajasthan
B) Indo-Gangetic plain
C) Maharashtra, MP, Gujarat, Telangana
D) Kerala and Karnataka coast
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Black soils are mainly in Deccan Plateau states \u2013 Maharashtra, Gujarat, MP, Telangana<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

33. The cracks formed in black soils during dry season are due to:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) High humus content
B) High clay content
C) Salinity
D) Wind erosion
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Black soils have high clay<\/strong>, swell in wet season, shrink and crack in dry season.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

34. Red soils are widespread in:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Punjab
B) Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, AP, Odisha
C) Rajasthan desert
D) Kerala
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Red soils<\/strong> cover southern states and parts of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

35. The red colour of red soils is due to:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) High humus
B) Iron oxide
C) Clay
D) Potassium
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Iron oxide<\/strong> gives red colour<\/strong>; yellowish when hydrated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

36. Red soils are generally deficient in:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Iron and Potassium
B) Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Humus
C) Calcium
D) All nutrients
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Red soils are poor in nitrogen, humus, phosphorus<\/strong> but rich in iron<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

37. Laterite soils are found in which states?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha
B) Punjab, Haryana
C) Rajasthan, Gujarat
D) J&K, Himachal
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/em> Laterite soils<\/strong> occur in high rainfall states like Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

38. Laterite soils are suitable for cultivation of:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Cotton
B) Rice and Tea
C) Wheat
D) Maize
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Laterite soils<\/strong> are good for rice, tea, cashew, coffee<\/strong> cultivation when manured.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

39. Which soil type is most leached and infertile?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Black soil
B) Laterite soil
C) Alluvial soil
D) Red soil
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Laterite soil<\/strong> loses fertility due to heavy leaching in high rainfall areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

40. Arid soils are found in:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Punjab and Haryana
B) Rajasthan, Gujarat, Western MP
C) Assam and Bengal
D) Kerala
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Arid soils<\/strong> occur in desert regions of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Western MP<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

41. Arid soils are generally:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Alkaline and sandy
B) Acidic and clayey
C) Fertile
D) Rich in humus
Answer: A
Explanation: Arid soils<\/strong> are alkaline, sandy, low in humus<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

42. Which state has the maximum area under black soils?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Gujarat
B) Maharashtra
C) MP
D) Andhra Pradesh
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> <\/strong><\/em>Maharashtra<\/strong> has the largest black soil area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

43. Which soils are called \u201ccotton soils\u201d?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Alluvial soils
B) Black soils
C) Red soils
D) Laterite soils
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Black soils<\/strong> are called cotton soils<\/strong> due to their suitability for cotton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

44. Forest soils are found mostly in:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Deccan Plateau
B) Himalayas and NE India
C) Rajasthan
D) Punjab plains
Answer: B
Explanation:<\/strong> Forest soils<\/strong> occur in Himalayas and NE states<\/strong>, rich in humus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

45. In hilly regions, soils vary according to:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Altitude
B) Latitude
C) Rainfall
D) All of the above
Answer: D<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> In hilly regions<\/strong>, soils vary with altitude, slope, rainfall, vegetation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

46. Black soils are deficient in:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Potash
B) Lime and Iron
C) Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Organic matter
D) Magnesium
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Black soils lack nitrogen, phosphorus, humus<\/strong>, but rich in lime, iron, potash.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

47. Alluvial soils support the cultivation of:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Rice, Wheat, Sugarcane
B) Cotton, Groundnut
C) Tea, Coffee
D) Cashew, Rubber
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: Alluvial soils<\/strong> are ideal for rice, wheat, sugarcane<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

48. Laterite soils are widely cut and used for:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Fertilizers
B) Brick making
C) Cement
D) Road construction
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Laterite soils<\/strong> are used for bricks<\/strong> due to hardness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

49. The soils of Rajasthan desert are rich in:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Humus
B) Calcium carbonate and soluble salts
C) Nitrogen
D) Iron
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Desert soils contain calcium carbonate and soluble salts<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

50. Which soil type is found in Meghalaya and Assam hills, suitable for tea?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Black soil
B) Laterite soil
C) Forest soil
D) Alluvial soil
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: Forest soils<\/strong> in Assam and Meghalaya are ideal for tea plantations<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

51. The removal of the top fertile layer of soil by natural agents is called:
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Weathering
B) Soil erosion
C) Leaching
D) Desertification
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Soil erosion<\/strong> is the removal of topsoil by wind, water, or human activity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

52. The most fertile horizon of soil is:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Horizon A (topsoil)
B) Horizon B (subsoil)
C) Horizon C
D) Horizon R
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: A horizon<\/strong> is rich in humus and nutrients, making it most fertile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

53. Sheet erosion refers to:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Deep cutting of soil by rivers
B) Removal of thin layer of soil uniformly
C) Wind erosion in deserts
D) Soil erosion along slopes
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Sheet erosion<\/strong> = uniform removal of a thin soil layer by rainfall\/water flow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

54. Gully erosion leads to the formation of:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Plateaus
B) Ravines
C) Sand dunes
D) Terraces
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Gully erosion<\/strong> cuts deep channels, leading to ravines<\/strong> (e.g., Chambal ravines).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

55. Wind erosion is most common in:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Assam
B) Rajasthan desert
C) Kerala
D) MP
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Wind erosion occurs in sandy deserts of Rajasthan<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

56. Leaching is the process of:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Soil erosion by wind
B) Loss of nutrients by percolation of water
C) Soil formation
D) Fertility restoration
Answer: B
Explanation:<\/strong> Leaching<\/strong> = removal of soluble nutrients from soil by water movement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

57. Which soil conservation method is used in hilly areas?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Shelter belts
B) Contour ploughing & terracing
C) Wind breaks
D) Mulching
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Contour ploughing and terracing<\/strong> prevent erosion in hilly regions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

58. Which soil conservation method is used in desert regions?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Windbreaks and shelter belts
B) Terracing
C) Contour bunding
D) Check dams
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> In deserts, shelter belts (rows of trees)<\/strong> reduce wind erosion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

59. The term \u201cravine land\u201d is associated with which river basin?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Ganga
B) Yamuna
C) Chambal
D) Godavari
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: Chambal valley (MP, Rajasthan)<\/strong> is notorious for ravine lands due to gully erosion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

60. Which crop is known as the “soil exhaustor”?
<\/mark><\/strong>A) Rice
B) Maize
C) Sugarcane
D) Wheat
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Sugarcane exhausts soil fertility due to heavy nutrient requirement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

61. Which crop is considered a “soil enricher”?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Maize
B) Pulses (Legumes)
C) Cotton
D) Rice
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Leguminous crops<\/strong> fix atmospheric nitrogen, enriching soil fertility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

62. Which soil is best suited for wheat cultivation?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Alluvial soil
B) Black soil
C) Laterite soil
D) Desert soil
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Alluvial soil<\/strong> with good irrigation is ideal for wheat in Indo-Gangetic plains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

63. Which soil is most suitable for rice cultivation in coastal and deltaic regions?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Red soil
B) Laterite soil
C) Alluvial soil
D) Black soil
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: Alluvial soils<\/strong> in deltas are fertile, ideal for rice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

64. Which soil is best suited for groundnut cultivation?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Black soil
B) Red soil
C) Laterite soil
D) Desert soil
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Red soils<\/strong> are good for groundnut, millets, pulses<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

65. Tea cultivation in Assam and Darjeeling is supported by:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Black soils
B) Forest soils
C) Red soils
D) Laterite soils
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Forest soils<\/strong> in hilly regions (Assam, Darjeeling) are ideal for tea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

66. Which soil type is widely used for cotton cultivation?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Alluvial
B) Black (Regur)
C) Laterite
D) Red
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Black soils<\/strong> (Maharashtra, Gujarat) are known as cotton soils<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

67. Which soil type supports jute cultivation?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Black soil
B) Alluvial soil of Ganga\u2013Brahmaputra delta
C) Red soil
D) Laterite soil
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Jute<\/strong> grows best in new alluvial soils of Bengal & Assam<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

68. Which soil is ideal for cashew nut plantations in Kerala & Karnataka?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Laterite soil
B) Alluvial soil
C) Red soil
D) Desert soil
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: Laterite soils<\/strong> in coastal Kerala & Karnataka are ideal for cashew.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

69. Which soil type is used for coffee cultivation in Karnataka?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Black soil
B) Red & Laterite soils
C) Desert soil
D) Alluvial soil
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Coffee<\/strong> thrives in red and laterite soils<\/strong> in Karnataka\u2019s hilly areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

70. Soil fertility can be increased by:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Crop rotation
B) Use of organic manures
C) Green manuring
D) All of the above
Answer: D<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Fertility improves through manuring, crop rotation, green manuring<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

71. The practice of growing different crops in alternate rows to protect soil is called:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Crop rotation
B) Mixed farming
C) Strip cropping
D) Contour farming
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Strip cropping<\/strong> prevents soil erosion by growing alternate rows of crops.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

72. The Great Indian Desert (Thar) soils are deficient in:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Humus and Nitrogen
B) Lime and Iron
C) Potash
D) Phosphorus
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Desert soils are low in humus and nitrogen<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

73. Which state is famous for \u201cblack cotton soils\u201d?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Kerala
B) Maharashtra
C) Rajasthan
D) Bihar
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Maharashtra<\/strong> is famous for black cotton soils (Deccan Plateau).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

74. Laterite soils are best suited for cultivation of:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Wheat and maize
B) Rice, cashew, tea, coffee
C) Cotton and sugarcane
D) Jute
Answer: B
Explanation:<\/strong> Laterites support rice, cashew, tea, coffee<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

75. Which soil type is most prone to erosion in India?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Alluvial soil
B) Black soil
C) Laterite soil
D) Red soil
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Alluvial soils in floodplains<\/strong> are highly prone to erosion by rivers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

76. Which mission was launched in 2015 to improve soil health in India?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Green India Mission
B) Soil Health Card Scheme
C) National Watershed Mission
D) Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> The Soil Health Card Scheme (2015)<\/strong> provides farmers soil nutrient status and fertilizer recommendations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

77. The Soil Health Card scheme provides data after testing soil samples every:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) 1 year
B) 2 years
C) 3 years
D) 5 years
Answer: B
Explanation:<\/strong> Soil health cards are issued to farmers once every 2 years<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

78. The \u201cNational Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (NBSS&LUP)\u201d is located at:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Hyderabad
B) Nagpur
C) New Delhi
D) Pune
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: NBSS&LUP (Nagpur, 1976)<\/strong> is India\u2019s premier soil research institute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

79. The ICAR classification of soils divides Indian soils into:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) 5 groups
B) 6 groups
C) 8 groups
D) 10 groups
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: ICAR classifies soils into 8 groups<\/strong> \u2013 alluvial, black, red, laterite, arid, forest, peaty, saline\/alkaline.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

80. Saline and alkaline soils are locally known as:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Regur
B) Reh\/Kallar\/Usar
C) Khadar
D) Bhangar
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> In UP, Punjab & Haryana, saline soils are called Reh, Kallar, or Usar<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

81. Which soil is found in the Sundarbans delta region?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Black soil
B) Peaty and marshy soil
C) Laterite soil
D) Desert soil
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: Peaty & marshy soils<\/strong> occur in waterlogged areas like Sundarbans, Kerala backwaters<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

82. Which soil type is richest in humus content?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Desert soil
B) Peaty soil
C) Red soil
D) Laterite soil
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Peaty soils<\/strong> (organic, waterlogged) are very rich in humus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

83. Soil carbon sequestration is important for:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Climate change mitigation
B) Water pollution
C) Urban planning
D) Oil exploration
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Storing carbon in soils reduces greenhouse gases, helping climate change mitigation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

84. Which state launched the “Bhoochetana Programme” for soil health?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Maharashtra
B) Karnataka
C) Gujarat
D) Madhya Pradesh
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Karnataka<\/strong> launched the Bhoochetana Programme<\/strong> to improve soil fertility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

85. Which soil conservation measure is followed in Chambal ravines?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Shelter belts
B) Contour ploughing
C) Afforestation & check dams
D) Mulching
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: Chambal ravines<\/strong> are treated by check dams and afforestation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

86. India has set a target to restore how much degraded land by 2030 (UNCCD commitment)?<\/mark><\/strong>
A) 15 million hectares
B) 21 million hectares
C) 26 million hectares
D) 30 million hectares
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>India pledged at UNCCD COP14 to restore 26 million ha degraded land by 2030<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

87. Which soil type covers the maximum geographical area in India?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Alluvial
B) Red
C) Black
D) Laterite
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: Alluvial soils (~40% area)<\/strong> are the most widespread in India.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

88. The Indo-Gangetic plains soils are mainly:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Black
B) Red
C) Alluvial
D) Laterite
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> The Indo-Gangetic plains are covered by alluvial soils<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

89. Which soil is most important for cotton cultivation in Deccan Plateau?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Red soil
B) Alluvial soil
C) Black soil (Regur)
D) Laterite soil
Answer: C<\/strong>
Explanation: Regur (black cotton soils)<\/strong> of Deccan are ideal for cotton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

90. The Desert Development Programme (DDP) was launched in:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) 1972\u201373
B) 1980\u201381
C) 1990\u201391
D) 2000
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation: DDP (1972\u201373)<\/strong> aimed to check desertification in Rajasthan, Gujarat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

91. The Ravine Reclamation Project is mainly focused on:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Chambal Basin
B) Punjab
C) Ganga Delta
D) Assam Valley
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Chambal Basin ravines<\/strong> in MP\u2013Rajasthan\u2013UP are reclaimed through soil conservation projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

92. \u201cWatershed Development Programme\u201d is related to:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Irrigation only
B) Soil and water conservation
C) Fertilizer use
D) Mining
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Watershed management = soil + water conservation<\/strong> at micro-level.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

93. Which soil is predominant in Kerala, Karnataka, Goa\u2019s coastal regions?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Desert soil
B) Laterite soil
C) Alluvial soil
D) Black soil
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation: <\/strong>Coastal Kerala, Goa, Karnataka<\/strong> have laterite soils<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

94. The \u201cPradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY)\u201d indirectly helps soil conservation by:<\/mark><\/strong>
A) Fertilizer subsidy
B) Efficient irrigation & reduced erosion
C) Expanding desert farming
D) Soil brick production
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> PMKSY<\/strong> improves irrigation efficiency, reducing erosion and salinity<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

95. Which soil degradation problem is most acute in Punjab and Haryana?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Salinity and waterlogging
B) Wind erosion
C) Desertification
D) Leaching
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Salinity + waterlogging<\/strong> due to over-irrigation is a big issue in Punjab\u2013Haryana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

96. Which soil is most suitable for sugarcane cultivation in India?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Black soil
B) Alluvial soil
C) Laterite soil
D) Desert soil
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Alluvial soils of UP, Bihar, West Bengal<\/strong> support sugarcane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

97. \u201cMission Organic Value Chain Development\u201d was launched mainly for which region?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) NE India
B) Deccan Plateau
C) Indo-Gangetic Plains
D) Rajasthan Desert
Answer: A<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> MOVCD (2015)<\/strong> focuses on North-East India<\/strong> for organic farming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

98. Which state has India\u2019s largest saline desert soil region?<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Rajasthan
B) Gujarat
C) Maharashtra
D) Madhya Pradesh
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Gujarat\u2019s Rann of Kutch<\/strong> is India\u2019s largest saline desert soil area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

99. The National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) includes:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Soil health management
B) Rainfed area development
C) Organic farming
D) All of the above
Answer: D<\/strong>
Explanation: NMSA (under NAPCC)<\/strong> covers soil health, water use, organic farming<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

100. The \u201cBhoomi Rashi Portal\u201d launched by Govt. of India deals with:<\/strong>
<\/mark>A) Soil health management
B) Land acquisition & digitization
C) Soil erosion monitoring
D) Afforestation schemes
Answer: B<\/strong>
Explanation:<\/strong> Bhoomi Rashi Portal<\/strong> manages land acquisition digitization<\/strong>, indirectly linked to land\u2013soil management.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Soil is formed by the process of:A) LithificationB) Weathering of rocksC) SedimentationD) CrystallizationAnswer: BExplanation: Soil is formed by weathering of rocks and decomposition of organic matter. 2. The study of soils is called:A) PedologyB) LithologyC) GeologyD) PetrologyAnswer: AExplanation: Pedology is the branch of science dealing with soils. 3. The vertical section of soil showing<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,14,11108],"tags":[14548,15037,15028,15026,15018,14588,14908,15024,5649,5652,5623,15031,14348,15032,15034,15023,15030,15025,15041,15017,15033,15038,15040,15042,15035,15036,15019,15029,15027,15021,15020,15039,11113,15016,14540],"class_list":{"0":"post-13549","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-blog","7":"category-geography","8":"category-indian-geography","9":"tag-all-formatted-with-commas","10":"tag-alluvial-soil-mcqs","11":"tag-black-soil-mcqs","12":"tag-desert-soil-mcqs","13":"tag-forest-soil-mcqs","14":"tag-i-can-also-expand-this-list-to-50-100-highly-targeted-keyword-tags","15":"tag-indian-geography-mcqs","16":"tag-laterite-soil-mcqs","17":"tag-mcqs-for-pc-psi-sda-fda-pdo-vao-banking-kas-ias-ssc-gd-ssc-chsl-ssc-cgl-for-all-compitative-exams","18":"tag-mcqs-for-pc-psi-sda-fda-pdo-vao-banking-kas-ias-ssc-gd-ssc-chsl-ssc-cgl-for-all-compitative-examsin-kannada","19":"tag-mcqs-for-sda-fda-pdo-vao-banking-kas-ias-ssc-gd-ssc-chsl-ssc-cgl-for-all-compitative-exams","20":"tag-mountain-soil-mcqs","21":"tag-physical-geography-mcqs","22":"tag-red-soil-mcqs","23":"tag-soil-characteristics-mcqs","24":"tag-soil-conservation-mcqs","25":"tag-soil-erosion-mcqs","26":"tag-soil-exam-preparation-mcqs","27":"tag-soil-facts-and-figures","28":"tag-soil-fertility-mcqs","29":"tag-soil-for-competitive-exams","30":"tag-soil-formation-mcqs","31":"tag-soil-important-terms","32":"tag-soil-map-questions-mcqs","33":"tag-soil-objective-questions","34":"tag-soil-practice-questions","35":"tag-soil-quiz","36":"tag-soil-regions-of-india-mcqs","37":"tag-soil-revision-questions","38":"tag-soil-sample-questions","39":"tag-soil-study-material","40":"tag-soil-test-questions","41":"tag-soil-top-100-mcqs-with-answer-and-explanation","42":"tag-types-of-soil-mcqs","43":"tag-world-geography-mcqs"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13549","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13549"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13549\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13590,"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13549\/revisions\/13590"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13549"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13549"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcqsadda.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13549"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}